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61 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Plymouth Colony
Who: English separatists also known as Pilgrims, named by Captain John Smith
Where: Venture to North America from 1620-1691. Plymouth, Massachusetts.
What: First sizable English settlement in New England region.
Significance: Known as the first Thanksgiving, also a place of religious beliefs.
Mayflower Compact 1620
Who: The pilgrims from Plymouth Rock.
Where: Crossed the Atlantic, aboard the Mayflower.
Significance: Seeking the freedom to practice Christianity according to their wishes of the English Church.
Headright System
Who: Virginia Company of London
Where: Jamestown, Virginia
What: Attempt to solve labor shortages, due to the trade of tobacco.
Significance: Increased the division between the wealthy landowners and the working poor.
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut 1639
Who: Connecticut Colony
Where: Connecticut River towns
What: A compromise for use of shared land between colonies.
Significance: Is considered by some as the first written Constitution in the Western tradition.
Mercantilism
Who: Economic Theory
Where: Early modern period
What: The prosperity of a nation is dependent upon its supply of the capital, and that the global volume of international trade is "unchangeable."
Significance: It has somewhat of an influence on modern life today, but mainly has disappeared throughout time.
Triangular Trade
Who: West Africa, the Caribbean, or American colonies and the European
What: Indicating trade among three ports or regions.
Where: Across the ocean
Significance: the trade of cash crops like sugar, tobacco and copper.
The Great Awakening
Who: Protestant Reformation
Where: Revival in Anglo-American history.
What: Revivalism of Christianity.
Significance: Influence on political life.
Iron Act 1750
Who: Legislative measures by the British Parliament
Where: Great Britain
What: Restricting manufacturing activities in British colonies.
Significance: Made people have to
Indentured Servants
Who: Irish, Scottish, English and Germans.
What: Unlike a slave, they were only required to work for the specified limit in their contract.
Where: North America, The Caribbean, Australia, Pacific and Indian Ocean.
Significance: Has had influence on the indentured servitude of modern day uses, not for good.
George Washington
Who: Commander of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War and served as the First president of the United States of America. Often referred to as the father of America.
What: A founding father, dealt with foreign affairs and Acts.
Where: Mount Vernon, private estate.
Significance: “Father of his country”, also referred to as the man on the one-dollar bill.
Proclamation of 1763
Who: Issued by King George III, toward the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War.
Where: Quebec, West Florida, East Florida, and Grenada.
What: The Royal Proclamation ceased to be law in the United States following the American Revolution.
Significance: To organize Great Britain's new Native North Americans through regulation to trade, settlement, and land purchases on the western frontier.
Salutary Neglect
Who: British
What: Policy avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws, which were meant to keep the American colonies obedient to Great Britain.
Where: The emergence separated from Great Britain
Significance: Used to enforce the English policies of the Seven Years' War
Stamp Act 1765
Who: Tax imposed by the British Parliament
What: Seen as a violation of the right of Englishmen
Where: Territory of New France.
Significance: Help for troops stationed in North America following the British Victory in the Seven Years' War.
Stamp Act Congress
Who: House of Representatives,
What: Trail to jury, a right of self-taxation, and reducing admiralty courts.
Where: Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia, and New Hampshire and those from New York were delegates of particular counties within the colony.
Significance: Parliament had the authority to regulate trade it could be constructed as an admission that an external tax to raise revenue was acceptable.
Sons of Liberty
Who: American patriots.
What: Secret organization
Where: Thirteen colonies during the American Revolution
Significance: Later societies such as during the American Civil War
Committees of Crrespondence
Who: Part of the Thirteen Colonies before the American Revolutionary war.
What: Established in Boston, opposition to the Currency Act
Where: Massachusetts, Virginia, Pennsylvania, and North Carolina
Significance: prompted the colonies to form Committees of Correspondence.
Boston Mssacre
Who: British Troops
What: deaths of five civilians.
Where: Yankees-Red Sox rivalry
Significance: Events such as the Tea Act and ensuring the Boston Tea Party were examples of the crumbling relationship between Britain and the colonies.
Intolerable (coercive) Acts 1774
Who: British Parliament
What: Parliamentary authority that began by the Stamp Act 1765
Where: Britain’s colonies in North America
Significance: Response to Boston Tea Party,
Second Continental Congress 1775
Who: Thirteen colonies
What: raising armies, directing strategy, appointing diplomats, and making formal treaties.
Where: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Significance: Soon leading into the Declaration of Independence
Northwest Ordinance
Who: Congress of Confederation.
What: creation of organized territory
Where: Untied States
Significance: Soon banning slavery in the territory had the effect of establishing the Ohio River ad the boundary between free and slave territory in the region between the Appalachian Mts. and the Mississippi River.
Declaration of Independence
Who: Continental Congress, written primarily by Thomas Jefferson
What: Independent from Great Britain, outbreak to American Revolutionary War.
Where: Washington D.C.
Significance: Justified the independence of the U.S, stating human rights.
Shays Rebellion
Who: Farmers angered by what they felt to be crushing debt and taxes.
What: Failure to repay such debts often resulted in imprisonment in debtor's prisons or the claiming of property by the Country.
Where: Central and Western Massachusetts
Significance: Finical crisis, demanded payment in gold and silver.
Implied Powers (Elastic Clause)
Who: The Air Force as an implied power because the constitution did not give the power of the Air Force to the federal government.

Where: Maryland
What: Elastic Clause in Section 8 of Article 1 of the U.S.
Significance: political idea expressed in some of the European Union decisions.
(Elastic
Common Sense
Who: Thomas Paine
What: Powerful argument for independence from Britain rule
Where: UK
Significance: To gain independence from Britain to US
Great Compromise
Who: House of Representatives.
What: Agreement between large and small states reached during Philadelphia Convention of 1787, in part determining the legistalative structure and representation that each state would have under the U.S. Constitution.
Where: Connecticut.
Significance: This proposal was known as the Virginia Plan, relation to Articles of Confederation.
Stamp Act
Where: Netherlands, then enforced in other areas around the world.
What:A law enacted by the government that requires a tax to be paid on the transfer of certain documents.
When: 1624
Who: Colonists
Significance: New methods for the development of adhesive stamps.
Decloratory Act
What: Stated that the parliament had the right to make laws for the colonies.
Where: During America's colonial period.
Who: Parliament of Great Britain.
When: 1766
Significance: Seen as the predecessor for future acts, further incite of anger.
Quartering Act
What: Parliament of Great Britain
Where: American Colonies
When: 1765
Who: By British forces
Significance: Stated in Declaration of Independence, follows in for Third Amendement of the U.S. Constution.
Townshend Act
What: To raise revenue, in paying governors and judges.
Where: British Colonies in North America.
When:1767
Who: Parliament of Great Britain
Significance: Prompting the Boston Massacre, allowed East India Company to trade.
Boston Massacre
What: An incident killing five civilians, causing a legal aftermath.
Where: Boston
When: 1770
Who: British troops
Significance: Yankees-Red Sox rivalry, helped spark the American Revolution
Tea Act
What: Keeping people from smuggling trade goods for the East Indian Company
Where: America and India
When: passed 1773
Who: Parliament of Great Britain
Significance: Leading to the Boston Tea Party.
Boston Tea Party
What: Colonists protests
Where: colony of Massachusetts, Boston.
Who: Samuel Adams helped organize the rebellion, against the British government.
When: 1773
Significance: Referenced in protests, such as Gandi's revolt.
Coercive Acts
What: Resistance of the Thirteen colonies to
Where: British colonies in North America.
When: 1774
Who: passed by the British Parliament
Significance: Creation of the independence of the United States of America.
Mutiny Act
What:Military control on Society.
Where:
When: originally passed in 1689
Who: British Parliament
Significance: They were amendments that added quartering requirements for British troops in the American Colonies.
Samuel Adams
What: Political philosopher
Where: Boston
When: Involved in the Bristish Parliament in 1768.
Who: Leader of the American Revolution. Graduate of Harvard.
Significance: One of the Founding Fathers of the United States.
King William's War
What: First of the French and Indian War.
Where: Dominion of New England
Who:England, France, and American Indians.
When: June 1689
Significance: Treaty of Ryswick in 1697, which led to peace among the colonial borders, didn't last long and soon lead to Queen Anne's war.
Queen Anne's War
What: Second of the French and Indian War's.
Where: Hudson Bay
When: 1702-1713
Who: France and England and later Great Britain. also American Indians.
Significance: Independence of the Indian tribe of Iroquois. Britain gained territory.
Peace of Utrecht
What: Peace treaties.
Where: Dutch city of Utrecht
Who: Louis XIV of France and Philip V of Spain, and representatives of Queen Anne of Great Britain, the Duke of Savoy, and the United Provinces.
When: 1713
Significance:Led to the French Revolution.
War of Jenkins' Ear
What:Conflict between Great Britain and Spain.
When: 1739 to 1748
Who: Robert Jenkins, captain of a British merchant ship who got a severed ear of the Parliament.
Significance:Lead to the war against the Spanish Empire.
Paxton Boys
What:vigilante group that murdered at least twenty Native Americans in events sometimes called the Conestoga Massacre.
Where: Central Pennsylvania. Near Paxton Church.
When: 1763
Significance:The predjuice against Natives.
Grenville's Program
What:
Where:
Who:
When:
Patrick Henry
What: One of the Founding Fathers of the United States.
Where: Colony of Virginia.
When: 1776 to 1779
Who: First post-colonial Governor of Virginia.
Significance: "Give me Liberty, or give me Death!"
SONS OF LIBERTY
What: A group of Loyalists.
Where:Thirteen Colonies
When: During the American Revolution.
Who: seditious rebels
Significance: Many following the organization of rebellion in every colony.
Daughters of Liberty
What:Boycotts of British goods following the passage of the Townshend Acts.
Where: Wives of the Men of Sons of Liberty.
When:1765 and 1769
Who:Colonial American group that consisted of women.
Significance: Helped end the Stamp-Act.
Crispus Attucks
What:Killed in the Boston Massacre.
Where:During the Abolitionist movement arrived in Boston.
When: Early 19th century.
Who: African American or Native American decdent.
Significance:first witness of the American Revolution.Heroic role in the history of the United States. also in important in Native American history.
John Adams
What: Delegate to the Continental Congress. Part of the Federalist party.
When: 1776
Who:American politician, second President of the United States of America.
Significance: Most influential Founding Fathers of the United Sates. Father of John Quincy Adams the 6th President of the United States.
Carolina Regulators
What:group of people who rebelled against corrupt government officials.
Where:North Carolina
When: 1768
Who: Wealthy colonists,
Significance: The War of Regulations was a foreplay to the American Revolution.
Battle of Alamance
What: Rebellion in issues of taxation and local control.
Where: Colonial North Carolina.
Who: Governor of William Tryon, marching militia troops to relieve the violence.
When: Spring of 1771
Significance:The Regulators lost and their rebellion failed.
FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, 1774
Where: Philadelphia
When: 1774
Who:56 delegates from twelve of the Thirteen Colonies.
What: an economic boycott of Great Britain in protest and petitioned the king for a redress of grievances.
Significance: When the Articles were replaced by the United States Constitution, the Confederation Congress was superseded by the United States Congress.
Suffolk Resolves
What:
Where:
When:
Who:
Significance:
Galloway Plan
What:Parliament of Great Britain. On matters relating to the colonies each body would have a veto over the others decisions.
When: Defeated in 1774
Who: Joseph Galloway, Pennsylvania delegate.
Significance: while allowing the colonies to have some say over their own affairs, including the inflammatory issue of taxation.
LEXINGTON AND CONCORD, APRIL 19, 1775
What: First military engagements of the American Revolutionary War.
Where: Middlesex County, Province of Massachusetts Bay, within the towns of Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Menotomy (present-day Arlington), and Cambridge, near Boston.
When: April 19, 1775
Who:between the Kingdom of Great Britain and its thirteen colonies
Significance:Battles of the American Revolutionary War.
Paul Revere, William Dawes
Who: An American silversmith and a patriot in the American Revolution. Messenger in the battles of Lexington and Concord.
What:
Where: Boston
When: 1776
Significance: Helped organize an intelligence and alarm system to keep watch on the British military.
SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS
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Slavery clause in the Declaration of Independence
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Somerset Case (in Great Britain)
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Quock Walker case- Mass
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Benedict Arnold
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Continental Army
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Native Americans in the Revolutionary War
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Black Americans in the Revolutionary War
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