Kk&s Ch.29 Complementary Medicine In Psych

Front 1

Most commonly used forms of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)?

Back 1

An NCCAM study in 2002 revealed that more than one third of Americans used some form of CAM in a 12-month period. When prayer was included, the percentage rose to more than 60 percent. Prayer for one's own health was most prominent (43 percent), followed by prayer by others for one's own health (24 percent), natural products (19 percent), deep-breathing exercises (12 percent), group prayer (10 percent), meditation (8 percent), chiropractic care (8 percent), yoga (5 percent), massage (5 percent), and diet-based therapies (4 percent).

Front 2

Most commonly used natural products?

Back 2

Echinacea, ginseng, Gingko biloba, garlic supplements, glucosamine, and St. John's wort were the most common natural products used.

Front 3

Most common conditions?

Back 3

pain - back, head, neck

Front 4

acupuncture is beneficial to treat functional impairment and osteoarthritic pain of the knee

True or false?

Back 4

True

Front 5

Prophylactic benefit was found for low dose Echinacea augustifoli in the prevention of cold symptoms

T/F

Back 5

False, NO BENEFIT

Front 6

combined glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate supplements do not provide significant relief for osteoarthritic pain in most cases, but does benefit a smaller subset with more severe pain

True or false?

Back 6

True

Front 7

St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) is more effective for treating major depression of moderate severity than placebo

Back 7

NO according to NCCAM

Front 8

The benefits of acupuncture have been validated in a variety of conditions, most notably

Other conditions treated with these techniques?

Back 8

pain management, postoperative nausea and vomiting, osteoarthritis of the knee, fibromyalgia, and headaches


asthma, dysmenorrhea, cervical pain, insomnia, anxiety, depression, and substance abuse including smoking cessation

Front 9

What is Alexander technique?

Back 9

Alexander developed a theory of the proper use of body musculature to help alleviate somatic and mental illness.

Front 10

? focuses on mental exercises that enable persons to find a balance between mind and body to ensure health maintenance.

Back 10

Anthroposophy

Front 11

? is the therapeutic use of plant oils.

Back 11

Aromatherapy is the therapeutic use of plant oils.

Front 12

Women who are exposed to the smell of ?, which occurs in male underarm sweat, show increased social exchanges with men, hightened sexual arousal and improved mood

Back 12

androstenol

Front 13

Androstenol also affects ?

Back 13

the length and timing of the menstrual cycle

Front 14

Female pheromones, known as ? are present in female underarm sweat and in vaginal secretions. Males perceive the odor of ? as most pleasant during the woman's ovulatory cycle when such odors are most volatile.

Back 14

copulines

Front 15

large (NOT ENGLISH)

Back 15

wide/grand/ample

Front 16

? practitioners diagnose illness by examining the pulse, the urine, and the heat or coldness of the body. Treatment relies on diet, medicines, purification, enemas, and bloodletting

Back 16

Ayurveda

Front 17

The ? method, designed to treat vision problems, was devised by ?. It is aimed at naturally strengthening the eye muscles and includes the following basic exercises: splashing closed eyes 20 times with warm water, then 20 times with cold water; alternately focusing on near and distant objects; focusing on an object while gently swaying the body; remembering objects in the mind's eye to facilitate the actual perception of these objects in reality; and closing the eyes, cupping them with the palms of both hands (without touching the eyes), and focusing on pleasant thoughts.

Back 17

Bates
William H. Bates

Front 18

?, based on the belief that dammed-up energy produces maladaptive behavioral patterns

Back 18

Bioenergetics

Front 19

? therapy is a traditional medical procedure used to treat accidental poisoning with heavy metals, such as lead, arsenic, and mercury.

Back 19

Chelation

Front 20

disease could be attributed to spinal misalignment leading to abnormal nerve transmission

Back 20

Chiropractic

Front 21

? is the largest independent alternative health profession in the Western world, with more than 50,000 chiropractors in the United States.

Back 21

Chiropractic

Front 22

? is a technique known since antiquity that consists of flushing the intestinal colon with large quantities of water, sometimes with minerals or other substances (e.g., coffee) added

Back 22

Colonic irrigation

Front 23

In ? therapy, different colors are thought to affect mood, and this has been used to address specific health problems.

Back 23

color

Front 24

The Ornish diet, developed by physician Dean Ornish, is ?

Back 24

vegetarian

Front 25

The Pritikin diet developed by Nathan Pritikin is extremely low in?

Back 25

fat

Front 26

Severe ? deficiency results in pellagra with its characteristic triad of skin lesions, gastrointestinal disorder, and psychiatric symptoms

The psychiatric symptoms include irritability and emotional instability progressing to severe depression and then to disorientation, memory impairment, hallucinations, and paranoia

Back 26

niacin

Front 27

? deficiency is associated with depression and dementia

Back 27

Folic acid

Front 28

? deficiency is associated with cognitive impairment, depression, and other affective symptoms

Back 28

vitamin B12

Front 29

Whereas the chronic forms of ? deficiency that lead to beriberi are rarely seen in the Western world, the fulminant depletion of already low stores of ? results in Wernicke's encephalopathy and Korsakoff's syndrome.

Back 29

thiamine

Front 30

? classically presents with the triad of ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, and mental confusion, but confusion and a staggering gait are perhaps most common

Back 30

Wernicke's encephalopathy

Front 31

Wernicke's encephalopathy is:
acute or chronic
process

Back 31

acute

Front 32

? may be the permanent residue of Wernicke's encephalothy

Back 32

Korsakoff's syndrome

Front 33

Patients with ? exhibit a well-circumscribed retrograde and anterograde amnesia that results from destruction of the ?, and psychotic symptoms are also reported

Back 33

Korsakoff's syndrome
mammillary bodies

Front 34

? is a medical emergency that responds to short-term treatment with 50 mg of thiamine intravenously followed by 250-mg intramuscular injections daily until a normal diet is attained

Back 34

Wernicke's encephalopathy

Front 35

Vitamin B12 deficiency or pernicious anemia is often seen in ? ? ?

Back 35

elderly adults,
patients with gastric surgery, and
malnourished depressed patients.

Front 36

The most typical psychiatric presentations include apathy, malaise, depressed mood, confusion, and memory deficits.

Back 36

Vitamin B12 deficiency or pernicious anemi

Front 37

The treatment of pernicious anemia usually involves

Back 37

daily intramuscular injections of 1,000 mg of vitamin B12 for approximately 1 week, followed by maintenance doses of 1,000 mg every 1 to 2 months.

Front 38

? deficiency has been associated with depression, paranoia, psychosis, agitation, and dementia.

Back 38

Folate

Front 39

? can result from anorexia in depressed patients and can also contribute to depression by interfering with the synthesis of norepinephrine and serotonin

Back 39

Folate deficiency

Front 40

Folate deficiency associated with which drugs?

Back 40

Folate deficiency has been associated with
anticonvulsant use, particularly phenytoin (Dilantin),
primidone (Mysoline), and
phenobarbital (Solfoton), and the
sex steroids, including oral contraceptives and estrogen replacement.

Front 41

The most common cause of folate deficiency is

Back 41

the malnourishment associated with alcoholism

Front 42

Folate deficiency in pregnancy is associated with

Back 42

neural tube defects (e.g., spina bifida, anecephaly).

Front 43

Which supplement associated with Possible risk of serotonin syndrome in those with carcinoid tumors or taking MAOIs

Back 43

5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP)

Front 44

Phenylalanine
adverse effects
interactions

Back 44

Contraindicated in patients with PKU,

may exacerbate tardive dyskinesia or hypertension

MAOIs and neuroleptic drug

Front 45

Exercise helps to reduce psychotic sx in people with Sz?
T/F?

Back 45

True Exercise has been shown to ameliorate depression, anxiety, and PTSD; improve cognitive function and self-esteem; and reduce psychotic symptoms in schizophrenic populations.

Front 46

Lessons generally last from 30 to 60 minutes and consist of structured movement that involves thinking, sensing, moving, and imagining.

Back 46

Feldenkrais method

Front 47

Studies have compared St. John's wort with placebo, tricyclic drugs, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and found that Hypericum extracts were more effective than placebo in the treatment of mild to moderate depression. Many of these studies lacked of rigor in

Back 47

the diagnosis of depression,
sample size, and the
assessment of efficacy.

Front 48

It is based on the concept that self-healing is a basic characteristic of human life and that special medications can aid this inherent process.
Let like be cured by like

a medication that produces nausea would be used to treat nausea, except that it would be given in dilute amounts. This law of similars—Similia similibus curantur (“Let like be cured by like”)—led to coining of ? (“similar experiences”). In traditional medicine, such highly dilute substances are considered to have no effect, and no pharmacological research studies demonstrate otherwise

Back 48

Homeopathy

Front 49

For alteration of consciousness to reduce pain and elevate mood

Parasympathomimetic overload; increased salivation, tremors, bradycardia, spasms, gastrointestinal disturbances, ulcers of the mouth

Back 49

Areca, areca nut, betel nut, L. Areca catechu

Front 50

Anxiolytic

but can cause Tachycardia, arrhythmias, xerostomia, mydriasis, difficulties with micturition and constipation

Has a strong smell, tastes sharp and bitter, and is poisonous

Back 50

Belladonna, L. Atropa belladonna, deadly nightshade

Front 51

Sedative, anxiolytic, hypnotic

Adverse effecs: Photosensitization

Back 51

Bitter orange flower, Citrus aurantium

Front 52

For premenstrual syndrome, menopausal symptoms, dysmenorrhea

Adv: Weight gain, gastrointestinal disturbances

Back 52

Black cohosh, L. Cimicifuga racemosa

Front 53

Sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic; for depression
Adv: Lethargy

Back 53

California poppy, L. Eschscholtzia californica

Front 54

Stimulant; for fatigue, elevation of mood, immune system

Adv effects: Insomnia, hypertonia, and edema

Back 54

Ginseng, L. Panax ginseng

Front 55

Sedative, hypnotic antispasmodic

Adv: Lethargy, impaired cognition, dermatitis with long-term unreported usage

Synergistic with anxiolytics, alcohol; avoid with levodopa and dopaminergic agents

Back 55

Kava kava, L. Piperis methysticum

Front 56

Antidepressant, sedative, anxiolytic
Adverse fx:
Headaches, photosensitivity (may be severe), constipation Report of manic reaction when used with sertraline (Zoloft); do not combine with SSRls or MAOls: possible serotonin syndrome; do not use with alcohol, opioids; discontinue 5 days before surgery

Back 56

St. John's wort, L. Hypericum perforatum

Front 57

Sedative, muscle relaxant, hypnotic

Adv effects?

Back 57

Valerian, L. Valeriana officinalis

Cognitive and motor impairment, gastrointestinal upset, hepatotoxicity; long-term use: contact allergy, headache, restlessness, insomnia, mydriasis, cardiac dysfunction Avoid concomitant use with alcohol or CNS depressants

Front 58

is a health practice that focuses on living in harmony with nature, using mainly a balanced diet.

Prolonged use of the diet can result in vitamin and mineral deficiencies.

Back 58

Macrobiotics

Front 59

? is a technique that involves entering a trance state by focusing thought on a word or sound (a mantra), an object (e.g., a burning candle), or a movement (e.g., an oscillating disk)

Back 59

Meditation

Front 60

A meditative trance has physiological effects, all associated with decreased anxiety: heart and respiratory rates slow, blood pressure decreases, and ? brain waves increase

Back 60

alpha

Front 61

? is based on theories of Oriental medicine in which energy forces are balanced by applying heat to stimulate specific acupoints

Back 61

Moxibustion

Front 62

? is a health care system intended to ensure a healthy mind and body based on maintaining healthy nutrition, pollution-free air and water supplies, and exercising regularly

Back 62

Naturopathy

Front 63

The basic theory is that a life force, called chi energy, flows in us in a harmonious, balanced way. This harmony and balance signify health. When the life force does not flow properly, disharmony and imbalance, or illness, result.

Back 63

Oriental Medicine

Front 64

Their medical education is identical to that of medical doctors, except that they have additional training in disorders of the musculoskeletal system, in which they consider themselves more knowledgeable than M.D.s.

Back 64

Osteopathic Medicine

Front 65

?, the healing process is aided by contact with spiritual beings who are believed to have the ability to reverse illness and maintain health

Back 65

In past life medicine

Front 66

Personal belief in religion and active attendance at worship has been correlated with a moderately decreased incidence of ??

Back 66

depression and hypertension

Front 67

It is a Chinese exercise system that attracts and directs the vital life energy

Back 67

Qi Gong

Front 68

First-degree ? practitioners use light, nonmanipulative touch to precipitate a flow of healing energy, called ?, drawn through the practitioner and into the patient according to the recipient's needs. Second-degree healing enables practitioners to access this energy for distant healing when touch is impossible.

Back 68

Reiki

Front 69

? is a type of massage to relieve tension in muscle, connective tissue, and fascia, which she believed caused musculoskeletal diseases, such as arthritis and fibromyalgia

Back 69

Rolfing

Front 70

This ancient Chinese technique is designed to increase the life force in the body through a series of slow circular movements.

Back 70

Tai Chi

Front 71

The method is a technique of movement reduction to aid individuals suffering from polio and other neuromuscular disorders.

Back 71

Trager

Front 72

? is used to reduce stress and to treat anxiety, high blood pressure, and musculoskeletal conditions. Studies have proved its benefits for depression.

Back 72

Yoga

Front 73

A new type of psychiatry, called ? psychiatry, selectively incorporates elements of complementary and alternative medicine into practice methods.

Back 73

integrative