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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the importance of effective leadership? (x5) |
> success > setting group goals >ensuring player satisfaction >ensure/promote group unity >steer all to success |
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What are the qualities of an effective leader? (x9) |
>good communication skills >Charisma >highly developed perceptual & decision making skills >Vision >understanding others needs >Experience >ambition > empathy >motivation |
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What are the 3 types of leader? |
>autocratic (task-orientated) >democratic (social/people-orientated) >Laissez-faire |
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What are the characteristics of an Autocratic Leader? (x5) |
>makes all the decisions >motivated to complete tasks as quickly and efficiently as possible >authoritarian style (does not take into account opinions/preferences of the group) >will NOT delegate responsibly >focuses on group performance & achieving goals
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When is an Autocratic leader most effective? (x6) |
>dangerous situations >when quick decisions need to be made >in large groups >early/cognative stages >in both high favourable/unfavourable situations >with males |
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What are the characteristics of democratic leaders? (x7) |
>share decisions with the group- but leader = final decision >prepared to delegate responsibly >believes in consultation >wants to develop meaningful interpersonal relationship >belief in consultation >belief that giving ownership of tasks to individuals will make them work harder >belief in unity and common purpose |
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What is a democratic leader most effective? (x5) |
>co-active sports >group = female >small group >highly favourable situations >autonomous stage has been achieved |
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what is a highly favourable situation? |
>leaders position = strong >task = simple with a clear structure >good/warm group-leader relations |
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What is a highly unfavourable situation? |
>Leaders position = weak >Task= complex with vague structure >Hostile group-leader relations |
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What is a laissez-faire leader? |
>leader 'stands aside' >group make own decisions
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What can a laissez-faire leader lead to if the leader is inadequate? |
the loss of group direction |
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What are the two ways that someone can become a leader? |
> prescribed >emergent |
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What is a prescribed leader? |
>selected from outside the group and comes in as a new member |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of a prescribed leader? |
(+)- they will have no prejudice (-) - they don't know the team or how they function (-) - It may take longer for the leader to be accepted, or they may not be accepted at all |
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What is an emergent leader? |
>someone who is already part of the group who is then selected into position of leader y the group e.g. via voting, or is assumed if the leader is readily accepted by the group. |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of emergent leaders |
(+)- They already know the group and how they function (+)- have already been accepted by the group (-) - they may hold prejudice attitudes against certain members of the group |
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What is the TRAIT approach to leadership THEORIES? (x3) |
> the necessary qualities of leaders are inherited by sons (not daughters) who's fathers were successful in the battle field.- "great man theory" >leaders are born with the capacity to take charge >leadership traits are a stable personality disposition
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What are the traits that are associated with leadership in TRAIT THEORY in leadership? (x5) |
>tough-mindedness >independence >intelligence >assertiveness >self-confidence
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What are the negatives of TRAIT THEORY in leadership? (x5) |
>if it is true it means that a leader should be able to take control of ANY situation- which is highly unlikely >the traits that are seen as 'important' cannot be proven to be effective >it is not a good predictor of behaviour- it is unlikely that specific, dominant traits alone can facilitate successful leadership >it is a highly unpopular theory > research into leadership, and trait theory, show that this theory is inconclusive. |
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what is SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY in leadership? (x4) |
>the belief that all behaviour is learned >learning happens through contact with the environment >you copy the behaviour of successful role models if their behaviour is reinforced >skills of leadership can be gained through imitation and developed through experience. |
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What type of learning occurs in SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY in leadership? |
VICARIOUS LEARNING |
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What are the negatives of SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY in leadership? |
It does not take into account trait perspective- it is unlikely that learning solar can facilitate effective leadership |
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What is INTERACTIONIST THEORY in leadership? (x2) |
>leaders skills emerge because of inherited abilities and leaned skills >leadership skills are likely to emerge & be acquired when a situation acts as a trigger for the inherited abilities that are of importance to leadership. |
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Who invented the multi-dimensional model of leadership? |
Chelladurai |
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What are the 3 characteristics affecting the leaders behaviour in the multi-dimensional model of leadership? |
>situational >leader >members |
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What are situational characteristics in the multi-dimensional model of leadership? |
Things within the environment/what is happening, factors include; >The type of activity the group is involved in (interactive/co-active) >the number of group members >the overall time constraints of the match/game >the strength of the opposition |
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What are leader characteristics in the multi-dimensional model of leadership? |
Factors that include; >skill and experience level of the leader >personality of the leader (task/person-orientatd) |
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What are member characteristics in the multi-dimensional model of leadership? |
Factors that include; >age of the group >majority gender >competence >motivation >skill level >experience |
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What are the types of leader behaviour in the multi-dimensional model of leadership? |
>required >actual >preffered |
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What is required behaviour in the multi-dimensional model of leadership? |
What should be done by the leader- it my be dictated by a strategy or organised system |
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what is actual behaviour in the multi-dimensional model of leadership? |
what the leader chooses to do- this may be influenced by the competence of the leader |
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What is preferred behaviour in the multi-dimensional model of leadership? |
What the group what the leader to do- influenced by the member characteristics |
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What happens if the degree of congruence is full congruence in the multi-dimensional model of leadership? |
Group efficiency will be high and group satisfaction will be high |
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What happens if there is incongruence because required and actual behaviour agree but preferred does not in the multi-dimensional model of leadership? |
Group efficiency will be high but group satisfaction will be low |
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What happens is there is incongruence because actual and preferred behaviour agree but required behaviour does not in the multi-dimensional model of leadership? |
Group satisfaction will be high but group efficiency will be low |
