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158 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
abbreviation
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shortened term of a word or phrase
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abduction
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moving a body part away from the midline of the body
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abrasion
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partial-thickness wound caused by the scraping away or rubbing of the skin
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abuse
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intentional mistreatment or harm of another person
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accountable
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being responsible for ones actions and the actions of others who perform delegated tasks;answering questions about, and explaining ones actions and the actions of others
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acetone
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substance that appears in urine from the rapid breakdown of fat for energy;ketone body or ketone
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active physical restraints
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a restraint attached to the persons body and to a fixed(immovable) object;restricts movement or body access
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activities of daily living
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the activities usually done during a normal day in a persons life
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acute illness
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a sudden illness from which a person is expected to recover
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acute pain
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pain that is felt suddenly from injury, disease, trauma, or surgery
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adduction
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moving a body part toward the midline of the body
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admission
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offical entry of a person into an agency
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adolescence
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the time between puberty and adulthood;a time of rapid growth and physical and social maturity
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advance directive
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a document stating a persons wishes about health care when that person cannot make their own decisions
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affect
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feelings and emotions
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allergy
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a sensitivity to a substance that causes the body to react with signs and symptoms
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alopecia
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hair loss
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ambulation
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the act of walking
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am care
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routine care before breakfast;early morning care
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amputation
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the removal of all or part of an extremity
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anaphylaxis
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a life threatening sensitivity to an antigen
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anesthesia
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the loss of feeling or sensation produced by a drug
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anorexia
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loss of appetite
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anterior
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at or toward the front of the body or body part;ventral
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anxiety
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a vague, uneasy feeling in response to stress
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aphasia
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inability(a)to speak(phasia)
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apical-radial pulse
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taking the apical and radial pulses at the same time
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apnea
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the lack or absence(a)of breathing(pnea)
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arterial ulcer
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an open wound on the lower leg and feet caused by poor arterial blood flow
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artery
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a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
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arthritis
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joints(arthr) inflammation(itis)
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arthroplasty
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the surgical replacement(plasty) of a joint(arthro)
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asepsis
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being free of disease producing microbes
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aspiration
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breathing fluid or an object into the lungs
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assault
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intentionally attempting or threatening to touching a persons body without the persons consent
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assessment
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collecting information about the person
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assisted living facility
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provides housing, personal care, support services, health care, and social activities in a homelike setting
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atrophy
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the decreas in a size or wasting away of tissue
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base of support
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the area on which an object rests
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battery
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touching a persons body without their consent
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bedsore
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pressure ulcer, pressure sore, or decubitus ulcer
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benign tumor
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tumor that grows slowly and within a local area
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biohazardous waste
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items contaminated with blood, body fluids, secretions, or excretions;bio means life and hazardous means dangerous or harmful
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Biot's respirations
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rapid and deep respirations followed by 10 to 30 seconds of apnea
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bisexual
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person who is attracted to both sexes
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blood pressure
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amount of forse exerted against the walls of an artery by the blood
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body alignment
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the way the head, trunk, arms, and legs are aligned with one another;posture
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body language
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messages sent through facial expressions, gestures, posture, hand and body movements, gait, eye contact, and appearance
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body mechanics
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using the body in an efficient and careful way
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body temperature
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amount of heat in the body that is a balance between the amount of the heat produced and the amount lost by the body
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bradycardia
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slow(brady) heart rate(cardia);less than 60 beats per minute
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bradypnea
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slow(brady)breathing(pnea);respirations are fewer than 12 per minute
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braille
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writing system that uses raised dots for each letter of the alphabet;the first 10 letters also represent 0-9
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calorie
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the amount of energy produced when the body burns food
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cancer
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malignant tumor
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capillary
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tiny blood vessel;food, oxygen, and other substances pass from the capillaries to the cells
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cardiac arrest
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heart and breathing stop suddenly and without warning
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carrier
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human or animal that is a reservoir for microbes but does not have signs and symptoms of infection
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case management
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nursing care pattern
case manager(RN) coordinates a persons care from admission through discharge and into the home setting |
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catheter
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tube used to drain or inject fluid through a body opening
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catheterization
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process of inserting a catheter
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cell
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basic unit of body structure
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cerumen
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earwax
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chart
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medical record
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cheyne-stokes respirations
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respirations gradually increase in rate and depth and then become shallow and slow; breathing may stop(apnea) for 10 to 20 seconds
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chronis illness
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ongoing illness, slow or gradual in onset, for which there is no known cure;the illness can be controlled and complications prevented
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chronic pain
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pain lasting longer than 6 months;it's constant or occurs off and on
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chronic wound
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a wound that does not heal easily
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circadian rhythm
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daily rhythm based on a 24-hour cycle;the day-night cycle or body rhythm
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circulatory
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an open wound on the lower legs and feet caused by decreased blood flow through the arteries or veins;vascular ulcer
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circumcision
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surgical removal of foreskin from the penis
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civil law
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laws concerned with relationships between people
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clean-contaminated wound
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occurs from the surgical entry of the reproductive, urinary, respiratory, or gastrointestinal system
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clean technique
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medical asepsis
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clean wound
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wound that is not infected;microbes have not entered the wound
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closed fracture
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the bone is broken but the skin is intact;simple fracture
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closed wound
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tissues are injured but the skin is not broken
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colostomy
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surgically created opening(stomy)between the colon(colo) and abdominal wall
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coma
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state of being unaware of one's surroundings and being unable to react or respond to people, places, or things
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combining vowel
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vowel added between two roots or between a root and a suffix to make pronunciation easier
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comfort
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a state of well-being;person has no physical or emotional pain and is calm and at peace
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communicable disease
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disease caused by pathogens that spread easily;contagious disease
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communication
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exchange of information-message sent is received and interpreted by the intended person
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compound fracture
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open fracture
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compress
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soft pad applied over a body area
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compulsion
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repeating an act over and over again
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confidentiality
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trusting others with personal and private information
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conflict
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clash between opposing interests or ideas
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conscious
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awareness of the environment and experiences;person knows what is happening and can control thoughts and behaviors
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constipation
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passage of a hard dry stool
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constrict
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to narrow
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contagious disease
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communicable disease
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contaminated wound
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wound with a high risk of infection
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contamination
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process of becoming unclean
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contracture
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lack of joint mobility caused by abnormal shortening of the muscles
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contusion
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closed wound caused by a blow to the body;bruise
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convulsion
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seizure
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courtesy
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polite, considerate, or helpful comment or act
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crime
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an act that violates a criminal law
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criminal law
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laws concerned with offenses against the public and society in general
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culture
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characteristics of a group of people-language, values, beliefs, habits, likes, dislikes, customs-passed down from one generation to the next
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cyanosis
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bluish skin color
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Daily Reference Values
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maximum daily intake values for total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium, carbohydrate, and dietary fiber
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daily value
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how a serving fits into the daily diet;expressed in a % based on a daily diet of 2000 calories
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dandruff
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excessive amount of dry, white flakes from the scalp
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deafness
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hearing loss in which it is impossible for the person to understand speech through hearing alone
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decubitus ulcer
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pressure ulcer;pressure sore, or bedsore
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defamation
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injuring a persons name and reputation by making false statements to a third person
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defecation
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process of excreting feces from the rectum through the anus;bowel movement
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defense mechanism
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unconscious reaction that blocks unpleasant or threatening feelings
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dehiscence
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seperation of wound layers
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dehydration
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excessive loss of water from tissues;decrease in the amount of water in body tissues
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delegate
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authorize another person to perform a task
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delirium
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state of temporary but acute mental confusion
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delusion
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false belief
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delusion of grandeur
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exaggerated belief about one's importance, wealth, power, or talents
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delusion of persecution
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false belief that one is being mistreated, abused, or harrassed
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dementia
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loss of cognitive and social function caused by changes in the brain
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development
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changes in mental, emotional, and social functions
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developmental disability
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disability occuring before 22 years of age
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developmental task
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skill that must be completed during a stage of development
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diarrhea
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frequent passage of liquid stools
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diastole
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period of heart muscle relaxation;period when the heart is at rest
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diastolic pressure
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pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest
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digestion
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process of physically and chemically breaking down food so it can be absorbed for use by the cells
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dilate
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expand or open wider
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diplegia
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similar body parts are affected on both sides of the body
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dirty wound
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infected wound
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disability
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lost, absent, or impaired physical, or mental function
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disaster
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sudden catastrophic event in which many people are injured and killed and property is destroyed
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discharge
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official departure of a person from an agency
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discomfort
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pain
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disinfection
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process of destroying pathogens
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distal
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part farthest from the center or from the point of attachment
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distraction
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change the persons center of attention
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dorsal
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at or toward the back of the body or body part;posterior
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dorsal recumbent position
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back-lying or supine position;supine position with the legs together;horizontal recumbent position
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dorsiflexion
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bending the toes and foot up at the ankle
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douche
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introduction of a fluid into the vagina and the immediate return of the fluid
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drawsheet
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small sheet placed over the middle of the bottom sheet;helps keep the mattress and bottom linens clean and dry;cotton drawsheet
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dysphagia
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difficulty(dys) swallowing(phagia)
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dyspnea
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difficult, labored, or painful(dys)breathing(pnea)
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dysuria
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painful or difficult(dys) urination(uria)
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early morning care
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AM care
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edema
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swelling of body tissues with water
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ego
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part of the personality dealing with reality;deals with thoughts, feelings, good sense, and problem solving
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ejaculation
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release of semen
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elective surgery
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surgery done by choice to improve the persons life or well-being
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electrical shock
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electrical current passes through the body
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embolus
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blood clot(thrombus)that travels through the vascular system until it lodges in a distant blood vessel
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emergency surgery
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surgery done immediately to save life or function
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emotional illness
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mental illness, mental disorder, psychiatric disorder
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enema
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introduction of fluid into the rectum and lower colon
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enteral nutrition
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giving nutrients through the gastrointestinal tract(enteral)
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enuresis
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urinary incontinence in bed at night
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epidermal stripping
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removing the epidermis(outer layer of skin)as tape is removed from the skin
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episiotomy
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incision(otomy) into the perineum
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erectile dysfunction
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impotence
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