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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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public opinion |
the collective attitudes and beliefs of individuals on one or more issues |
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public opinion poll |
scientific efforts to estimate what an entire group thinks about an issue by asking a smaller sample of the group for its opinion |
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political socialization |
the process by which we learn our political orientations and allegiances |
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patriotism |
strong emotional attachment to one's political community |
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spiral of silence |
the process by which a majority opinion becomes exaggerated because minorities do not feel comfortable speaking about opposition |
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partisan song |
the process through which citizens align themselves ideologically with one of the two parties, leaving fewer citizens remaining in the center and increasing party decisions |
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political generations |
groups of citizens whose political views have been shaped by the common events of their youth |
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gender gap |
the tendency of men and women to differ in their political views on some issues |
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marriage gap |
the tendency for married people to hold political opinions that differ from those of people who have never married |
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sample |
the portion of the population that is selected to participate in a poll |
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sample bias |
the effect of having a sample that does not represent all segments of the population |
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straw polls |
polls that attempt to determine who is ahead in a political race |
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sampling error |
a number that indicates within what range the results of a poll are accurate |
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random samples |
samples chosen in such a way that any member of the population being polled has an equal chance of being selected |
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weighting |
adjustments to surveys during analysis so that selected demographic groups reflect their values in the population, usually as measured by the cenus |
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benchmark polls |
initial poll on a candidate and issues on which campaign strategy is based and against which later polls are compared |
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tracking poll |
ongoing series of surveys that follow changes in public opinion over time |
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exit polls |
election-related questions asked of voters right after they vote |
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push polls |
polls that ask for reactions to hypothetical, often false, information in order to manipulate public opinion |
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rational ignorance |
that state of being uninformed about politics because of the cost in time and energy |
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on-line processing |
the ability to receive and evaluate information as events happen, allowing us to remember our evaluation even if we have forgotten the specific events that caused it |
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two-step flow of information |
the process by which citizens take their political cues from more well-informed opinions leaders |
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opinion leaders |
people who know more about certain topics than we do and whose advice we trust, seek out and follow |
