Kine 2020 - Gagliese Material

Front 1

What is health

Back 1

Health is social, mental and physical well-being, not merely the absence of disease.

Front 2

What is wellness?

Back 2

Wellness is optimal health and vitality.

Front 3

Today we are more likely to die from ____________ diseases. Up to the early 1900's we were likely to die from infectious diseases like: (List Three)

Back 3

Chronic. Tuberculosis, Pneumonia, Influenza

Front 4

What is a health behavior?

Back 4

A health behavior is an action undertaken to enhance or inhibit health.

Front 5

What are the three levels of prevention?

Back 5

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary

Front 6

What factors affect whether a health behavior will be performed?

Back 6

SES, Age,Health locus of control, Perceived Benefit, Stress, Age, Self Efficacy

Front 7

What are the components to the theory of reasoned action?

Back 7

Subjective norm + Attitude = Intention = Behavior

Front 8

What are the stages of change?

Back 8

Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance, Relapse.

Front 9

What are the stages of HPA axis and what hormones are released?

Back 9

Hypothalumus released CRH, Pituitary Gland Released ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), Adrenal Gland releases Cortisol. The sympathetic Nervous system releases catecholamines and epinephrine.

Front 10

What is the function of Locus Coeruleus?

Back 10

The locus Coeruleus releases nor epinephrine and modulates the autonomic nervous system. It is known as the "pacemaker of the brain"

Front 11

Chronic stress (allostatic load) causes?

Back 11

Immune Suppression, Type II diabetes, heart disease, obesity, cognitive impairment

Front 12

How does regular exercise affect stress levels?

Back 12

Regular exercise seems to lower the HPA stress response.

Front 13

According to Selye, what is the triad response to stress?

Back 13

Stress causes a triad of responses:
1) Enlarged Adrenal Glands
2) Shrinking of thymus and lymph nodes
3) GI Bleeding

Front 14

What is the general adaptation syndrome?

Back 14

A general stressor leads to a specific response:

Alarm Stage
Resistance Stage
Exhaustion Stage

Front 15

According to Lazarus (1966), what is his appraisal theory?

Back 15

Stress is the combination of primary appraisal (stressor) and secondary appraisal (coping abilities). If stressor is greater than coping abilities, then an individual will feel stressed.

Front 16

What is a stress modulator?

Back 16

A stress modulator are internal and external resources that affect how stress is perceived.

Front 17

Provide an example of a stress modulator.

Back 17

Control

Front 18

What did Visintainer and Seligman (1983) find in their study with rats injected with tumor cells?

Back 18

Only 50% of the escapable shock and control developed tumors whereas, 73% of the inescapable shock rats developed tumors.

Front 19

What was the outcome of the executive monkey study? How was the study flawed?

Back 19

The executive monkey's died within 3 months. There was no random assignment to groups, nor was there a control group.

Front 20

what did Weiss (1968) find with their rats and shocking?

Back 20

Weiss found that the escapable shock and control group had the same response, whereas the inescapable shock group got sicker.

Front 21

What did Bartrop et al (1977) find out about stress and immune function? (widowed men versus control experiment)

Back 21

Bartrop found that stress doesn't reduce the amount of immune cells, but reduces the responsiveness of the cells.

Front 22

What did Cohen et al. (1991) find out about stress, immunity and infectious illness? (inhalation of saline or virus)

Back 22

Stress and negative mood can increase likelihood of getting sick.

Front 23

What did Kiecolt-Glaser et al. (1995) find about stress and wound healing in Caregiver's of alzheimers patients?

Back 23

Researchers found that stress hormone elevations slows wound healing.

Front 24

Padgett et al. (1998) found that X amount of corticosterone in stressed versus non stressed rats. Punch biopsy + wound healing.

Back 24

4.5 times more corticosterone levels than control group.

Front 25

What are the 5 steps to wellness/self actualization?

Back 25

Realism, Acceptance, Autonomy, Capacity for intimacy, Creativity.

Front 26

What is a Type A personality? What is a toxic core? What is a Type B personality?

Back 26

Type A personality: aggressive, hostile, competitive, schedule driven.
Toxic Core: quick tempered, angered easily, untrustworthy in others
Type B: calm, laid back, relaxed, easy go attitude.

Front 27

What is hardiness? What are the three C's?

Back 27

Hardiness is the ability to reappraise potential stressors into something manageable. Control, Committment, Challenge.

Front 28

Define the following: simple phobia, social phobia, Panic Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder.

Back 28

Simple Phobia: (most common) fear of something definite
Social Phobia:
fear of humiliation/embarrassment
Panic Disorder:
unexpected surges in anxiety with physical symptoms, leads to agoraphobia
GAD: fear of no specifc threat, inability to stop worrying, co morbid with depression

Front 29

Differentiate between an obsession and a compulsion.
What is PTSD?

Back 29

An obsession is recurrent thoughts. A compulsion is a recurrent action.
PTSD or post traumatic stress disorder is recurrent thoughts and images of a traumatic event. Sleep disturbances; co morbid with depression and anxiety.

Front 30

What is dysthymia?

Back 30

Dysthymia is depression that has persisted for two years

Front 31

What is bipolar disorder?

Back 31

Alternating periods of mania and depression.

Front 32

What are the symptoms of schizophrenia?

Back 32

Delusions, hallucinations, formal thought disturbance, anhedonia, slow movements

Front 33

What are the 4 types of schizophrenia?

Back 33

Paranoid, Catatonic, Disorganized, undifferentiated.