Kardiopii_Ocs_Ricciwk5_Sacrum

Front 1

What is Sacralization of L5

Back 1

L5 gets fused onto the top of th 5 bones normally fused as the sacrum
--Opp is Lumbarization of Sacrum where top of the 5 usuall sacral verts doesn't fuse like rest

Front 2

What does cocyx comprise of

Back 2

4 vertebrae that can be fused

Front 3

What is major diff btw Male/Female pelvis view from above

Back 3

On female-onlytip of cocyx protrudes into cavity, with male, its all of coccyx and some of bottom of sacrum
--sacral coccyx angle is more verticle

Front 4

With Sacrum, what is ILA

Back 4

Inferior Lateral Angle

Front 5

Where is sacral sulcus

Back 5

Medial to PSIS of innominate

Front 6

holding an object by pressure on sides is what

Back 6

force closure
--innominates push in laterally

Front 7

roman arch as self supporting structur is what

Back 7

Form Closure
--stacking

-sacrum acts as keystone of the arch through angles coming up and converging from legs

Front 8

What forces keep sacral centered Ant to Post

Back 8

-Ant: angle of SI join wedges sacrum in anterior position--prevents posterior mvmt

-Post: dorsal SI Ligs are MUCH stronger than Ventral (anterior) Ligs--counteract the pelvic forces pushing it posteriorly

Front 9

At SI joint, what are surfaces for
Sacral:
Ilial

Back 9

Sacral - thick hyaline cartilage
Ilial - thin fibrocartilage

--note some Axes in Sagital and Coronal plane for Sacral mvmt do not even lie on bone

Front 10

If shown closeup of joint, which side will be sacral

Back 10

The side with thicker interface surface--thicker hyaline cart on sacral side

Front 11

What functions inMuscuskeletal system reflex to excess motion

Back 11

Ligaments.

Front 12

Name the 4 Major Pelvic Ligs

Back 12

Iliolumbar
Sacrospinous
Sacrotuberous
Sacroiliaic

Front 13

What Lig connects the Sacrum to Ischial Tuberosity

Back 13

Sacrotuberous L

Front 14

What Lig connects Sacrom to Spine of Ischium

Back 14

Sacrospinous L.

Front 15

What does iliolumbar Lig connect

Back 15

Ilia (posterior aspect of iliac crest) to 5th Lumbar Vert.

Front 16

What does Sacroiliac Lig. doe

Back 16

Covers much of the sacroiliac joint--anteriorly and posteriorly

Front 17

What L. restricts motion of anterior motion of L5

Back 17

Iliolumbar Lig
--important given how anteriorly tilted this angle is--think spondylisthesis

Front 18

What is most impt Lig for maintaining connection so load of spine lands on sacrum

Back 18

Iliolumbar Lig

Front 19

What lig shares attachments for Glut Max, Tendong of Biceps Femoris

Back 19

SacroTuberous Lig.
--attaches at ischial tuberosity
---Stabilizes Anterior Mvmnt from Base of Sacrum, by preventing base from moving posteriorly (which spine imposes force to do so)

Front 20

What lig is just superior to Sacrotuberous Lig

Back 20

Sacrospinous

Front 21

Which lig is actually three ligs

Back 21

Sacroiliac LIg--picture Ala-->Sides of sacrum
--Ant/Ventral SI Lig
---Interosseous SI Lig
--Post/Dorsal SI Lig

Front 22

What curvature might predispose folks to Spondylolisthesis: Apex of sacrum moving anteriorly (thereby the base posteriorly which is what the SacroTuberous Lig tries ot prevent)

Back 22

Overweight lordotics and Gymnysts

Front 23

Name the Posterior Mm. attachments to sacrum from above

Back 23

Erector Spinae to Sacrum:
Iliocostalis thoracis and
Lumborum
Longissimus thoracis
spinalis thoracis
-Multifidus

Front 24

Which mm attach to innomiates from above

Back 24

Obliques (internal external)
Quadratus Lumborum

Front 25

Which pelvic mm attach anteriorly from above

Back 25

Rectus Abdominus
Internal and External Obliques
Transversus Abdominis

Front 26

Where does dura of spinal cord attach caudally

Back 26

To sacrum at 2nd sacral segment

Front 27

In what plane along what axis is primary motion of sacrum

Back 27

Within sagital plane. majority is flexion and extension through transverse axes

Front 28

What are the 3 Transverse Axes

Back 28

Superior (S1 Axis)
Middle (S2 Axis)
Inferior (S3 Asix)

Front 29

what is the respiratory Transverse Axis?
The Iliosacral ?

Back 29

Transverse:
Superior/S1
Inferior/S3

Front 30

What axis is the "Postural" axis for flexion/extension of the sacrum

Back 30

Middle Transverse/S2

Front 31

Where are ALL Transverse Axes of centered around

Back 31

2nd Sacral Segment

Front 32

What Axes allow sacrum to rotate foraward and sidebend at same side btw innominates

Back 32

Left Oblique Axis &
Right Oblique Axis
(named for where they start superiorly)

Front 33

Forward Nodding, anterior mvmt of the sacral base arounda transverse axis in relation to the ilia

Back 33

Nutation
-occurs during sphenobasilar extension of the craniosacral mechanism

Front 34

Counternutation?

Back 34

Posterior mvmt of base of sacrum when sphenobasilar flexion

Front 35

Name 4 palpable posterior features

Back 35

Sacral Sulci
PSIS
ILAs
Ischial Tuberosity

Front 36

What is a forward torsion somatic dys

Back 36

ex. Left side pelvis is forward torsioned and flexed toward right along Right Oblique Axis
=Right on Right

Front 37

If you have right on right or left on left you have what tosrion dysfunciton

Back 37

A forward torsion dys

Front 38

With Right on Right Forward Torsion describe
ILA on right
Sacral Sulcus-

Back 38

ILA on right is posterior (inferior too)
Sacral Sulcus-Ant and Right

Front 39

What is lumbar compensation with Right on Right Sacral Dys

Back 39

Lumbar Sidebends to right
L5 rotated left (and afew above)
(Opp to SB because its neutral)

Front 40

What are 2 areas of focus for Sacral Torsion Dys

Back 40

Sacral Sulcus Depth
ILA depth

Front 41

What Test is POSITIVE for Sacral Backward/Posterior Torsion

Back 41

Positive Lumbar Spring Test
ie Left on Right Sacral Torsion

Front 42

What is Lumbar Spring Test

Back 42

Pt is Prone--contacht Lubosacral Jxn (over L4-L5) push straight down on Pt in to table-
If mvmt= neg
IF NO MVMT = Positive (no anterior motion)

Front 43

With what Torsion Dys can Sacral Base NOT move anteriorly

Back 43

Backward Sacral Torsion (may be SI joint, may be L5)
ie, Right on Left or Left on Right

Front 44

When talking about "looking" for sacrum with posterior/backward torsions.

Back 44

way anterior of sacrum is pointed
Ie Right on Left (oblique axis) = backward and anterior of Sacrum looks right

Front 45

if sacrum has moved anteriorly equally and bilaterally

Back 45

Bilateral Sacral Flexion
both Sulci and ILAs will be equally deep per side
--would have neg Spring test--pushing base (top of sacrum) into where it likes to live.
Note--pushing apex of sacrum would have hard endfeel in this sitch.

Front 46

Sacral Shear is aka

Back 46

Anterior Sacrum L/R
Unilateral Sacral Shear

Similar to Torsion, but does NOT torsion around oblique

Front 47

Sacrum on one side, base to apex, is anterior or posterior?

Back 47

Unilateral Sacral Shear
note-ILA and Sulcus on same side have same motion

Front 48

If base of sacrum rotates forward on one side, what is motion of spine on opposite side

Back 48

Opp side will sidebend oppositely
ie, if Right sacrum rotated anterioly (in a unilateral sacral shear) the Left side will sidebend toward Left