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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ORAL meds PROs
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~Most Common
~easy to give and swallow ~most meds come in this form ~not very expensive ~can be reversible if overdosed |
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Capsules
Elixirs Emulsions Suspensions Syrups Tablets |
Capsules - gelatin
Elixir - alcohol Emulsions - oil, bitter taste Suspensions - shake your money maker Syrups - high sugar - bitter nasty-ness |
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Giving Meds - Basic Beginning steps
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Check accuracy of order and time to be given
~wash hands ~Assemble equipment ~Read order on med form and get right med ~Compare med order with label on container CHECK RIGHTS |
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Enteral Meds
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Through the oral, nasogastric or rectal route
(GI) |
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Nasogastric tube remember
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flush with mix 30 mL of water with crushed med
~Aspirate stomach contents or push 5 - 10 mL air to hear if it is in lungs (CHECKING PLACEMENT OF TUBE) ~Turn off the sucker thingy ~Flush with 50 mL water when all done - dont forget to turn sucker back on after 30 mins |
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Parental Route
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(skin)
intradermal sub-q intramuscular IV |
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The larger the # of the gauge the BLANK the hole
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SMALLER
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IV ~ Gauge ~ Volume Injected
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15-22 Unlimited
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Giving Parental Meds
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~Check med order with Kardex for accuacy and time
~Wash ~Equipment ~Read order on med and get correct med ~Compare med card with label on caontainer RIGHTS ~Attach needle to syringe - keep cap on ~Open med ~Compare med card with label 2nd time ~Insert needle in med and fill ~Put unused med away ~Change needle IF med was drawn through a rubber stopper or multidose vial ~Bedside - ID patient THEN explain and glove ~alchol site etc |
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2 meds one syringe rule
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Compatibility of the 2 meds must be known
~air must be injected into BOTH bottles before any medication is withdrawn (to avoid sucking med already in syringe down into another bottle) ~MED WITH SHORTER action or WEAKER dose drawn FIRST |
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Intradermal Degree
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15 degrees making a BLEB (25 guage short needle)
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Sub -q degree gauge etc
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no more than 2 mL between dermis and muscle layer (insulin or heparin)
25 or 27 gauge 45 degrees upper arms (faster), thighs or butt |
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Intramuscular
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most common route
past the dermis and sub q into the deepest layer of muscle if more than 3 mL give in 2 doses 20-22 guage 90 degree or dart toss haha |
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5 muscles for im injection
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deltoid
dorsogluteal rectus femoris vastus lateralis ventrogluteal muscles |
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Precutaneous
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absobtion - topical;
clean, soften, disinfect or lubricate eyes, ears, nose, mouth, vagina lotions, creams, powders, ointment inhalation |
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contraindications
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factors that rule out the use of a drug
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antitussives
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relieve cough
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asthma
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increased airway inflammation and mucus production leading to bronchiolar constirction or narrowing. To problem breathing in, but the lumens become smaller when breathe out - trapping air in lungs
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bronchospasm
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narrowing or collapse of bronchial airways
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bronchiodilators
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open the bronchi and allow air to pass out of the lungs more freely (sympathbla bla and xanthirine)
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corticosteriods
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most potent and effective in long term asthma. block reaction to allergens and reduce airway problems
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decongestant
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relieve nasal congestion from allergies and URIs or ear infections
Adverse: stinging/burning; topical nervous ness, nausea, dizziness, tachy, dysrhythmia. |
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expectorants
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decrease the thickness of respiratory secretions and aid in their removal
tx: productive cough or chronic respiratory disease with thick mucus A.R. GI upset May increase bleeding tendency |
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Topical Intranasal Steroids
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antinflammitory, decrease local congestion
Tx: allergic, mechanical or chemical induced nasal inflamation or polyps A.R. asthma, headache, light headed, loss of smell, nasal irritation dryness Check for tb, herpes, local infections, pregnancy, fungal infections DO NOT GET SMALL POX VACCINE |
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ADULT IM NORMAL
AND VISCOUS |
NORM - 22-23
VISC 20-21 |
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1 g is BLANK grains
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15 grains
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1 grain is BLANK milligrams
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60 mg
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240 mL is BLANK oz
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8 ounces
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agonist vs antagonist
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produces response
block a response |
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4 types of drug action
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1. stimulation or depression (action on receptor site)
2. Replacement (insulin for those who cant make it) 3. Inhibition (killing) Irritation (laxatives to poopie!!!) |
