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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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vertebra
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individual segment of a backbone
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agnathan
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earliest fish; had backbone but no jaws or paired fins
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acanthodian
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early fish; first to exhibit jaws
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cartilage
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strong, lightweight, flexible connective tissue
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terrestrial
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term that describes an organism witht eh ability to live on land
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thecodont
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extinct crocodilelike reptile from which the dinosaurs evolved
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Pangaea
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the single supercontinent of the triassic period that included all presently know continents
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ectothermic
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referring to an animal whose body temperature is determined by the temperature of the environment
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endothermic
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refers to an animal that gernerates its own body heat
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therapsid
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extinct order of reptiles thought to be endothermic that likely gave rise to mammals
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gill filament
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fingerlike projection from a gill where respiratory gases enter and leave the blood
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gill slit
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opening at the rear of a fish's cheek cavity where water exits
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countercurrent flow
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arrangement in fish repiratory system where water going over the gills and blood in the gill filaments flows in opposite directions
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nephron
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tubelike structure in the kidneys that filters wastes from the body and retains useful molecules; also regulates the bodys salt and water balances
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lateral line
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specialized sensory system running the length of both sides of a fish's body
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Operculum
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hard plate that covers the gills on each side of the head of bony fishes
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Swim bladder
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the gas-filled sac of bony fishes used to regulate their buoyancy
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Teleost
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group of bony fishes with highly mobile fins, thin scales, a swim bladder, and symmetrical tails; largest group of living fish
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Lung
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internal, baglike respiratory organ of a vertebrate that enables gas exchange between the air and the blood
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Pulmonary vein
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vessel taht carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart
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septum
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thick wall that divides the hearts atrium or ventricle into right and left halves
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