Kines 360 Exam 1

Front 1

Top looks more like a brain while the bottom looks more like cauda equina

Back 1

Medulla

Front 2

Important for motor coordination - Affected by alcohol

Back 2

Cerebellum

Front 3

Important for memory - affected by alcohol

Back 3

Hippocampus

Front 4

Takes information to & from periphery

Back 4

Spinal Cord

Front 5

Recognition and interpretation (language) - includes Amygdala & Hippocampus

Back 5

Temporal lobe

Front 6

Important for motor control

Back 6

Central Sulcus

Front 7

Planning & Judgement

Back 7

Frontal Lobe

Front 8

Attention & Memory

Back 8

Parietal Lobe

Front 9

Vision

Back 9

Occipital Lobe

Front 10

Lesions in white matter

Back 10

Stroke

Front 11

Contains fat, Huge part of our brain

Back 11

White Matter

Front 12

Allows the left & right brain to work together - Decides which side of the brain controls what

Back 12

Corpus Callosum

Front 13

Carries information from eyes to visual system

Back 13

Optic Nerve

Front 14

Controls eye movement

Back 14

Oculomotor, Trochlear, and Abducens

Front 15

Hearing, Balance

Back 15

Vestibulocochlear

Front 16

Heart rate & Digestion

Back 16

Vagus

Front 17

Trapezius & Sternocleidomastoid, Swallowing

Back 17

Accessory

Front 18

Automatically make movements

Back 18

Spinal Pattern Generators

Front 19

What are the meninges of the brain in order from the brain to the skull?

Back 19

Pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater

Front 20

Maintains chemical environment

Back 20

Astrocytes

Front 21

Form myelin sheaths

Back 21

Oligodendrocytes

Front 22

Form myelin in the peripheral nervous system

Back 22

Schwann Cells

Front 23

Macrophages

Back 23

Microglia

Front 24

Selectively allows some ions to pass through specific ion channels

Back 24

Semipermeable Membrane

Front 25

An "all or none" signal that forms the basis of neural functioning

Back 25

Action Potential

Front 26

Cell insulation that allows saltatory conduction

Back 26

Myelin

Front 27

Must be present in presynaptic neuron - Must be released in response to presynaptic depolarization AND this release must be dependent on calcium - specific receptors must be present on postsynaptic cell

Back 27

Neurotransmitter

Front 28

Localized origin of cell bodies, extensive distribution of axons

Back 28

Brain Systems

Front 29

Motor control, Motivation, Reward, Reinforcement

Back 29

Dopamine

Front 30

Sleep/Wakefulness, Attention, Feeding behavior

Back 30

Norepinephrine

Front 31

Sleep/Wakefulness (Benadryl -> Sedative)

Back 31

Histamine

Front 32

Sleep/Wakefulness (Depression/Anxiety)

Back 32

Seratonin

Front 33

Transmitter at neuromuscular junction - Important for memory (Inhibitory-in brain)

Back 33

Acetylcholine

Front 34

Major excitatory neurotransmitter in brain and spinal cord

Back 34

Glutamate

Front 35

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter in brain

Back 35

GABA

Front 36

Can be excitatory or inhibitory on their targets - Important in attentional regulation, motor control, and DA is functional in some psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia

Back 36

Catecholamines

Front 37

Catecholamines

Back 37

Dopamine and Norepinephrine

Front 38

Functional in sleep wake cycles and depression - SSRI’s selective serotonin uptake inhibitors (Prozac) - Monoamineoxidase inhibitors prevent break down of catecholamines and serotonin

Back 38

Serotonin

Front 39

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter in spinal cord

Back 39

Glycine

Front 40

Brings Vm away from threshold

Back 40

IPSP's

Front 41

Brings Vm toward threshold

Back 41

EPSP's

Front 42

allow passive movement of ions across the membrane (current)
in order to REALIZE the membrane potential

Back 42

Ion Channels

Front 43

the voltage at which Na+ inflow exactly
equals K+ outflow

Back 43

Treshold Voltage

Front 44

Project information from sensory receptors to the
spinal cord and brainstem

Back 44

First Order Sensory Neurons

Front 45

Passive conductance (epsp)
resulting from stimulation of sensory receptor

Back 45

Generator Potential

Front 46

Fast Transmitting (Aβ 6–12 μm)
Deep Pressure, Vibration
Rapidly Adapting

Back 46

Pacinian Corpuscle

Front 47

Fast Transmitting (Aβ 6–12 μm)
Skin Stretch
Slowly Adapting

Back 47

Ruffini’s Corpuscle

Front 48

Fast Transmitting (Aβ 6–12 μm)
Light Touch, Pressure
Slowly Adapting

Back 48

Merkel’s Disk

Front 49

High resolution touch
Vibration
Proprioception

Back 49

Dorsal Column System

Front 50

Pain and Temperature

Back 50

Spinothalamic System

Front 51

cell bodies in
VPL or VPM
Thalamus and
project to
somatosensory
cortex

Back 51

Third Order Neurons