Key Terms 6

Front 1

Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty ABM

Back 1

A treaty that prohibited either the
United States or the Soviet Union from using
a ballistic missile defense as a shield, which
would have undermined mutually assured
destruction and the basis of deterrence.
(p. 222) See also mutually assured destruction
(MAD) and Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI).

Front 2

Biological Weapons Convention

Back 2

An agreement that prohibits the development,
production, and possession of biological
weapons, but makes no provision for
inspections. (p. 217)

Front 3

chain of command

Back 3

A hierarchy of officials
(often civilian as well as military) through
which states control military forces. (p. 225)

Front 4

Chemical Weapons Convention

Back 4

An agreement that bans the production and
possession of chemical weapons and includes
strict verification provisions and the threat of
sanctions against violators and nonparticipants
in the treaty. (p. 216)

Front 5

Comprehensive test Ban Treaty
CTBT

Back 5

A treaty that bans all nuclear weapons
testing, thereby broadening the ban on
atmospheric testing negotiated in 1963. (p. 222)

Front 6

counterinsurgency

Back 6

An effort to combat
guerrilla armies, often including programs
to "win the hearts and minds" of rural
populations so that they stop sheltering
guerrillas. (p. 198)

Front 7

coup d'etat

Back 7

French for "blow against the
state"; a term that refers to the seizure of
political power by domestic military forces that
is, a change of political power outside the
state's constitutional order. (p. 226)

Front 8

cruise missile

Back 8

A small winged missile that
can navigate across thousands of miles of
previously mapped terrain to reach a particular
target; it can carry either a nuclear or a
conventional warhead. (p. 215)

Front 9

electronic warfare

Back 9

Use of the electromagnetic
spectrum (radio waves, radar, infrared, etc.) in
war, such as employing electromagnetic signals
for one's own benefit while denying their use to
an enemy. (p. 205)

Front 10

fissionable material

Back 10

The elements uranium-
235 and plutonium, whose atoms split apart
and release energy via a chain reaction when
an atomic bomb explodes. (p. 210)

Front 11

Infantry

Back 11

Foot soldiers who use assault rifles
and other light weapons (mines, machine guns,
etc.). (p. 198)

Front 12

land mines

Back 12

Concealed explosive devices,
often left behind by irregular armies, that kill
or maim civilians after wars end. Such mines
number more than 100 million, primarily in
Angola, Bosnia, Afghanistan, and Cambodia.
A movement to ban land mines is underway;
nearly 100 states have agreed to do so.
(p.199)

Front 13

Missile technology control regime

Back 13

A set
of agreements through which industrialized
states try to limit the flow of missile-relevant
technology to third world states.
(p. 215)

Front 14

Non-proliferation Treaty NPT

Back 14

A treaty that created a framework for controlling
the spread of nuclear materials and expertise,
including the International Atomic Energy
Agency (IAEA), a UN agency based in Vienna
that is charged with inspecting the nuclear
power industry in NPT member states to
prevent secret military diversions of nuclear
materials. (p. 219)

Front 15

What else will satisfy the statute of frauds in the absence of a writing where the agreement concerns the sale of goods?

Back 15

Judicial admission in a pleading, in testimony, or in response to discovery.
AND Custom made goods

Front 16

Proliferation

Back 16

The spread of weapons of mass
destruction (nuclear, chemical, or biological
weapons) into the hands of more actors.
(p. 217)

Front 17

State-sponsored Terrorism

Back 17

The use of
terrorist groups by states, usually under control
of a state's intelligence agency, to achieve
political aims. (p. 209)

Front 18

Stealth Technology

Back 18

The use of special radar absorbent
materials and unusual shapes in the
design of aircraft, missiles, and ships to scatter
enemy radar. (p. 206)

Front 19

Strategic Defense Initiative

Back 19

AU.S.
effort, also known as "Star Wars," to develop
defenses that could shoot down incoming
ballistic missiles, spurred by President Ronald
Reagan in 1983. Critics call it an expensive
failure that will likely be ineffective. (p. 220)
See also Anti ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty.

Front 20

Weapons of mass Destruction

Back 20

Nuclear,
chemical, and biological weapons, all
distinguished from conventional weapons by
their enormous potential lethality and their
relative lack of discrimination in whom they
kill. (p. 210)