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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an air mass?
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Large body of air that is essentially uniform in temperature and moisture conditions in a horizontal plane.
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Which is more stable, Warm Air Mass or Cold Air Mass?
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Warm = Stable; Cold = Unstable
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What is a front?
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A boundary between two contrasting air masses
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In a front, how many degrees is the wind shift?
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90 DEGREES
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How can you determine which way the winds rotate when they shift 90* in a front?
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Clockwise. It'll end up Parallel ahead of, and Perpendicular behind the front.
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How does pressure shift as a front rolls through?
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Pressure falls initially, then rises as the front passes
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Which front moves faster, Cold or Warm?
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Cold fronts move faster.
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Fronts move which way in relation to the chart line representing them
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Perpendicular
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4 frontal discontinuities?
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Temperature, Moisture (dew point), Pressures, and Winds
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Where is most significant frontal weather?
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Lower Layers of Altitude and in the Frontal Zone ahead of front
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What factor is used to name a front?
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Temperature Change (If the temp gets warmer after the front passes, it's a warm front)
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What is used to determine the air mass boundary?
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Dew Point
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Does a Larger or Smaller Dew Point produce more severe weather? Or is Dew Point irrelevant?
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Larger Dew Point Spread = Increase Severity in Weather
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What factors influence frontal weather?
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Amount of Moisture; Degree of stability of lifted air; Slope of Front; Speed of Frontal Movement; Temp and moisture contrasts between fronts
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Which Front leads to clearing skies after the front passes?
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Cold Front
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Flying problems related to Cold Fronts?
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Wind Shifts, Ceiling and Visability, Turbulence, Precipitation and icing, Thunderstorms/Squall lines.
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How can you recognize a Cold Front in Flight?
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Long line of Cumuliform Clouds on the horizon ahead of you means one is approaching
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What are typical direction and speeds of Cold Front winds?
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Southeasterly at 20knots
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Which has a narrower frontal zone, cold or warm front?
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Cold
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How far ahead of ______ fronts do Squall lines form?
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Cold and 50-300 miles ahead
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How can you define a Warm Front?
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Warm air advances over dense cold air.
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Warm Front Flying Problems?
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Wind Shifts, Ceiling and Visability, Turbulence, Precipitation and icing, Thunderstorms/Squall lines.
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How can you recognize a Warm Front in flight?
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Stratiform Cloud is most common cloud formed in a warm front. Steady precip increases as front approaches
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What is the slope like with a warm front as it overtakes cold air?
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Extensive forward slope
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In a warm front, where does the weather occur?
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Ahead of the surface front
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What is depicted as "alternating cold and warm front symbols" on a weather chart?
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Stationary front
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Is the weather that a stationary chart more similar to warm or cold front?
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Warm
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How does an occluded front form?
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Cold Front overtakes a Warm Front
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When the Warm Front in an occluded front touches the ground, it's called a_______ ________ __________.
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Warm Front Occlusion
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What is an inactive front also known as?
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No clouds or precipitation but wind shift and temperature change still occur and can cause unfacorable flying conditions.
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What 4 properties are used to locate and classify fronts?
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Tempurature, Dew Point, Pressure, and Wind
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What parameters of an air mass are generally uniform when measured across a horizontal plane?
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Temperature and Moisture
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How will the winds shift during a cold front passage?
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From the SW to NW
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How are squall lines depicted on surface charts?
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Dashed, Double-Dotted, Purple Line
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How far ahead of a warm front can the associated cloud system reach?
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500 to 700 Miles
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What type of wind shift will you expect to find when encountering a stationary front?
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180° wind shift since surface winds tend to blow parallel on both sides of the front
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What kind of weather can be expected when flying through an occluded front?
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The weather associated with both the cold and warm fronts
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Where is the most secere weather generally located with respect to an occluded front?
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100nm South to 300nm North of the frontal intersection
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What type of frontal system usually has no clouds or precipitation?
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An inactive front
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At what level above the surface do the differences between two air masses forming a front become negligible?
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15,000 to 20,000 ft
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Every front is located in a _______.
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Trough of Low Pressure
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Which frontal system has a more shallow slope, a cold front or warm front?
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A Warm Front
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Lines of fast moving thunderstorms are known as _________.
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Squall Lines
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How does the wind normally shift with the passage of a warm front?
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From SE to SW (90°)
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What type of weather is usually associated with a stationary front?
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Weather similar to a warm front, but usually less intense.
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A front is named according to
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the temperature change
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Where are fronts located in
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Troughs of low pressure
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As a front passes, pressure ___ then ____.
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fasssl then rises
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Where does the greatest contrast between air masses exist?
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At the surface
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In cold fronts, frontal lifting creates
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unstable conditions
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What is a squall line?
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A line of severe thunderstorms
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Where do squall lines form?
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50-300 miles ahead of cold front
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A stationary front is similar to a ____ front, but usually less
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warm, severe
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How is a stationary front depicted?
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Alternating cold & warm front symbols
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A stationary front can align in ___ direction
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any
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When is an occluded front formed?
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When a cold front overtakes a warm front
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In an occluded front, where does the worst wx occur?
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100 miles South to 300 miles North
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What is another name for an inactive front?
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Dry front
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Does a dry front have clouds or precipitation?
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No
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How are squall lines depicted on surface charts?
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Dashed, Double-Dotted, Purple Line
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