Jz Uhcl Cellular Physiology Exam 3 Lecture 7

Front 1

***/*** membrane is continuous w/outer layer of the nuclear envelope.

Back 1

SER/RER

Front 2

1) SRP?
2) SRPR?

Back 2

1) Signal Recognition PARTICLE
2) Receptor

Front 3

1) There's *** method of transport out of the ER...
2) which is goes to the ***
2) However, another method is through *** *** ***.

Back 3

1) one
2) golgi
3) membrane contact sites

Front 4

--- ER Export ---
*** *** ***: ER & other organelles transfer *** and other *** molecules through membranes.

Back 4

Membrane Contact Sites
lipids --- small molecules

Front 5

--- Smooth ER ---
1) Synthesis of *** and ***
2) *** of carbohydrates
3) *** detoxification
4) *** metabolism

Back 5

1) lipids --- steroids
2) Metabolism
3) Drug
4) Steroid

Front 6

*** ER is used during synthesis of proteins destined for the ***.

Back 6

Rough

secretory pathway

Front 7

1) A *** determines where mRNA is translated.
2) After translation it's cleaved by *** ***.

Back 7

1) 20-26 AA sequence
2) cleaved --- signal peptidase

Front 8

***-terminus end of protein contains # *** address tag.

Back 8

N-terminus
4 AA

Front 9

The Nucleus is 1 of 3 organelles having...

Back 9

double membrane

Front 10

The *** gets smaller or bigger depending on toxin levels.

Back 10

Smooth ER

Front 11

SRP binds the 'signal peptide' of *** *** peptide emerging from ribosome causing *** ***.

Back 11

newly synthesized
elongation arrest

Front 12

*** are a cluster of ribosomes bound to mRNA molecule.

(*** or ***)

Back 12

Polyribosomes

(polysomes or ergosomes)

Front 13

--- Polyribosomes ---
Three forms?
1) ***
2) *** bound
3) *** bound

Back 13

1) free
2) cytoskeletal bound
3) membrane bound

Front 14

--- Polyribosomes ---
Two cycles?
1) *** Ribosome Cycle
2) ***-*** Ribosome Cycle
3) Common *** of ribosomal subunits in ***

Back 14

1) Free
2) Membrane-Bound
3) pool --- cytosol

Front 15

--- SRP ---
Facilitates these processes...
1) *** translation
2) *** translocation.

Back 15

1) protein translation
2) protein translocation.

Front 16

***: Freshly generated.

Back 16

nascent

Front 17

--- 'signal peptide' ---
1) *** AA long.
2) *** to water

Back 17

1) 20-26 AA
2) hydrophobic

Front 18

Until translation, ribosomal subunits...

Back 18

don't join.

Front 19

--- SRP ---
Don't confuse what?

Back 19

Signal Recognition
+++PARTICLE+++
with
----protein----

Front 20

1) SRP Don't forget?

Back 20

1) PARTICLE

Front 21

--- ER translocators ---
1) Eukaryotes: *** complex
2) Bacteria: ***
3) Classified functionally as ***.
4) Classically named one...

Back 21

1) Sec62 complex
2) SecA
3) translocons
4) Ribophorin

Front 22

1) ***: Proteins assisting non-covalent folding/un/assembly/dis of macromolecular structures.
2) ***: Our example... in ER lumen binding incoming and outgoing proteins.

Back 22

1) Chaperones
2) Binding immunoglobulin protein(BiP)

Front 23

BiP?

Back 23

Binding immunoglobulin Protein

Front 24

***: AA peptide on *** end keeping/attracting all proteins to ER(even Golgi). Leave only if sequence is cleaved.

Back 24

KDEL
N-Terminus

Front 25

--- KDEL ---
K?
D?
E?
L?

Back 25

K--Lys--Lysine
D--Asp--Aspartic acid
E--Glu--Glutamic acid
L--Leu--Leucine

Front 26

***: is used to mark proteins in Golgi for transport to ER.

Back 26

KDEL

Front 27

1) Transmembrane proteins inserted into membrane through ***.
2) *** sequence starts transfer...
3) *** sequence stops transfer...

Back 27

1) translocation
2) start-transfer sequence
3) stop-transfer sequence

Front 28

N-linked glycosylation begin with addition of a *** precursor through the *** enzyme.

Back 28

14-sugar
oligosaccharyltransferase

oligo saccharyl transferase

Front 29

Transfers 14-sugar to protein.

Back 29

oligosaccharyl transferase

Front 30

1) ***: Chaperone ensuring only properly folded/assembled proteins proceed thru secretory pathway.
2) Protein is given *** chances to be sent to golgi.

Back 30

1) Calnexin
2) 3

Front 31

GPI? Spelled?
Anchors protein to cell membrane.
Directs to ER > Golgi > ECM

Back 31

glycosylphosphatidylinositol

glycosyl - phosphatidyl - inositol

Front 32

--- Phospholipid Transverse Diffusion ---
1) ER membrane protein...
2) Plasma membrane protein...

Back 32

1) scramblase
2) flippase

Front 33

3 Pathways out of Golgi
1)
2)
3)

Back 33

1) lysosome
2) cell exterior
3) cell exterior (default no signal)

Front 34

VTC(*** *** ***): Compartment mediating trafficking between the ER & Golgi carried on ***.

Back 34

VTC(Vesicular tubular cluster)
microtubules

Front 35

Vesicles w/*** coat merge into traveling VTC(vesicular tubular cluster).

Back 35

COPII

Front 36

Cells in the *** have many Golgi.

Back 36

intestines

Front 37

--- Golgi Complex ---
1) *** cisterna
2) *** cisterna
3) *** cisterna

Back 37

1) cis
2) media
3) trans

Front 38

--- Golgi Complex ---
1) *** Golgi network(***)
2) *** Golgi network(***)

Back 38

1) Cis --- (CGN)
2) Trans --- (TGN)

Front 39

--- Golgi Complex ---
1) *** face - enter
2) *** face - exit

Back 39

1) cis
2) trans

Front 40

--- Golgi Complex ---
1) *** Golgi networks
2) *** cisternas
3) *** faces

Back 40

1) two
2) three
3) two

Front 41

***: Vesicle coat protein transporting proteins from cis-Golgi back to RER.

Back 41

COPI (COat Protein complex I)

Front 42

***: Type of vesicle coat protein transporting proteins from RER to Golgi apparatus.

Back 42

COPII (COat Protein complex II)

Front 43

COPII?

Back 43

COat Protein complex II

Front 44

The 14-sugar group on proteins is modified in the ***.

Back 44

Golgi

Front 45

The different *** of Golgi modify different things.

Back 45

cisterna

Front 46

1) M6P?
2) M6PR?

Back 46

1) mannose-6-phosphate
2) mannose-6-phosphate receptor

Front 47

Lysosomal enzymes are tagged w/***--***-*** and sent to lysosome.

Back 47

mannose-6-phosphate

Front 48

1) M6P / M6PR complex disassociate because of...
2) M6P stays in early endosome because...

Back 48

1) acidic pH
2) phosphatase (deP'd)

Front 49

1) There are *** pathways from Golgi to ECM.
2) What are they?

Back 49

1) two
2) Constitutive & Regulated Secretory Pathway

Front 50

POMC?
*** makes this molecule functional

Back 50

preproopiomelanocorticotropin
pre pro opio melano cortico tropin

proteolysis

Front 51

***: Catabolic process involving the degradation of a cell's own components through the lysosomal machinery.

Back 51

Autophagy

Front 52

Autophagy uses membrane from ***.

Back 52

ER

Front 53

Three routes of cellular digestion
1)
2)
3)

Back 53

1) Autophagy
2) Endocytosis
3) Phagocytosis

Front 54

*** are to plants as lysosomes are to animals.

Back 54

Vacuole

Front 55

***: Organelles containing oxidative enzymes such as catalase,

Back 55

Peroxisomes

Front 56

*** catalyzes hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. One molecule converts catalyzes *** molecules per second.

Back 56

Catalase
40 million

Front 57

1) *** causes organelle to split.
2) *** causes organelles to join.

Back 57

1) Fission
2) Fussion

Front 58

What AA is important in glycosylation?
What type and where?

Back 58

asparagiNe - Asn
O-linked - 1st of 2...
N-linked - 1st of 1...

Front 59

3 forms of Asparagine?

Back 59

N - Asn

Front 60

1) N-linked glycosylation of *** in ***.
2) O-linked glycosylation of *** in ***.

Back 60

1) Nitrogen --- ER
2) Oxygen of hydroxyl --- Golgi apparatus

Front 61

--- O-linked Glycosylation ---
1) O of these AA(3 forms)
2) When followed by...

Back 61

1) (Ser)ine, (Thr)eonine, (tYr)osine
2) (asp)aragiNe

Front 62

--- N-linked Glycosylation ---
1) N of these AA(3 forms)
2) When followed by...

Back 62

1a) asparagiNe - Asn
1b) (aRg)inine
2) nothing

Front 63

*** *** holds sugars being attached to *** during ***-glycosylation.

Back 63

dolichol bisphosphate
asparagine - N - Asn
N-glycosylation

Front 64

***: Vesicle-like artifacts re-formed from pieces of ER of cells broken-up in the laboratory

Back 64

Microsomes

Front 65

***: Vesicles not ordinarily present in living cells.

Back 65

Microsomes

Front 66

Example of complex oligosaccharide...

Back 66

sialic acid
NANA
N-acetylneuraminic acid

Front 67

The *** is a special type of smooth ER found in muscle.

Back 67

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Greek sarx = flesh