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2 Cards in this Set
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Demerol (Trade-Meperidine, Pethidine)
Classification:therapeutic-Opioid Analgesics Pharmacologic: Opioid Agonists |
Indications-moderate or severe pain (alone or w/ non opioid agents). Anasthesia adjunct. Analgesic during labor. Preoperative sedation. Unlabeled uses: Rigors.
Dose Ranges: Analgesia-50-150 mg q 3-4hr, during labor 50-100 mg IM when contracting becomes regular, may repeat q 1-3 hour, Pre-op sedation-50-100 mg IM or subcut 30-90 min. before anasthesia, IV-15-35 mg/hr as a cont. infusion, PCA-10 mg, initially with a range of 1-5 mg/incremental dose, rec. lockout interval is 6-10 min. (minimum 5 min.) Routes: PO, IM, Subcut, IV Spec. Nurs. Ind. & Considerations: Assess BP, Pulse and Resps before and and during administration. If Resp <10, dose may need to be decreased by 25-50%. Assess type, location and intensity of pain prior to and 1 hr following administration. Use equianalgesic chart when changing from one opioid to another. Assess Bowel function routinely. Assess for physical dependance to drug. Monitor for CNS stimulation. May raise plasma amylase and lipase concentrations. Special side/Toxic Effects: Confusion, sedation, dysphoria, euphoria, floating feeling, hallucinations, headache, unusual dreams, hypotension, bradycardia, flushing, sweating, nausea, vomiting, physical dependance, tolerance, psychological dependance. Do not use in pts receiving MAO inhibitors or procarbozine, may be FATAL. Naloxone (Narcan) is opioid antagonist. Dilute 0.4 mg ampule of Naloxone in 10 ml of NS and administer 0.5 ml by direct IV push every 2 min. |
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Vitamin K (Generic and Trade name: Aquamephyton, Mephyton)
Classification-Therapeutic: antidotes, vitamins Pharmacologic: fat-soluble vitamins |
Indications: Prevention and treatment of hypoprothrombinmia, which may be associated with: Excessive doses of oral anticoagulants, Salicylates, certain anti-infective agents, nutritional deficiencies, prolonged total parenteral nutrition. Prevention of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.
Route/Dosage: IV route should be reserved for emergencies, subcut route preferred. For Hypoprothrombinemia: Subcut, IM, IV-10 mg, PO: 2.5-25 mg a day. For Prevention of Hypoprothrombinimia: IV-5-10 mg once weekly For Oral Anticoagulant Overdose- Subcut, IV: 2.5-10 mg/dose (rarely up to 25-50 mg has been used) may repeat 12-48 hrs after oral route. Special Nursing Indications-Monitor for frank and occult bleeding, monitor pulse and BP freq., notify physician if signs of internal bleeding or hypovolemic shock develop. Monitor prothrombin time prior to and through out therapy. Side Effects/Toxic Effects: Gastric upset, unusual taste, flushing rash, hemolytic anemia, pain at injection site, swelling, allergic reactions, |
