K118 Chronic Adaptations Of Cv And Rs

Front 1

The effects of training on the CV and respiratory system are generally:

Back 1

aerobic in nature

Front 2

The most important component of physical fitness:

Back 2

aerobic endurance (cardiorespiratory endurance)

Front 3

Poor cardiorespiratory endurance is a major factor in the onset of:

Back 3

fatigue

Front 4

Ability of a single muscle or muscle group to sustain high-intensity, repetitive, or static exercise that occurs in repeated 1-2 min bursts:

Back 4

muscular endurance.

Related to muscular strength and anaerobic development.

Front 5

Ability of the whole body to sustain prolonged, steady-state exercise:

Back 5

cardiorespiratory endurance.

Related to CV and respiratory system development.

Front 6

The purpose of what system is to transport oxygen to the tissues in order to resynthesize ATP via oxidative metabolism?

Back 6

The cardiorespiratory system

Front 7

The rate at which O2 can be delivered and used during MAXIMAL, exhaustive work is termed:

Back 7

maximal oxygen consumption.

VO2max

Front 8

At submaximal levels of work the rate of oxygen delivered and used is termed:

Back 8

VO2

Front 9

Cardiorespiratory endurance training improves the ability to:

Back 9

deliver and use oxygen

Front 10

Most of the changes that occur with training are due to adaptations by what system?

Back 10

cardiovascular system

Front 11

The respiratory system is seldom a:

Back 11

limiter

Front 12

Most of the changes relate to improvements in:

Back 12

stroke volume

Front 13

Which ventricle shows the greatest changes with endurance training?

Back 13

left ventricle

Front 14

The left ventricle experiences changes in:

Back 14

1. internal diameter (increased EDV)

2. wall thickness (more forceful contractions)

Front 15

At submaximal workloads the heart rate:

Back 15

decreases after training

Front 16

At maximal workloads the heart rate:

Back 16

doesn't change or decreases slightly after training.

Front 17

Heart rate change after training is probably due to:

Back 17

1. increased EDV

2. decreased SNS, increased PSNS/vagal tone

Front 18

The time after exercise that it takes your heart to return to its resting rate:

Back 18

heart rate recovery period.

Front 19

After training, heart rate returns to resting level more:

Back 19

quickly after exercise

Front 20

What happens to stroke volume after training?

Back 20

stroke volume increases.

Front 21

The increase in SV after training is due to:

Back 21

1. increased EDV

2. increased LVID ( interior diameter)

3. increased MWT (wall thickness)

4. decreased peripheral vascular resistance

Front 22

This decreases slightly or does not change at rest:

Back 22

cardiac output

Front 23

Increases dramatically at maximal exertion due to the increase in maximal SV:

Back 23

cardiac output

Front 24

Does blood flow increase or decrease with training?

Back 24

blood flow increases with training

Front 25

Reasons why blood flow increases with training:

Back 25

1. new blood capillaries are formed around muscle fibers.

2. increased vasodilation

3. better distribution of blood to active tissues

4. increased blood volume (plasma & RBCs)

Front 26

There is increased blood volume with:

Back 26

training

Front 27

Increased blood volume is primarily due to:

Back 27

increased plasma volume

Front 28

RBCs also increase, but plasma volume increases:

Back 28

more.

Therefore a decrease in hematocrit.

Front 29

Upon training, blood viscosity:

Back 29

decreases

Front 30

Exercise and physical actvity are an important lifestyle modification in the prevention and treatment of:

Back 30

hypertension

Front 31

Regular aerobic exercise has been shown to reduce:

Back 31

blood pressure

Front 32

During aerobic exercise the systolic blood pressure and heart rate:

Back 32

increases

Front 33

During aerobic exercise diastolic blood pressure:

Back 33

remains the same or may decrease slightly

Front 34

Immediately following an exercise bout SBP may:

Back 34

drop below pre-exercise levels.

Front 35

Respiratory adaptations to endurance training are generally seen at:

Back 35

maximal workloads only

Front 36

Which system is seldom a limiter to endurance performance?

Back 36

respiratory system

Front 37

What happens to pulmonary ventilation during maximal effort (after trained)?

Back 37

it increases

Front 38

What happens to pulmonary diffusion at maxmimal work rates?

Back 38

it increases

Front 39

What happens to the a-v O2 diff with training due to more oxygen being extracted by tissues?

Back 39

it increases

Front 40

Components of physical fitness:

Back 40

1. cardiorespiratory fitness

2. muscular strength

3. muscular endurance

4. flexibility

5. body composition

Front 41

Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is considered the best measure of:

Back 41

cardiorespiratory fitness

Front 42

Formula for aerobic fitness:

Back 42

aerobic fitnss (VO2max) = O2 transport x O2 use

Front 43

Fick Equation:

Back 43

aerobic fitness (VO2max) = O2 transport x O2 use

OR

VO2max = Q x a-v O2 diff

Front 44

Increases in VO2 are primarily due to increases in:

Back 44

1. cardiac outout

2. blood flow

Front 45

Other factors affecting VO2 include:

Back 45

1. prior level of fitness

2. specificity of training

3. age

4. gender

5. genetics

Front 46

What happens to VO2 at submaximal workloads (after trained)?

Back 46

VO2 decreases

VO2max is increased after training.

Front 47

Chronic adaptations of the cardiorespiratory system result in improvements to metabolism as well as:

Back 47

1. lactate threshold

2. respiratory exchange ratio (RER)

Front 48

At submaximal workloads lactate levels are:

Back 48

decreased

Front 49

There is delayed accumulation of lactic acid due to improvements in oxygen:

Back 49

1. delivery

2. utilization

Front 50

Increased lactate levels are achieved at:

Back 50

maximal workloads

Front 51

Improvements in endurance performance:

Back 51

1. peak VO2max

or

2. perform at higher % VO2max

Front 52

Respiratory Exchange Ratio:

Back 52

1. decreases for submax levels (improved O2 consumption)

2. increases at max levels (tolerate greater workoads)

Front 53

Summary of Chronic adaptations:

Back 53

1. cardiac hypertrophy

2. increased SV

3. decreased HR

4. Q higher at submax levels

5. increases Q at max levels

Front 54

Summary of Chronic adaptations (cont.):

Back 54

6. increased blood volume

7. decreased post-ex BP

8. ventilation increased at max workloads

9.. pulmonary diffusion increased at max workloads

Front 55

Summary of Chronic adaptations (cont.):

Back 55

10. increased a-v O2 diff

11. increased lactate threshold

12. increased VO2max

13. decreased VO2 at submax workloads