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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How long does short term memory typically last?
and for Mike Sandlin how long? |
30 seconds for a normal indiv.
10 seconds for Mr. Sandlin |
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When is long term memory fully developed by?
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around 2 years old
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When is short term memory fully developed by?
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6 months old
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Another name for short term memory is?
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Working memory
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Another name for long term memory is?
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Motor program
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Primitive reflex -
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infants instinct for survival and protection.
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Postural reflex -
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provide infant with the ability to react to gravitational forces and changes in equilibrium.
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Locomotor reflex -
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associated with climbing, walking, swimming, etc.
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Reflexes are important for:
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* Stimulating the cns & Muscles
*infant survival * its used as a diagnostic tool for assessing neurological maturity |
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Primitive reflexes -
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* Sucking
* rooting(search) * moro(startle) * grasping * tonic neck * babinski |
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Sucking reflex -
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babies can swallow and breathe at the same time
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Rooting(search) reflex -
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- touching a babies cheek causes them to automatically turn their head in that direction
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Moro(startle) reflex -
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Sandlin does to us
* babies open their arms wide when startled |
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Grasping reflex -
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it grabs whatever is in their hand
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Tonic neck reflex -
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if baby is flat on back and you turn their head one way the hand on that side will extend out to the side.
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Babinski reflex -
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stroking the foot causes toes to fan out(opposite of what we do now)
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Postural reflexes -
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*Pull-up
*parachute |
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pullup reflex -
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baby will give you a senstation that they're trying to pull up if you give them something to grab.
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parachute reflex -
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if you pick up the baby and lower them really quickly their arms and legs will fan out as if to brace for impact
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Swimming reflex -
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arms & legs do involuntary swimming motion & babies also hold their breath if you place them underwater
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Stepping(walking) reflex -
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dangle baby above ground his feet will move in the same motion as if he were walking on ground.
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Rudimentary behavior -
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*voluntary movement
*from birth - 2 years old *as the infants neurological system matures there is a gradual increase in voluntary motor behavior movements. |
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Development follows a very predicatable sequence:
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1. Postural control
2. rudimentary behavior 3. manual control |
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Factors that can affect growth and development:
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Prenatally
a. maternal(internal factors) b. external(environment factors) Postnatally a. nutrition b. physical activity |
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The baby is protected by the placenta, however it isnt impervious to the outside environment.
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Compared to 20 years ago, girls are having babies much later in life
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Women over 35 years old and under 16 have a greater risk of getting a baby with a birth defect, prematurity, and/or low birth weight
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older women have a greater risk of having children with downs syndrome
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optimum age for childbearing is 22-29
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if the mother is deficient in the nutrients the fetus needs, the developing infant may take more Ca from the mothers skeletal system and teeth.
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child bearing mothers who have poor nutrition can have:
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*low birth weight/size
*prematurity *less myelin and brain cells formed *skeletal growth retardation *below normal motor and neurological developement *poor mental functioning |
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Other factors that can affect pregnancy:
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*smoking (hypoxia)
* drug use (illegal and OTC) *STD's, HIV, and other common infections *radiation |
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genetic abnormalities (internal factor)
* each year 125,000 (3-5% newborns) are born with a genetic abnormality |
*Down Syndrome (most common)
a. mental retardation and motor development b.heart defects and short hands/feet c. distinctively abnormal facial features *1 in 400 births have downs syndrome and after age 40 its 1 in 100 *there is 3 chromosomes at 21 |
