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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Energy |
The ability to do work or transfer heat |
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Work |
Energy used to cause an object to move |
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Heat |
Energy used to cause the temp of an object to rise |
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Thermodynamics |
Study of energy transformations |
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Thermochemistry |
Applies the field to chemical reactions |
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Kinetic energy |
Energy an object possessed by virtue of its motion
Ek=1/2mv^2 |
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Potential energy |
Energy an object possesses by virtue of its position of chemical composition
Most important form of _ in molecules is electrostatic potential energy |
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Electrostatic potential energy |
Eel=kQ1Q2/d |
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SI unit of energy |
(J) joule |
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1 J |
1X kgm^2/s^2 |
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Calorie |
I cal= 4.184 J |
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System |
Includes molecules we want to study |
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Surroundings |
Everything else inside the system |
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Work |
Energy used to move an object over some distance
W=F X d W=work F=force D=distance exerted |
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Heat |
Flows from warmer objects to cooler objects |
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First law of thermodynamics |
Energy is neither created nor destroyed
The total energy of the universe is a constant |
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Internal energy |
Sum of all kinetic and potential energies in system
Call it E |
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Internal energy |
Sum of all kinetic and potential energies in system
Call it E |
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Internal energy |
The change in internal energy, delta E= EFinal-EInitial |
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Exergonic |
Energy released to surroundings |
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Endergonic |
The system absorbed energy from surroundings |
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Delta E, q, w and their signs |
q-+ means to gain heat q--means to lose heat
w-+ means work done in a system w--work done by system
Delta E-+ means net gain of energy by system Delta E-- net loss of energy by sister |
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Internal enegrry |
State function |
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Internal enegrry |
State function |
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Work |
Measured by -P delta V
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Internal enegrry |
State function |
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Work |
Measured by -P delta V
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Enthalpy |
Internal energy plus the product of pressure and volume
H=E+PV |
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Internal enegrry |
State function |
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Work |
Measured by -P delta V
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Enthalpy |
Internal energy plus the product of pressure and volume
H=E+PV |
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Change in enthalpyy |
Delta H=delta E+ PDELTAV |
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A process is endothermic when |
Delta H IS POSITIVE |
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A process is endothermic when |
Delta H IS POSITIVE |
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A process is exothermic when |
DELTA H IS NEGATIVE |
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A process is endothermic when |
Delta H IS POSITIVE |
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A process is exothermic when |
DELTA H IS NEGATIVE |
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Change in enthalpy |
Delta H=Hproducts-Hreactants |
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Enthalpy is an |
Extensive property |
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Enthalpy is an |
Extensive property |
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Calorimetry |
The measurement of heat flow |
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Enthalpy is an |
Extensive property |
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Calorimetry |
The measurement of heat flow |
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Heat capacity |
Amount of energy required to raise temp by 1K or 1C |
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Specific heat |
Heat transferred /mass times temp change
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Hess's Law |
If a reaction is carried out in a series of steps, delta H for the overall reaction will be equal to the sum of the enthalpy changes for the individual steps |
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K |
D |
