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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Equilibrium |
Point at which concentration of of all reactants and products stop to change |
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Reaction rate |
Rate at which reactants are converted into products |
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Activated complex |
High energy arrangement of atoms |
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Concentration of reactants |
If one or more reactants are gaseous or in solution , reaction rate can be increased by increasing the concentration of reactants In cases of gases more pressure can be applied to do so |
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Surface area |
Only surface areas of solids and liquids can be increased to increase rate of reaction |
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Temperature |
Increase in temperature increases rate of reaction 10°C increase will double the rate of reaction |
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Nature of reactants |
Weaker bonds result in increased rate of reaction |
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Reversible reactions |
aA+bB= cC+dD Rate of forward reaction= rate of reverse reaction |
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Equilibrium constant |
K= [products]/[reactants] raised to the power of the coefficients Solids and liquids like water are not included |
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K>1 |
Forward reaction favored |
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K< 1 |
Reverse reaction favored |
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Le Châtelier's principle |
Equilibrium will be re-established and the equilibrium constant will remain the same even after the concentration of either of the reactants or products are increased |
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Effects of heat on equilibrium |
Cause an equilibrium shift and change the value of K |
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Le Châtelier's principle |
If some stress is placed on a reaction at equilibrium, then the equilibrium will shift in the direction that relieves the stress |
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Effect of pressure |
Pressure increase - the side with fewer moles |
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Effect of catalysts |
No effect |
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Solubility product constant |
The smaller the value of Ksp, the more insoluble it is |
