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16 Cards in this Set
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Political RoleThe members of the first Klan in the South were exclusively Democrats. The second Klan expanded with new chapters in cities in the Midwest and West, and reached both Republicans and Democrats |
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The Klan had numerous members in every part of the United States, but was particularly strong in the South and Midwest. At its peak, claimed Klan membership exceeded four million and comprised 20% of the adult white male population in many broad geographic regions, and 40% in some areas |
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The Indiana Klan was perhaps the most powerful Ku Klux Klan in the nation Catholic and liberal Democrats—who were strongest in northeastern cities—decided to make the Klan an issue at the 1924 Democratic National Convention in New York City. |
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Their delegates proposed a resolution indirectly attacking the Klan; it was defeated by one vote out of 1100. In some states, such as Alabama and California, KKK chapters had worked for political reform In 1924, Klan members were elected to the city council in Anaheim, California |
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Led by the minister of the First Christian Church, the Klan represented a rising group of politically oriented non-ethnic Germans who denounced the elite as corrupt, undemocratic and self-serving The Klan had about 1200 members in Orange County, California. The economic and occupational profile of the pro and anti-Klan groups shows the two were similar |
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The Klan representatives easily won the local election in Anaheim in April 1924.In the South, Klan members were still Democratic, as it was essentially a one-party region for whites |
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In Alabama, Klan members advocated better public schools, effective prohibition enforcement, expanded road construction, and other political measures to benefit lower-class white people By 1925, the Klan was a political force in the state and tried to build political power against the Black Belt wealthy planters, who had long dominated the state |
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In 1926, with Klan support, Bibb Graves won the Alabama governor's office. He was a former Klan chapter head. He pushed for increased education funding, better public health, new highway construction, and pro-labor legislation |
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Hugo Black "disliked the Catholic Church as an institution" and gave over 100 anti-Catholic speeches in his 1926 election campaign to KKK meetings across Alabama. Black was elected US senator in 1926 as a Democrat. In 1937 President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed Black to the Supreme Court without knowing how active in the Klan he had been in the 1920s. |
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Costume and cross burnings The distinctive white costume permitted large-scale public activities – especially parades and cross-burning ceremonies - while keeping secret the membership rolls. Sales of the costumes provided the main financing for the national organization |
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There were different ranks in the klan and the higher ranks wore different color costumes |
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The second Klan embraced the burning Latin cross as a dramatic display of symbolism, with a tone of intimidation.[121] No crosses had been used as a symbol by the first Klan. Additionally, the cross was a representation of the Klan's Christian message. Its lighting during meetings was often accompanied by prayer, |
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refer to their ritual as "cross lighting" rather than cross-burning and insist that their fires symbolize faith in Christ The idea of cross lightings were introduced by Thomas Dixon, Jr., in his novel, The Clansman, in 1905 |
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One of the characters in the book says "the old Scottish rite of the burning cross. It will send a thrill of inspiration to every clansmen in the hills." |
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By the 1920s, the KKK developed a women's auxiliary Its activities included participation in parades, cross lightings, lectures, rallies, and boycotts of local businesses owned by Catholics and Jews. |
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The Women's Klan was active in promoting prohibition, stressing liquor's negative impact on wives and children. Its efforts in public schools included distributing Bibles and petitioning for the dismissal of Roman Catholic teachersthe women's Klan worked to legitimate the violence and terrorism of the men's order |
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