Kk&s Ch.09 Classification & Scales

Front 1

Is DSM theoretical in terms of cause or atheoretical?

Back 1

The approach to DSM-IV-TR is atheoretical with regard to causes. Thus, DSM-IV-TR attempts to describe the manifestations of the mental disorders and only rarely attempts to account for how the disturbances come about. The definitions of the disorders usually consist of descriptions of clinical features.

Front 2

MR defintion?

Back 2

score below 70 on IQ and
impairment in 2 areas of adaptive fxning?

Front 3

adaptive functioning=?

Back 3

Adaptive functioning refers to how effective individuals are in achieving age-appropriate common demands of life in areas such as communication, self-care, and interpersonal skills

Front 4

# of learning ds, name them?

Back 4

Three LDs
Reading,
Written Expression
Mathematics

Front 5

Analogous to learning disorders, ? disorder is diagnosed when motor coordination is substantially below expectations based on age and intelligence, and when the coordination problem significantly interferes with functioning

Back 5

developmental coordination

Front 6

Examples of developmental coordination disorder?

Back 6

Examples include delays in achieving developmental milestones, such as crawling or walking; dropping things; and poor sports performance

Front 7

Name all communication ds

Back 7

4:
expressive language disorder,
mixed receptive-expressive language disorder,
phonological disorder, and
stuttering

Front 8

Which communication disorder based on standardized testing?

Back 8

diagnosis of expressive and mixed receptive-expressive language disorders depends on standardized testing

Front 9

Basic def of Conduct Ds

Back 9

Conduct disorder, the childhood precursor of antisocial personality disorder, is characterized by a behavior pattern in which age-appropriate societal norms and rules are violated (e.g., aggression toward people and animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness or theft, serious violation of rules).

Front 10

ODD def?

Back 10

Oppositional defiant disorder is characterized by an ongoing pattern of negativistic, defiant, disobedient, and hostile behavior toward authority figures. Because many of the features of oppositional defiant disorder occur in children who do not have the disorder (e.g., deliberate annoyance of others and refusal to comply with adults' requests), DSM-IV-TR includes a note in the diagnostic criteria that a criterion is met only when the behavior occurs more frequently than that of other children of the same age and developmental level.

Front 11

How seperate ODD from normal misbehaving?

Back 11

DSM-IV-TR includes a note in the diagnostic criteria that a criterion is met only when the behavior occurs more frequently than that of other children of the same age and developmental level

Front 12

What is PICA?

Back 12

Pica refers to persistent eating of nonnutritive substances, such as dirt, paint, plaster, sand, and pebbles, that is inappropriate to developmental level and cultural practice.

Front 13

What is rumination ds?

Back 13

The core feature of rumination disorder is the repeated regurgitation and rechewing of food after a period of normal food consumption. The diagnosis is excluded if a specific general medical condition, such as pyloric stenosis or esophageal reflux, accounts for the symptoms.

Front 14

Feeding disorder of infancy or early childhood =?

Back 14

Feeding disorder of infancy or early childhood, sometimes referred to as failure to thrive, is characterized by weight loss or a failure to make expected weight gain in an infant or young child because of inadequate food intake.

Front 15

Describe tic Ds, #

Back 15

The three specific tic disorders (Tourette syndrome, chronic motor or vocal tic disorder, and transient tic disorder) are characterized by “sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic, stereotyped motor movements or vocalization.

Front 16

How distinguish different tics disorders?

Back 16

chronicity, range of tics

The three disorders are distinguished in terms of chronicity (Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorder are of at least 12 months in duration; transient tic disorder is of at least 1 month in duration but less than 12 months in duration) and range of tics (Tourette syndrome has motor and vocal tics; chronic tic disorder has motor or vocal tics; and transient tic disorder has motor or vocal tics, or both).

Front 17

What the elimination ds?

Back 17

encopresis
enuresis

Front 18

What is seperation anxiety ds/

Back 18

Separation anxiety disorder is characterized by excessive anxiety about separation from home or attachment figures beyond that expected for the child's developmental level

Front 19

What is selective mutism?

Back 19

Selective mutism is characterized by persistent refusal to speak in specific situations in which speaking is expected, despite the demonstration of speaking ability in other situations

Front 20

What is reactive attachment disorder?

Back 20

Reactive attachment disorder of infancy or early childhood is characterized by one of two patterns of developmentally inappropriate social relatedness—excessively inhibited or disinhibited attachments—because of grossly pathological caregiving

Front 21

What is steretypic movement ds?

Back 21

The core feature of stereotypic movement disorder is “repetitive, seemingly driven, nonfunctional motor behavior,” such as body rocking, hand-waving, head-banging, self-biting, and other self-mutilating behavio

Front 22

core features of delirium

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core features of impaired attention and cognitive deficits

Front 23

Dementia is characterized by

Back 23

memory impairment and one or more other cognitive impairments (aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, and executive functioning dysfunction

Front 24

DSM dementia types?

Back 24

DSM-IV-TR distinguishes between five types (Alzheimer's disease, vascular, caused by other general medical condition, substance-induced, and towing to multiple etiologies). Alzheimer's dementia and dementia caused by a general medical condition are subtyped according to the presence or absence of clinically significant behavioral disturbances.

Front 25

Amnestic ds =?
compare to dementia

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Amnestic disorder is characterized by clinically significant memory impairment, similar to dementia, but without the other cognitive impairments that define dementia

Front 26

amnestic ds subtypes?

Back 26

Two specific amnestic disorders are defined—amnestic disorder caused by a general medical condition (which is subtyped as transient or chronic) and substance-induced persisting amnestic disorder.

Front 27

What are the categories of substance relatd problemd?

Back 27

dependence, abuse,
intoxication with or without delirium,

withdrawal with or without delirium,

dementia,
amnestic disorder,
psychosis,
mood disorder,
anxiety,
sexual dysfunction, and
sleep disorder

Front 28

polysubstance dependence, which is diagnosed when dependence criteria are met during a 1-year period during which ? or more groups of substances are used.

Back 28

3

Front 29

Dependence major constructs?

Back 29

withdrawal
tolerance
loss of control over use

Front 30

Each of the specific substances, except ?, can manifest a dependence syndrome

Back 30

caffeine

Front 31

Substance abuse can be diagnosed for each of the specific substances, except ? and ?

Back 31

Substance abuse can be diagnosed for each of the specific substances, except caffeine and nicotine

Front 32

Phases of Sz?

Back 32

Three phases of the disorder are defined.

The prodrome phase refers to deterioration in function before the onset of the active psychotic phase.

The active phase symptoms (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized behavior, or negative symptoms such as flat affect, avolition, and alogia) must be present for at least 1 month.

The residual phase follows the active phase. The features of the residual and prodromal phases include functional impairment and abnormalities of affect, cognition, and communication.

Front 33

Szphreniform vs Sz?

Back 33

same active phase symptoms of schizophrenia (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized behavior, or negative symptoms), but it lasts between 1 and 6 months and has

no prodromal or residual phase features of social or occupational impairment.

Front 34

Delusional ds key def

Back 34

Delusional disorder is characterized by nonbizarre delusions (i.e., delusions about situations that could occur in real life, such as infidelity, being followed, or having an illness). The presence of bizarre delusions or the other active phase psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia excludes the diagnosis of delusional disorder

Front 35

Brief Psychotic Ds key def?

Back 35

Brief psychotic disorder requires the presence of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized behavior, or catatonic behavior for at least 1 day but less than 1 month. The individual returns to his or her usual level of functioning

Front 36

Describe shared psychotic ds?

Back 36

Shared psychotic disorder, also called folie à deux, is characterized by a delusional belief that develops in an individual involved in a close relationship with someone who has an established delusion. The content of the delusion is similar to the content in the person with the established delusion.

Front 37

In MDD, All symptoms must be present nearly every day, except ?, which need only be recurrent

Back 37

All symptoms must be present nearly every day, except suicidal ideation or thoughts of death, which need only be recurrent

Front 38

MDD exclusion?

Back 38

The diagnosis is excluded if the symptoms are the result of a normal bereavement and if psychotic symptoms are present in the absence of mood symptoms.

Front 39

Describe dysthymic disorder

Back 39

Dysthymic disorder is a mild, chronic form of depression that lasts at least 2 years, during which, on most days, the individual experiences depressed mood for most of the day and at least two other symptoms of depression

Front 40

Bipolar subtyping?

Back 40

current episode type
severity/remission status if improved
rapid cycling (4 or more in 12 mont)

Front 41

Describe panic Ds, subtypes?

Back 41

A panic attack is characterized by feelings of intense fear or terror that come on out of the blue in situations in which there is nothing to fear and that is accompanied by heart racing or pounding, chest pain, shortness of breath or choking, dizziness, trembling or shaking, feeling faint or lightheaded, sweating, and nausea. Panic disorder is subtyped according to the presence or absence of agoraphobia.

Front 42

Describe agoraphobia?

Back 42

Agoraphobia is a frequent consequence of panic disorder, although it can occur in the absence of panic attacks.

Individuals with agoraphobia avoid (or try to avoid) situations that they think might trigger a panic attack (or panic-like symptoms) or
situations from which they think escape might be difficult if they have a panic attack.

Front 43

Describe specific phobia

Back 43

Specific phobia is characterized by an excessive, unreasonable fear of specific objects or situations that occurs almost always on exposure to the feared stimulus. The phobic stimulus is avoided, or, when not avoided, the individual feels severely anxious or uncomfortable

Front 44

Describe social phobia

Back 44

Social phobia is characterized by the fear of being embarrassed or humiliated in front of others. Similar to specific phobia, and the phobic stimuli are avoided, or, when not avoided, the individual feels severely anxious or uncomfortable. When the phobic stimuli include most social situations, then it is specified as generalized social phobia.

Front 45

Key features of PTSD

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TSD is diagnosed when a person reacts to the traumatic event with fear and experiences at least one reexperiencing symptom, two or more symptoms of hyperarousal, three or more symptoms of avoidance
R1E2A3

Front 46

GAD criteria

Back 46

WATCHERS
Worry
Anxiety
Tension
Concentration
Hyperirritable, arousal
Energy low
Restlessness
Sleep poor

Front 47

Define somatization ds

Back 47

Somatization disorder is characterized by multiple unexplained medical symptoms in diverse organ systems occurring over several years that are not explained by general medical conditions. The symptoms are grouped into four categories: pain, gastrointestinal (GI), sexual, and pseudoneurological. Symptoms from each group must be present, resulting in functional impairment or treatment, beginning before 30 years of age

Front 48

describe undifferentiated somatoform ds

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Undifferentiated somatoform disorder is a residual category for conditions characterized by unexplained medical symptoms that are not as pervasive and long-lasting as those of somatization disorder.

Front 49

describe conversion disorder

Back 49

Conversion disorder is characterized by unexplained voluntary motor or sensory deficits that suggest the presence of a neurological or other general medical condition. Psychological conflict is determined to be responsible for the symptoms.

Front 50

describe pain disorder

Back 50

The core feature of pain disorder is impairing or distressing pain that is the primary focus of attention. Psychological factors are determined to have an important role in the onset, severity, or maintenance of the pain.

Front 51

What is hypochondriasis

Back 51

Hypochondriasis is a distressing and impairing preoccupation with the belief of having a serious illness based on a misinterpretation of physical symptoms. After a thorough medical evaluation rules out the medical illness, the preoccupation remains.

Front 52

What is body dysmorphic disorder

Back 52

Body dysmorphic disorder is a distressing and impairing preoccupation with an imagined or slight defect in appearance. If the belief is held with delusional intensity, then delusional disorder, somatic type, might also be diagnosed

Front 53

Difference between malingering and factitious disorder?

Back 53

Factitious disorder refers to the deliberate feigning of physical or psychological symptoms to assume the sick role. Factitious disorder is distinguished from malingering in which symptoms are also falsely reported however, the motivation in malingering is external incentives, such as avoidance of responsibility, obtaining financial compensation, or obtaining substances

Front 54

Dissociative disorders

Back 54

The section on dissociative disorders includes four specific disorders (dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue, dissociative identity disorder, and depersonalization disorder) characterized by a “disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception.”

Front 55

Dissociative amnesia is characterized by

Back 55

memory loss of important personal information that is usually traumatic in nature

Front 56

Dissociative fugue is characterized by

Back 56

sudden travel away from home associated with partial or complete memory loss about one's identit

Front 57

The essential feature of dissociative identity disorder is

Back 57

the presence of two or more distinct identities that assume control of the individual's behavior

Front 58

The essential feature of depersonalization disorder is

Back 58

persistent or recurrent episodes of depersonalization (an altered sense of one's physical being, including feeling that one is outside of one's body, physically cut off or distanced from people, floating, observing oneself from a distance, as though in a dream, or that one's body is physically changed in shape or size).

Front 59

The group of sexual dysfunction disorders is organized on the basis of

Back 59

the phase of sexual response that is affected.

Front 60

The two sexual desire disorders are

Back 60

hypoactive sexual desire disorder (lack of desire for sexual activity) and sexual aversion disorder (active avoidance of sexual contact).

Front 61

The two sexual arousal disorders

Back 61

female sexual arousal disorder (inability to attain or maintain adequate lubrication until completion of sexual activity) and male erectile disorder (inability to attain or maintain adequate erection until completion of sexual activity)

Front 62

The three orgasmic disorders are ?

Back 62

female orgasmic disorder,
male orgasmic disorder, and premature ejaculation.

Front 63

The two sexual pain disorders are ?

Back 63

The two sexual pain disorders are dyspareunia (pain during sexual intercourse) and vaginismus (vaginal spasm interfering with sexual intercourse).

Front 64

The characteristic features of paraphilias are

Back 64

recurrent, sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors lasting at least 6 months and involving nonhuman objects, suffering or humiliation of oneself or one's partner, or children or other nonconsenting partners

Front 65

How many paraphilias are there? list em

Back 65

DSM-IV-TR includes eight specific paraphilias: exhibitionism (exposure of genitals to strangers), fetishism (use of nonliving objects), frotteurism (touching and rubbing against a nonconsenting person), pedophilia (attraction to children), sexual masochism (suffering pain or humiliation), sexual sadism (causing pain or humiliation to someone else), transvestic fetishism (cross-dressing), and voyeurism (observing unsuspecting individuals).

Front 66

term for use of nonliving objects?

Back 66

fetishism

Front 67

what is term for touching and rubbing against a nonconsenting person

Back 67

frotteurism

Front 68

masochism =?

Back 68

suffering pain

Front 69

sadism

Back 69

causing pain

Front 70

what is gender identity ds?

Back 70

The characteristic feature of gender identity disorder is a persistent discomfort with one's own gender and strong cross-gender identification. Gender identity disorder is subtyped according to the individual's current age, and the subtypes are distinguished by different diagnostic codes.

Front 71

The core feature of anorexia nervosa is

Back 71

a strong fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, resulting in deliberate maintenance of low body weight.

Front 72

AN subtypes?

Back 72

Anorexia is subtyped based on whether the individual engages in binge eating or purging behavior (binge eating or purging type) or maintains low weight through restricting food intake or excessive exercise (restricting type)

Front 73

BN describe

Back 73

Individuals with bulimia nervosa engage in recurrent binge eating during which they eat an abnormally large amount of food over a short period of time. During the binge, the person feels like he or she cannot control his or her eating. To prevent weight gain from the overeating, the individual engages in compensatory behavior, such as self-induced vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or going on strict diets.

Front 74

The sleep disorders are divided into four groups based on

Back 74

the presumed cause: primary, or caused by another mental disorder, a general medical condition, or substance use

Front 75

PRimary sleep disorders divided into?

Back 75

The primary sleep disorders are subdivided into five dyssomnias (primary insomnia, primary hypersomnia, narcolepsy, breathing-related sleep disorder, and circadian rhythm sleep disorder

Front 76

Parasomnias divided into?

Back 76

parasomnias (nightmare disorder, sleep terror disorder, and sleepwalking disorder).

Front 77

Describe impulse control disorder not elsewhere classified

Back 77

Impulse-control disorders not classified elsewhere are characterized by the failure to resist urges to engage in behaviors that are harmful to the individual or to others.

Front 78

Describe intermitted explosive disorder

Back 78

Intermittent explosive disorder is characterized by recurrent, discrete, episodes of assaultive and violent behavior that is out of proportion to possible precipitating factors.

Front 79

Describe kleptomania

Back 79

Kleptomania is characterized by repeated stealing of items that are not needed for personal use or for their monetary value. The stealing is not done for the purpose of expressing anger or revenge.

Front 80

Describe pyromania

Back 80

Pyromania is characterized by recurrent setting of fires because of a preoccupation or fascination with fire rather than being done for other purposes such as financial gain, political expression, revenge, or hiding of criminal behavior, which is known as arson.

Front 81

What is pathological gambling

Back 81

Pathological gambling is characterized by a maladaptive pattern of gambling behavior. Although classified as an impulse-control disorder, many experts draw parallels between pathological gambling and addictive disorders (i.e., substance use disorders).

Front 82

The adjustment disorders are subtyped according to the predominant symptom picture :

Back 82

(depressed mood, anxiety, mixed anxiety and depression, disturbance of conduct, mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct, unspecified)

Front 83

Describe paranoid pd

Back 83

Individuals with paranoid personality disorder are suspicious and distrustful of others. They may think that others do things just to annoy or to hurt them, and they often read hidden threats or put-downs in the comments of others. They may worry that friends or coworkers are not really loyal or trustworthy and are often reluctant to confide in others, because they believe “there is a price to pay” when something personal is shared. Persons with paranoid personality disorder may have problems with anger management. When involved in a relationship, they often worry that their partner is unfaithful.

Front 84

Describe schizoid pd

Back 84

Individuals with paranoid personality disorder are suspicious and distrustful of others. They may think that others do things just to annoy or to hurt them, and they often read hidden threats or put-downs in the comments of others. They may worry that friends or coworkers are not really loyal or trustworthy and are often reluctant to confide in others, because they believe “there is a price to pay” when something personal is shared. Persons with paranoid personality disorder may have problems with anger management. When involved in a relationship, they often worry that their partner is unfaithful.

Front 85

Describe sztypal pd

Back 85

Individuals with schizotypal personality disorder are odd and eccentric. They may dress, act, or speak in a peculiar manner. They are often suspicious and paranoid and feel anxious in social situations because of their distrust. Because of these beliefs, they have few friends. People with schizotypal personality disorder frequently feel that others are talking about them behind their back and that strangers are taking special notice of them. They may believe in extrasensory perception (ESP), hexes, telepathy, and superstitions more strongly than most people, and their behavior may be influenced by these beliefs.

Front 86

Describe antisocial PD

Back 86

Antisocial personality disorder, the adult manifestation of childhood conduct disorder, is characterized by selfish, irresponsible, unlawful, and impulsive behavior that shows a lack of regard for the rights of others. Individuals with antisocial personality disorder often find it easy to lie if it serves their purpose. They lack a conscience and usually do not feel remorseful at having hurt others but instead justify or rationalize their behavior.

Front 87

describe borderline pd

Back 87

Borderline personality disorder is characterized by emotional dysregulation, unstable interpersonal relationships, and unstable self-image. Individuals with borderline personality disorder have strong and intense emotions, often in reaction to how they perceive and believe others are treating them, and these emotions are difficult to control. The moods of the individual with borderline personality disorder are strong and frequently change. Often, they have problems with controlling anger, and anger outbursts are common. Self-destructive behavior is common. Individuals with borderline personality disorder make recurrent suicide attempts, suicide threats, or engage in self-damaging behavior, such as cutting or burning.

Front 88

describe histrionic pd

Back 88

Individuals with histrionic personality disorder are loud, overly emotionally expressive, and attention seeking. They act as if they are on stage and tend not to feel comfortable unless they are the center of attention. They may be flirtatious and sexually seductive and may use physical appearance to get people's attention. They often feel a close bond to someone they have just met and are quick to share personal details of their life with new acquaintances.

Front 89

describe narcissitic pd

Back 89

ndividuals with narcissistic personality disorder have too high of an opinion of themselves and little regard for others, except as how others meet their needs. They see themselves as accomplishing great things that establish their superiority over others. They view themselves as special and unique and that only similarly special people could understand them. They have a sense of entitlement, and they often feel that they have earned the right to special treatment or consideration because of who they are or what they have done.

Front 90

describe avoidant pd

Back 90

Avoidant personality disorder is characterized by social inhibition related to low self-esteem and sensitivity to rejection and criticism from others. Individuals with avoidant personality disorder have difficulty making friends and feel uncomfortable in social situations.

Front 91

describe dependent pd

Back 91

Individuals with dependent personality disorder have difficulty with self-sufficiency and have a strong need to be taken care of by others. They often believe that they cannot care for themselves, and, if a close relationship ends, they may be desperate to get into another relationship right away, even if it is not the best person for them.

Front 92

describe ocpd

Back 92

Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder is characterized by a pattern of perfectionism, stinginess, stubbornness, orderliness, and inflexibility. Individuals with this disorder frequently are workaholics, who spend so much time working that they have little time for family activities, friendships, or entertainment. Individuals with obsessive–compulsive personality disorder frequently find it difficult to throw things away, even when the object is old and worn and has no sentimental value. They have been called the three “ps”: parsimonious, perfectionistic, and punctual.

Front 93

Describe V codes

Back 93

six major groups: psychological factors affecting medical conditions, medication-induced movement disorders, other medication-induced disorders, relational problems, problems related to abuse or neglect, and other miscellaneous conditions

Front 94

Describe 13 problems fitting into
Other Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinical Attention

Back 94

The last group in this class of problems includes a heterogeneous collection of 13 problems that may be the focus of treatment

noncompliance with treatment, malingering,
adult antisocial behavior,
child or adolescent antisocial behavior,
borderline intellectual functioning,
age-related cognitive decline, bereavement,
academic problem,
occupational problem,
identity problem,
religious or spiritual problem, acculturation problem, and
phase of life problem).

Front 95

Describe posconcussional disorder

Back 95

ostconcussional syndrome, which occurs after head trauma that usually is sufficiently severe to result in loss of consciousness. Symptoms include headache, dizziness (usually lacking the features of true vertigo), fatigue, irritability, difficulty concentrating and performing mental tasks, memory impairment, insomnia, and reduced tolerance for stress, emotional excitement, and alcohol abuse.

Front 96

postschizophrenic depression is described as follows

Back 96

A depressive episode, which may be prolonged, arising in the aftermath of a schizophrenic illness. Some schizophrenic symptoms must still be present but no longer dominate the clinical picture. These persisting schizophrenic symptoms may be “positive” or “negative,” though the latter are more common. It is uncertain, and immaterial to the diagnosis, to what extent the depressive symptoms have merely been uncovered by the resolution of earlier psychotic symptoms (rather than being a new development) or are an intrinsic part of schizophrenia rather than a psychological reaction to it. They are rarely sufficiently severe or extensive to meet criteria for a severe depressive episode, and it is often difficult to decide which of the patient's symptoms are due to depression and which to neuroleptic medication or to the impaired volition and affective flattening of schizophrenia itself. This depressive disorder is associated with an increased risk of suicide.

Front 97

Describe simple deteriorative disorder

Back 97

In ICD-10, it is described as an uncommon disorder characterized by oddities of conduct, inability to meet the demands of society, blunting of affect, loss of volition, and social impoverishment. Delusions and hallucinations are not evident.

Front 98

Describe minor depressive disorder

Back 98

Minor depressive disorder is associated with comparatively mild symptoms, such as worry and over concern with minor autonomic symptoms (e.g., tremor and palpitations). Most cases never come to medical or psychiatric attention

Front 99

Describe reccurent brief depressive disorder

Back 99

In ICD-10, recurrent brief depressive disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of depression, each of which lasts less than 2 weeks (typically 2 to 3 days) and ends with complete recovery.

Front 100

Describe mixed anxiety and depressive disorder

Back 100

Mixed anxiety and depressive disorder is listed in ICD-10, where it is described as encompassing symptoms of both anxiety and depression, neither of which predominates.

Front 101

Describe factitious disorder by proxy

Back 101

This disorder, also known as Munchausen syndrome by proxy, is discussed in Chapter 19. In the disorder, parents feign illness in their children

Front 102

Describe dissociative trance disorder

Back 102

ICD-10 lists trance and possession disorders, in which a patient experiences temporary loss of both the sense of personal identity and full awareness of the surroundings. The disorders are involuntary or unwanted. In some cases, patients act as if taken over by another personality, spirit, or force.

Front 103

Describe binge-eating disorder

Back 103

It consists of recurrent episodes of binge eating without compensatory behavior, such as self-induced vomiting and laxative abuse.

Front 104

Describe axis III

Back 104

Axis III lists any physical disorder or general medical condition that is present in addition to the mental disorder. The physical condition may be causative (e.g., kidney failure causing delirium), the result of a mental disorder (e.g., alcohol gastritis secondary to alcohol dependence), or unrelated to the mental disorder. When a medical condition is causative or causally related to a mental disorder, a mental disorder caused by a general condition is listed on Axis I, and the general medical condition is listed on both Axis I and Axis III. In DSM-IV-TR's example—a case in which hypothyroidism is a direct cause of major depressive disorder—the designation on Axis I is mood disorder due to hypothyroidism with depressive features, and hypothyroidism is listed again on Axis III

Front 105

Difference between full remission and recovered?

Back 105

The differentiation of in full remission from recovered requires consideration of many factors, including the characteristic course of the disorder, the length of time since the last period of disturbance, the total duration of the disturbance, and the need for continued evaluation or prophylactic treatment.

Front 106

How record if past hx of disorder?

Back 106

DSM states that a past diagnosis of mental disorder can “be indicated by using the specifier Prior History (e.g., Separation Anxiety Disorder, Prior History, for an individual with a history of Separation Anxiety Disorder who has no current disorder or who currently meets criteria for Panic Disorder).

Front 107

With scales difference between dichotomous and continuous variables?

Back 107

di= two, true or false, present or absent
continuous = severity, range, frequency

Front 108

Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ... use mostly in what ds?

Back 108

This is a short scale used to measure the severity of psychiatric symptomotology. It has been used for decades as an outcome measure in treatment studies of schizophrenia. It is most useful for patients with fairly significant impairment

Front 109

Describe Sz Scales

Back 109

Scales for the Assessment of
Positive and Negatives Sx
SAPS, SANS,
PANSS: Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale

Quality of Life Scale (QLS)
Chestnut Lodge Prognostic Scale for Chronic Schizophrenia

Front 110

Scales used in moods?

Back 110

Beck Depression Inventory
Zung Self Rating Scale
PHQ-9
Montgomery-Asberg Scale
Mania Rating Scale
Manic State Rating Scale

Front 111

Child Scale?

Back 111

General reference for adult scales that have been modified for children