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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Choanoflagellate protists |
closest living relative to animals |
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Porifera |
Most ancient animals with living representatives. Composed of choanocyte cells whom have a similar feeding pattern to choanoflagellates |
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Asymmetric animals without germ layers |
Porifera (sponges) |
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Radiates, biploblasts with radial symmetry
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Cnidaria (jellyfish, coral, and anemones), evolved when macroscopic protists were abundant. Cnidocyte cells capture pret with a paralyzing harpoon known as nematocysts. Have open body cavity |
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Lophotrochozian Protostomes |
Composed of:Trochozoans and the lophophorata All trochozoans havetwo bands of cilia around their middle Platyhelminthes (flatworms) Annelida (Segmented worms) Mollusca (Snails, clams, squids, octopus) |
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Phylum Porifera |
Sponges. Sessile filter feeders. Have sharp spicules as defense |
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Phylum Cnidaria |
Animals with cnidocytes (coral, anemones, and jelly fish) Sessile/slow moving hunters with paralyzing harpoons (nematocysts in cnidocyte cells) Blind gastrovascular cavity |
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Phylum: Platyhelminthes |
Flatworms Most primitive group with bilateral symmetry, cephalization, and typical tube-within-tube. Maximum body surface area for gas diffusion |
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Phylum: Annelida |
Segmented Worms Earthworms, predatory marine worms (majority), and leeches Have hydrostatic skeleton and gripping setae Have repeated body parts along segmentation axis |
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Phylum: Mollusca |
Snails, slams, squids, octopus, and others Second largest phylum to anthropoda Probably evolved from annelid Adaptive radiation due to mantle, shell, muscular foot, and radula
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Ecdysozoan protostomes |
Triploblastic, bilateral symmetry, and blacktopore for a mouth Undergo shedding of exoskeletons (ecdysis) Nematoda (nematodes/roundworms) Arthropoda (insects, crustaceans, and spiders) |
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Deuterostome Phyla |
Anus first becomes blastopore Bilateral symmetry, triploblastic, and eucoelomates Echinodermata (starfish, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers) Chordata (notochord animals)
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Phylum Nematoda |
Nematodes/roundworms Likely evolved form flatworms Extremophiles Evolved cuticle that is molted off Cause Trichinosis and elephantiasis |
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Phylum: Arthropoda |
Insects, crustaceans, and spiders 80% of all animal species, 70% of which are beetles Evolved form annelid ancestor who have segmentally arranged appendages Chiton exoskeleton Evolved tracheae system for breathing and compound eye
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Phylum: Echinodermata |
Star fish, sear urchins, and sea cucumbers Closest living non-chordate relative to chordates Slow-moving omnidirectional heterotroph with spines for protection Suction cups for locomotion and predation |
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Phylum Chordata |
More movile, rigid-bodied heterrotrophs with increases cephalization Have notochord, Pharyngeal gill slits, dorsal hollow nerve chord, and post-anal tail Composed of Urochordata, cephalochordata, and vertebrata |
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Vertebrata |
Chondrichthyes - cartilagenous fish Osteichthyes - Bony fish Amphibia - Frogs, toads, and salamanders; first chordates to invade land Reptilia- reptiles with dry, keratinized skin allowed for them to become fully terrestrial Aves - birds Mammalia - Monotremes, marsupials, and placentals |
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Chondrichthyes |
Cartilagenous Fish |
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Osteichthes |
Bony fish
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Amphibia |
Frogs, toads, and salamanders First chordates to invade land |
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Reptilia |
Lizards, snakes, crocs, and turtles Dry keratinized skin allowing them to be fully terrestrial and to become to the ruling terrestrial vertebrates of the mesozoic |
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Aves |
First chordates to adapt for flight; the birds |
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Mammalia |
Monotremes (Egg-laying mammals), Marsupials, and Placentals |
