Kaplan Micro Bacterial Test Questions

Front 1

dd: honey-crusted lesions behind ears

Back 1

S. epi
S. aureus

Front 2

MCC of pelvic abcess following ruptured appendix

Back 2

Bacteroides and microaerophilic strepococci

Front 3

acid-fact bacilli with branching rods

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Nocardia asteroides

Front 4

diagnostic test for syphillis

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Fluorescent treponemal ab absorbed test (FTA-ABS)

Front 5

causative agent of Lyme disease

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borrelia burgdorferi

Front 6

high fever
swelling in armpits and groin
gm- rods w/ bipolar staining

Back 6

yersinia pestis

Front 7

spiral-shaped organism
Positive Fluorescent Ab test

Back 7

Syphillis caused by treponema

Front 8

where is yersinia perstis MC

Back 8

southwest US

Front 9

what is the infectious agent: child w/ weakness, droopy eyes, head lag.

Back 9

endospore of clostridium botulinum (adult botulism = ingested preformed toxin)

Front 10

what is the infectious agent: discoloration of buttock, blebs of skin --> shock and death

Back 10

Description suggests myonecrosis caused by C.perfringens

Front 11

lecithinase producer

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C.perfringens

Front 12

resevoir of Campy

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poultry

Front 13

what structure is found in gm- but not gm+

Back 13

outer membrane

Front 14

rose-colored spots, H2S

Back 14

salmonella

Front 15

what causes lymphocytosis, insulin secretion and histamine sensitization

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pertussis toxin

Front 16

what causes local edema in whooping cough

Back 16

adenylate cyclase toxin

Front 17

boy in NC goes hiking, rash that spread from extremities to trunk, conjunctivitis, proteinuria

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Rocky Mountain spotted fever caused by Rickettsia rickettsiae

Front 18

2 ways strep pyrogenes can be grouped

Back 18

Lancefield
M proteins

Front 19

mechanism of pertussis toxin

Back 19

ADP ribosylation of Ginhibitory

Front 20

mechanism of corynebacterium diptheriae

Back 20

ADP ribosylation of EF2

Front 21

mechanism of Pseudomonas toxin

Back 21

ADP ribosylation of EF2

Front 22

ADP ribosylation of GTP-binding protein

Back 22

ETEC
Vibrio cholerae

Front 23

Blocks release of ACh

Back 23

Clostridium botulinum

Front 24

Blocks release inhibitory transmitters GABA and glycine

Back 24

Clostridium tetani

Front 25

gm+ aerobic rod; toxin that inhibits protein synnthesis

Back 25

C.diphtheriae

Front 26

structure of V.cholera

Back 26

gm- curved rod; toxin increases cAMP

Front 27

metabolic requirements of H.plylori

Back 27

microaerophilic

Front 28

what protects gm+ organisms from osmotic damage

Back 28

thick peptidoglycan layer

Front 29

gm-
reduces nitrates to nitrites

Back 29

E.coli

Front 30

home-canned green beans
visual problems

Back 30

Botulism

Front 31

gm+cocci, cat+ grows in high salt

Back 31

S.aureus

Front 32

gm+ aerobic bacillus, sporulates

Back 32

Bacillus cereus

Front 33

gm+coccus, cat-, optochin-resistant

Back 33

S.viridans

Front 34

gm+ bacillus grown on low oxidation-reduction medium

Back 34

Clost botulinum

Front 35

what virulence factor in Mycobacterium inhibits phagosome-lysosomal fusion to allow it to survive intracellulary

Back 35

sulfatides

Front 36

clue cells

Back 36

gardnerella vaginalis

Front 37

gm- rod w/ bleach-like odor

Back 37

Eikenella corrodens

Front 38

organism that causes purulent conjunctivitis in a 15day old

Back 38

Chlamydia

Front 39

what form of chlamydia has ability to bind membranes and infect

Back 39

elementary form

Front 40

gelatinous, bloody sputum, PMNs

Back 40

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Front 41

MCC neonatal meningitis

Back 41

GBS>E.coli

Front 42

MCC meningitis in adults

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S.pneumo

Front 43

ecthyma gangrenosum (necrotic lesion w/ black center and erythematous margin)

Back 43

Pseudomonas

Front 44

complication of H.pylori infection

Back 44

stomach cancer

Front 45

cytokine involved in the differentiation of lymphoid cell line

Back 45

IL-7

Front 46

cytokine involved in the differentiation of myeloid cell line

Back 46

GM-CSF, IL-3

Front 47

lack of B cells
decreased T cells
early onset, failure to thrive, red rash, diarrhea, severe immune deficiency

Back 47

Omenn syndrome (AR missense mutation in rag gene)

Front 48

No B or T cells

Back 48

SCID (mutation in rag gene)

Front 49

Ag receptors of B cells involved in signal transduction

Back 49

Iga, IgB, CD19, CD21

Front 50

Ag receptors of T cells involved in signal transduction

Back 50

CD3

Front 51

one chromosome of a homologous pair will be inactivated --> one idiotype of ag-recognition molecule will be produced

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allelic exclusion

Front 52

cytokine: production of acute-phase proteins

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IL6

Front 53

stucture of MHC class I

Back 53

a chain
B2 microglobulin (not coded within MHC)

Front 54

CD56

Back 54

NK cells

Front 55

where do you find: CD4-CD8- T cells

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Bone marrow

Front 56

where do you find: maturing T cells ready to circulate

Back 56

thymic medulla

Front 57

splenic periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths

Back 57

T-cell dependent areas of the spleen

Front 58

what cells express tdt

Back 58

T cells: prethymic and thymic cortex
B cells: pro-B, pre-B

Front 59

tdt
MHCII
CD19,20

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pro-B

Front 60

tdt
MHCII
CD19,20
u+

Back 60

pre-B

Front 61

MHCII
CD19,20
IgM

Back 61

immature B

Front 62

MHCII
CD19,20
IgM, IgD

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mature B

Front 63

cytoplasmic Ig

Back 63

plasma cell

Front 64

what cell undergoes Ig heavy chain rearrangement

Back 64

pro-B expressing tdt, MHCII, CD19,20

Front 65

what cell undergoes light chain gene rearrangement

Back 65

pre-B: tdt, MHCII, CD19,20,u+

Front 66

order of lymph node filtration

Back 66

afferent lymphatics-->subcapsular sinus-->cortex-->medula-->medullary cords-->efferent lymphatics

Front 67

what type of infections are asplenic pt (sickle cell) more likely to get

Back 67

encapsulated bacteria + blood-borne pathogens eg. Babesia microti

Front 68

leukocyte surface molecule that mediates binding to high endothelial venules of lymph nodes

Back 68

L-selectins

Front 69

endothelial cell molecule that mediates binding to lymphocytes

Back 69

addressins

Front 70

what molecules mediate the following steps of phagocyte extravasation:
1. rolling
2. activation by chemoattractants
3. arrest and adhesion

Back 70

1. E-selectin
2. IL8, C5a, leukotriene B4, fibribnopeptides
3. Integrams, Ig-CAMS

Front 71

omphalitis
recurrent, chronic bacterial infections
No abscess or pus formation

Back 71

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (absence of CD18)

Front 72

def of opsonization

Back 72

enhancement of phagocytosis with IgG and C3B

Front 73

what type of infections do people with CGD suffer

Back 73

catalase positive (staph, klebsiella, serratia, aspergillus)

Front 74

test for CGD

Back 74

nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test (tests phagocytic cell's ability to generate oxygen radicals)

Front 75

function of invariant chain

Back 75

prevents any normal cellular peptides from being bound to MHC class II

Front 76

cytokine: T cell proliferation

Back 76

IL-2 is most important (IL1,6, TNFa)

Front 77

Cosstimulatory molecules in Tcell activation

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CD4--MHCII
CD8--MHCI
LFA1--ICAMI
CD2--LFA3
CD28--B7

Front 78

mild SCID
CD8+, CD4-
don't develop graft-vs. host disease
hypogammaglobulinemia

Back 78

Bare lymphocyte syndrome (MHCII deficiency)

Front 79

what cytokines do TH1 produce

Back 79

IFNgamma
TNFB
IL2

Front 80

what cytokines do TH2 produce

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IL2,4,5,6,10

Front 81

1. what stimulates TH1
2. what inhibits TH1

Back 81

1. innate immune response (intracellular bacteria, parasites that infect macrophages)--> IL12, IFNgamma
2. IL4,10 produced by TH1

Front 82

1. what stimulates TH2
2. what inhibits TH2

Back 82

1. extracellular pathogens --> IL4
2. IFN-gamma

Front 83

superag

Back 83

cross-link variable B (tcell) to a (MHCII) --> polyclonal activation of T cells

Front 84

2 ex of thymus-independent ag

Back 84

Ag w/ no peptide structure:
1. lipopolysaccharide from cell envelope of gm-
2. polysaccharide capsular Ag

Front 85

Ab with lowest affinity and highest avidity

Back 85

IgM

Front 86

Ab in breast milk

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IgA

Front 87

what activates the alternative complete pathway

Back 87

bacterial polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides of cell envelope of gm-

Front 88

what activates the classic complete pathway

Back 88

Ag/Ab complexes (IgM and IgG)

Front 89

Inappropriate activation of the complement cascade is controlled at the level of _____

Back 89

C1,3,5

Front 90

what does tx with pepsin produce

Back 90

divalent F(ab)2 fragment
destruction of Fc

Front 91

what does tx with papsin produce

Back 91

two monovalent Fab fragments
destroys Fc

Front 92

when do neonates start to make Ab

Back 92

they make IgM immediately
all others after 1yr
they get IgG from mom

Front 93

child who can't make IgG, IgA, IgE
hyper-macroglobulinemia

Back 93

Absence of CD40 (can't isotype switch)

Front 94

child who can't make genetic rearrangements necessary to form the idiotype of the Ab molecule. Would not affect isotype

Back 94

absence of Tdt

Front 95

child with no secretory IgA
monomeric IgM
normal IgA,IgE, IgG

Back 95

Absence of J chains

Front 96

Most important complement component in clearing extracellular pathogens

Back 96

3b

Front 97

how do CD8+ T-cells kill

Back 97

perforins
cytokines
granymes
Fas/FasL

Front 98

CD8+ T-cells:
what enhances their function
what inhibits

Back 98

IFNa, IFNB, IL-12
MHC class I

Front 99

CD14

Back 99

macrophage

Front 100

cytokine: increase expression of MHC class I and II

Back 100

IFNgamma

Front 101

risks of passive immunization (3)

Back 101

IgE production
Type III hypersensitivity
Anti-allotype Ab

Front 102

what kind of vaccine is HIB

Back 102

T-cell dependent

Front 103

Response type:
1. Live vaccines
2. Killed

Back 103

1CMI, HMI
2. Ab

Front 104

minor AA variations in constant domain of heavy and light chains. Expression is genetically determined.

Back 104

allotype

Front 105

3D shape of the Ag-combinding site of an Ab or TCR

Back 105

idiotype

Front 106

what immunoglobulin marker should be use in paternity tetxt

Back 106

allotype

Front 107

recurrent infection with bacteria
chemotactic and degranulation defects
absent NK activity
partial albinism

Back 107

chediak-higashi syndrome (granule structural defect)

Front 108

recurrent infections w/ catalase+ bacteria
anemia

Back 108

G6PD deficiency

Front 109

Low IgG of all classes
no circulating B cells
disease with B cells stoped at pre-B cell stage
normal CMI

Back 109

Bruton X-linked hypogammaglobulinemia (deficiency of tyrosine kinase)

Front 110

marked increase in immune complex disease, increased infecitons with pyogenic bacteria

Back 110

deficiency in classic complement pathway (C1q, C1r, C1s, C4, C2)

Front 111

Increased Neisseria infection

Back 111

deficiency in alternative pathway (factor B, properdin) or C5,6,7,8

Front 112

loss of humoral and cellular responses
thrombocytopenia
eczema

Back 112

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome (defect in cytoskeletal glycoprotein)