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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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NEP:
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new economic policy. comes immdiately after civil war. temporary messaure to get russia back on its feet. a little bit of capitalism in order to get to full of connumism. can't get rid oof private property. Russia did extremely well with NEP. they recover from the economy problems. when stalin takes over he ends nep. had to do this becauseof economy: horrible because of wars (russian japan war, world war 1, civil war). industry, economics, private property- seized excess land from nobles. NEP allowed surrounding peasants to keep land they seized. BUT lenin will requisition some of the produce. Not allowed to be a billionaire in this process but allowed prosperous. NEP: was good for farmers in Ukrain and Kakhsitan. They thrive in it because they are able to sell surplus. Farmers get more money.
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1922
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In 1922 it is the birth of the USSR, constitution written "most democratic constitution in the world."
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lenin
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comes to power in october. He promised he would bring peace. Lenin got Russia out of World war 1 by giving away some of ukraine land(bread basket) only a little later he is now in the civil war. Which is bolsheviks against everyone else. Red vs. white. Russia was then in the work economic they have ever been in. Only one party was allowed. he creates NEP. Lenin dies in 1924 and says to not allow stalin to have power.
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Stalin
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while lenin was having his strokes, stalin was really the one in power. 1924-1928 Stalin is very quick to take over power right after Lenin dies.Stalin creates an alliance with ziniev, jamenev, bukharin. so everyone would be against trotsky. Power under USSR constitution is given to head to communist party not prime minister. Stalin has complete power 1928-1939. Stalin put in Marx System. He wants to get rid of rich peasant.
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Contenders for pOwer after lenin:
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zinoviev, kamenev, bukharin, trotsky. Everyone thought that trotsky would be in power because he was in charge of the red army. Trotsky is sent to exile
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Purges
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Lenin creates it. it was first a party then an army. o kill/get rid of anyone who believes is a enemy. Starts in his own party.
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Gosplan:
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plans the five year plan.
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Kolkhoz:
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collective farms
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Five year plan:
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industrialize, collectivize arigultural, and we want to eliminate the Kulaks (wealthier peasants)
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Kulaks
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: well to do peasents.
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Bukharin
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did not agree with Stalins five year plan.He warns Stalin of the peasants. Peasents aren't going to just hand over land to you. He tries to get the leadership to understand that there will be a problem if you get rid of NEP He said that stalin risked provoking peasantry, who was accustomed to NEP. Stalin pugs Bukharin.
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Marshal Tukhachevskyz
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a general who led the red army to victory in the civil war. A lot of of the military was purged.
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Gulags
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served as a way to gin control over the entire population rather then punish ciminal acts. Punishment of crime vs. control. Economicinnocent people are in the camps.It was made to deal with people accused of a range of crimes, ranging from theft to political opposition camps. it would help re-educate criminal. the government recognized economic benefits of forced labor and the camp system.
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In 1939:
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Hilter and Stalin create a pack. Germany says they will not attack soviet union and the other way around
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Secret Clause:
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1939 plan they said never existed. when Germany invades poland the russian army can come in and occupy east. They are going to divide Poland.
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Opeartion Barbossa 1941
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: Nazi Germany invades Soviet Union. They did not calculate this correctly. Russia had advanced a lot. They make it to leningard, moscow, staligrad. with little to no resistance. Lenigrad fights back. But then stalin holds up the greatest resistance into; the german commarade defies a direct order fro, Hiltler.
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Post WWI:
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STalin gains control of eastern Europe. when stalin dies cold war has begun.
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German advance to moscow
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Germans advanced to Moscow, Leningrad, and Stalingrad. Hitler did not think well of Leningrad. Lenigrad was beautiful and intro to Europe.It was the cultural center of europe. Germans begin to destroy Leningrad. After Stalin side retreated Stalin had to become okay with defeat. he did not want to give lenigrad to germany. On september 8th lenigrad suffered a lot of german bombs. They completed covered all of leningrad. Red army tried to break through.
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zhdanov
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Stalin invited zhdanov to help him. He was directed to lead the soviet union cultural policy. Zhdanovs death was convienient for stalin. they think stalin has something to do with it
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Lenigrad affair:
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secret police senselessly arrested hundreds of officials that were in the communist party of the soviet union. they wanted to create an anti-Soviet organization based in leningrad. Stalin got rid of the leaders of leningrad
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Khrushchev: 1956:
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addresses central community of communist party together. He addresses all of the crimes that Stalin caused and he does not want any of them to occur again. he is mostly talking about the purges that Stalin caused. Stalin tried to get rid of anyone who disagreed with him. he took power after Stalin died. It took him about 3 years to really have complete power. he said were done with purges. speech was suppose to be secret but its leaked. people think cold war is ending.
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Polarization:
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when a extreme opinion is stated first, those with different opinion tend to shif view point. group thinking.
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Gorbechev
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1989-1991: allows the gulags to end.
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1968: bRezhnevs
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doctrine: anywhere in eastern europe where there is a threat to a communist government. we reserve the right to put troops in and fight to protect the communist government
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Beria:
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in charge of police system: he says the economic of gulags is not working. starts to close down camps
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