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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The balance in the body between amounts of energy consumed and expended
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Energy Balance |
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Energy Intake of Carbohydrates |
4 kcal/gram |
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Energy Intake of Protein |
4 kcal/gram |
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Energy Intake of Fat |
9 kcal/gram |
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Energy intake of Alcohol |
7 kcal/gram |
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Basal Metabolic Rate |
A clinical measure of resting energy expenditure performed upon awakening, 10 to 12 hours after eating, and 12 to 18 hours after significant physical activity. Often used interchangeably with RMR.
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A balance of energy intake and output that results in little or no change in weight over time
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Energy Equilibrium |
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The use of calories or energy for basic body functions, physical activity, and processing of consumed foods.
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Energy Output |
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The minimum energy needed to maintain basic physiological functions
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Resting Energy Expenditure (RMR extrapolated to 24 hours) |
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The total of the resting energy expenditure (REE), energy used in physical activity, and energy used in processing food (TEF); usually expressed in kilocalories per day.
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Total Energy Expenditure |
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The waist measurement; as a marker of abdominal fat content, it can be used to indicate health risks.
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Waist Circumfrence |
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A hormone produced by adipose cells that signals the amount of body fat content and influences food intake.
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Leptin |
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Excess storage of fat located primarily in the buttocks and thighs. Also called gynecoid obesity
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Gynoid Obesity |
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BMI Equation |
Body Weight (In KG) / Square of height (In meters) expressed in kg/m^2 |
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Excess storage of fat located primarily in the abdominal area.body fat distribution — The pattern of fat distribution on the body.
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Android Obesity |
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The portion of the body exclusive of stored fat, including muscle, bone, connective tissue, organs, and water.
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Lean Body Mass |
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Feeling of satisfaction and fullness that terminates a meal
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Satiation |
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The effect of a food or meal that delays subsequent intake. Feeling of satisfaction and fullness following eating that quells the desire for food.
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Satiety |
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Produced by stomach and hypothalamus, Increases during fasting and decreases by the presence of nutrients in the stomach
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Grelin |
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The output of energy associated with fidgeting, maintenance of posture, and other minimal physical exertions is
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Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis (NEAT) |
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occurs when energy intake is lower than energy expenditure, resulting in a depletion of body energy stores and weight loss.
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Negative Energy Balance |
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is a clinical measure of resting energy expenditure performed three to four hours after eating or performing significant physical activity.
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Resting Metabolic Rate |
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the energy used to digest, absorb, and metabolize energy-yielding foodstuffs. It constitutes about 10 percent of total energy expenditure but is influenced by various factors.
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Thermic Effect of Food |
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he thermic effect of 900-Kcalorie meal is about how many Kcalories
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90 kcal (10%) |
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What does the Harris Benedict Equation Measure? |
Determines your total daily energy expenditure (calories). The BMR formula uses the variables of height, weight, age and gender to calculate the Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR).
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A person is underweight if they have a BMI of less than.... |
18.5 kg/m^2 |
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Obesity due to an above-average number of fat cells is called
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Hypercellular Obesity |
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A person is overweight if they have a BMI of over... |
25 kg/m^2 but less than 30 kg/m^2 |
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Obesity is when a person has a BMI of over... |
30 kg/m^2 |
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Obesity due to an increase in both the size and number of fat cells is called
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Hyperplasia |
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Weight Cycling |
Repeated periods of weight gain and loss |
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Obesity due to an increase in the size of fat cells is
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Hypertrophic Obesity |
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What is the BMI range for normal weight? |
Between 18 and 25 kg/m^2 |
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ets supplying 400 to 800 kilocalories per day that include adequate high-quality protein, little or no fat, and little carbohydrate are called
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Very Low Calorie Diets |
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The adoption of healthful and sustainable eating and exercise behaviors that reduce disease risk and improve well-being is
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Weight Management |
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occurs when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, resulting in an increase in body energy stores and weight gain.
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Positive Energy Balance |
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is the chemical or anatomical composition of the body. It is commonly defined as the proportions of fat, muscle, bone, and other tissues in the body |
Body Composition |
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5 risks associated with being over weight*** |
Heart Disease/Stroke Diabetes Cancer Sleep Apnea Osteoarthritis |
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What forms does your body store excess Kcalories when you are in a state of positive energy balance? Under what circumstances is a positive energy balance not only healthy, but also necessary?*****
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When you take in more energy than you need, you have a positive energy balance and you store the surplus as fat and as glycogen. Pregnancy, growing children, and anyone who is in need of weight gain require a positive energy balance.
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How does your body obtain fuel for its energy needs if you are in negative energy balance?***
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When you take in less energy than you need, you have a negative energy balance. To obtain fuel, your body uses stores of glycogen and fat (and breaks down body protein, too, if the deficit is extreme).
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Measurement of body density |
Densitometry |
