Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Undertakings |
Entities engaged in 'economic activity' No definition in Article 101 as to what an 'undertaking' is |
|
|
Relevant market |
Particular legal term. The wider the definition, the smaller the market share will be held by an individual company in said market. |
|
|
Appreciability |
De minimis |
|
|
Hofner & Elser v Macrotron |
'The concept of an undertaking encompasses every entity engaged in an economic activity, regardless of the legal status of the entity and the way in which it is financed.' Applies to non-profit organisations e.g. charities |
|
|
Re Unitel |
Opera singers were deemed undertakings |
|
|
Reuter |
Individuals were deemed to be undertakings |
|
|
Fenin v Commission |
Public authorities were not undertakings when acting for social purposes but were when acting for commercial purposes. |
|
|
VihoEurope BV v Commission |
Internal agreements between parent and subsidiary companies are not relevant but the parent company may be liable for the actions of a subsidiary company that are deemed anti-competitive. |
