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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What characteristics do all plants have?
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-multicellular
-photosynthetic -alternate between haploid and diploid generations -have male and female reproductive organs -have multi-cellular embryos |
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How long ago did plants colonize?
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plants colonized around 475 million years ago
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What problems can an aquatic organism overcome in order to live on land?
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-maintaining moisture
-obtaining nutrients from soil and air -supporting the body -dispersing offspring without water |
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What is the function of the waxy coating that plants are covered in?
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Plants are covered in a waxy coating that prevents water from crossing
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stomata
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small holes in plants where gases are exchanged
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What are the functions of roots?
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Roots provide anchorage in soil and absorb water and absorb minerals from the soil.
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What are mycorrhizae?
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(fungi)
Many roots are surrounded by mycorrhizae that aid in absorption |
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Why do stems contain leaves?
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Above ground, cells contain leaves to obtain CO2 and light from the atmosphere
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What is the function of vascular tissue?
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vascular tissue connects the roots and the leaves
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What is xylem?
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Xylem is made of dead cells and brings water and minerals up from the roots
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What is Phloem?
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Phloem is made of living cells that distributes sugars throughout the plant
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What supports the body?
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cell walls that contain lignin as well as cellulose to provide a rigid structure
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What are grains?
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Pines and flowering plants produce pollen grains that contain the sperm producing cells that can be carried by wind or animals
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What do ferns and mosses produce?
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Ferns and mosses produce spores (embryos without supporting cells)
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What are seeds?
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Pines and flowering plants produce seeds (embryos with supporting cells)
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What are Byrophytes?
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Byrophytes are seedless, non-vascular plants that lack true roots, leaves, and lignin.
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What do vascular plants have?
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Vascular plants have lignin and vascular tissue
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What do ferns have that makes them unique?
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Ferns have roots and leaves, but produces spores, not seeds
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What do gymnosperms produce?
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Gymnosperms produce seeds that are not produced in specialized chambers
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What do angiosperms produce?
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Angiosperms produce seeds in a specialized chamber (a flower)
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