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136 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sagittal Plane
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Flexion and Extension occur in
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Translation
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A movement of linear motion where all parts of a rigid body move parallel and in the same direction as every other part of the body
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Osteokinematics
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Describes the motion of bones relative to the three cardinal planes of the body
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Glenohumeral
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Least stable joint in the body
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Neutral Zone
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The amount of movement in the joint before the ligaments become taut
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Joint Play
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The normal extensibility and pliability of the joint that is examined at its end range of normal rom
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Carrying Angle
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Increased lateral movement of forearm in females
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Frontal Plane
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Lateral Flexion occurs in
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Energy return and spread
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Due to the interosseous ligament in these joints they all exhibit
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Spheroidal
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Hip Joint
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Global Stablizers
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Muscles that are substituting for local stabilizers
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Ginglymus
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One degree of freedom
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Fibrous Joint
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The ankle mortice is a type of
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Atlas-Axis
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2 degrees of freedom
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Diathrodial
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Synovial
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Local Stabilizers
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The unseen muscles that do all the stablizing
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Global mobilizers
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The pretty muscles
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Passive Compression Strategy
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Always pathological
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Biomechanics
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Principles of physics on how forces interact the human body
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Creep/Hysteresis/Set
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The ability of collegenous tissue to elongate over a period of time when force is applied.
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Wrist Extension
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The close packed position of the wrist
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slide
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Also called Glide
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Roll
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Multiple points along one rotating articular surface contact multiple points on another articular surface
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Back Knee
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Genu Recurvatum
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Osteoporosis
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less bone but chemical composition is normal
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Open kinematic chain
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Throwing a ball
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Joint play
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Accessory movement
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Pronation of the foot
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Form closure
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close packed position
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Position of maximum joint congruency
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Active
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force closure
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convex on Concave Movement
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Typically involves a concurrent oppositely directed slide
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Arthrokinematics
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Describes the motion that occurs between articular surfaces of joints
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Concave on Convex movement
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Rolls and slides in the same direction
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Supination of foot
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External rotation of the tibia goes with
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Knock knees
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Genu Valgum
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Passive
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Form closure
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Closed kinematic chain
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stance phase of gait
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Bowed legs
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Genu Varum
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Knee extension
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The close packed position of the knee
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Spin
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Also called rock
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18 - 20 degrees
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The amount of dorsiflexion needed to perform athletically
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Patellar Stutter
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Weak quads (inhibited) or tight Hamstrings
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Deltoid Ligament
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Capsular ligament of the ankle
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10 - 12 degrees
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The amount of dorsiflexion needed to walk slowly on a flat surface
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Fad Pads
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More obvious in elbow fracture
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Ankylosis
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Fusion of Bones
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Mild inversion Sprain of ankle
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Torn anterior Talofibular ligament
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Acute locked back syndrome
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Meniscoid Entrapment
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Hyaline
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The slickest cartilage yet
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Labrum
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Serve to deepen the concave member of the joint
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Interbody
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This type of joint gets its nutrition through diffusion and imbibition
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Synovial Plica
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Slack overlapped pleats of tissue
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Moderate Inversion Sprain of ankle
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Torn anterior Talofibular ligament and Calcaneofibular ligament
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45 degrees
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Amount of planterflexion of ankle
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Proximal wrist and finger joints
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Rheumatoid Arthritis affects
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Medial collateral ligament of knee and medial meniscus
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Always torn together
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Infrapatellar Plica
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Filmy ligament
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Anterior Cruciate
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Third tissue damanged in Terrible Triad
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Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Launois deformity is seen in
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Partially devoid of oxygen
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Blood entering the lungs
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Rest of the the body
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Left side of heart sends arteries to the
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Knuckle
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Condyle
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Lungs
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Right side of heart sends arteries to the
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Spinoreticular tract
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The visceral response to pain
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Spheroidal
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Coxa
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Atlas-Axis
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Pivot Joint
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Hinge Joint
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Interphalangeal joints of the digits
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Veins
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These are responsible for returning blood to the heart
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DIP
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Placebo works through this tract
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Ellipsoid Joint
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Radiocarpal joint of the wrist
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Plane Joint
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Intertarsal joints
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Joint receptors and GTOs
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A beta and 1b fibers
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Pain fibers
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A delta and C fibers
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Spinothalamic
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Pain Tract
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Saddle Joint
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Trapeziometacarpel
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Condyloid Joint
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TMJ
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Capillary beds
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All oxygen exchange occurs here
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Type 1 Collagen
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Primary protein found in ligaments, fascia and joint capsules
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Simplified classification of joints
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Ovoid and Saddle
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Wolf's Law
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With mature bone
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GAGS
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Hydrophilic
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Elastin
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Found in cartiliage oft he ear
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Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
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Plastic man
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Manifestas/ Vern
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Most severe form of any disease
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Marfans
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Exhibit long limbs and spider like fingers
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Type 2 collagen
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Found in Hyaline cartilage
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Occulta
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Less severe from of any disease
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Storage Excretion
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A process where toxins and metabolic waste products accumulate in connective tissues
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True
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Immobilization is bad for joints
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Periosteum
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Bone skin
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Osteogenensis Imperfecta
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Brittle Bone Disease
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Basic materials that compose connective tissue
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Fibers, ground substance and cells
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10 - 20 years
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All new you in terms of bone
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Heuter-Volkmann Principle
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With immature bone
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Gibbus
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Acutely angled kyphosis - one compression fracture
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Rickets
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Little Ricky
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Osteomalacia
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Deficiency in Vitamin D adult form
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Flexors
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Decreased Joint Angle
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Extensors
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Increased joint Angle
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Slow Oxidative Fibers
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Thick pretty muscles are mostely
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Transverse Tubules
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Where the action potential continues through the muscle
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Rigor mortis
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When there is no ATP to break the myosin cross bridge
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Calcium
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The ion ultimately responsible for a muscle contraction
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Motor Unit
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The nerve and all the muscle fibers it innervates
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Troponin
Tropomyosin |
Located on the actin filament
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Epimysium
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Surrounds the entire muscle
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Muscle
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Constitutes 40 -50 % of total body weight
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Sarcostyles
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Myobrils
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Endomysium
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Surrounds the entire muscle
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Soleus
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Muscle that lies underneath the gastrocnemius
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Sarcolemma
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Muscle cell membrane
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Sarcoplasm
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Muscle cytoplasm
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Myosin
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Thick filaments
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Huxley
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Responsible for the sliding filament model
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2 ATP
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A single power stroke requires
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Transverse tubules
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Where the action potential continues through the muscle
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Sacroplasmic Reticulum
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Storage sites for calcium
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Legg-Calve Perthe's
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Necrosis of the femoral head
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Developmental Dysplasia
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Lazy parents that dont hold their child or cant stand to let them cry end up with this problem.
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Paresis
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Voluntary muscle weakness
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Plegia
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Complete loss of motor control
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DJD
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Scelerosis, loss of joint space, Osteophyte production
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Early indicator of hip disease
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Capsular patterns
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Quadriplegia
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Affects all four extermities
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Trendelenburg
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Weak G-medius
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Coxa
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Hip
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Iliofemoral ligament
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Thickest and strongest ligament in the body
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Acetabulum is formed by
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Ilium, Pubis, Ischium
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Congenital hip dislocation
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Hip is frankly dislocated at birth
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Ortolanis
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Test for hip in infants
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SCFE
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Femoral head (slips) with respect to the femur
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Laseque's Differential
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Differentiate hip pathlogy that could result in sciatic like pain
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Hip Rotation Test
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Supine test of Gait
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Paraplegia
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Lesions below the cervical enlargement
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Femur
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Longest strongest bone in the body
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Innominate
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Nameless
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