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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How old is the Jewish people?
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3000 years
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Who does the Bible say Jews descend from?
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Abraham, Isaac, Jacob
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Where did Jacob's family prosper and multiply?
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Goshen, Egypt
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What was the name of the mountain where Moses received God's law?
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Horeb or Sinai
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What is the Law of Moses called by Jews?
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Torah
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Who is a Jew (according to Wouk)?
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Israelites, descended from the small nation which came out of the Sinai Desert into Canaan w/ a small tradition of liberation from Egypt under a lawgiver/deliverer named Moses.
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If a Jew converts to another faith, is he still a Jew.
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Yes, through heritage.
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What is the nearest thing to an encyclopedia in Judaism?
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Babylon Talmud
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How many commandments does Judaism (the Law) have?
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613
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What is the "the core of Judaism?"
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Right conduct to other people; what is offensive to you, do not do to others.
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What is the only strictly Jewish symbol in the Ten Commandments?
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Sabbath
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What does the Sabbath achieve?
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Recurring sign & reminder of nature / keeps fresh awareness that visions of creation & destiny of Israel exist
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Under what conditions do the restrictive laws of the Sabbath vanish?
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Emergency, illness, disaster, urgent rescue.
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What is the nature of the Jewish calendar?
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3 seasons: spring, summer, fall. 12 moon months of 30-29 days. 19 year cycle w/ 7 leap months to keep Passover on spring
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What is the spring festival of Judaism called?
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Pesakh & Passover
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What is a seder?
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Retelling of Exodus story by family & guests
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What holiday does Seder belong to?
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Passover
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What is Shavuos or Pentecost?
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means 50 days in greek; week in Hebrew
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When is Pentecost?
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50 days after a measure (omer) of barley is brought to the temple on the 2nd day of passover
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What is Sukos or Sukkot?
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Autumn feast where people live in huts for 7 days and nights remembering when they lived in the desert
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What is a Sukos called in English
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The Festival of Tabernacles
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When does Sukos occur?
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Autumnal equinox or 15th of Tishri
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What does a family build on Sukos?
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Huts roofed by green boughs, palm branches, or reeds
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What are the High Holy Days?
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Yom Kippur and Rosh Hashana
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What is the Jewish New Year called?
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Rosh Hashana
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When is Rosh Hashana
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1st day of 7th month (Tishri)
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What are the Days of Awe
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Same as High Holy Days a.k.a. Ten Days of Repentance
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What is Yom Kippur
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Day of Atonement, "Afflicting one's soul". All day spent in the synagogue
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What is Tisha B'Av
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The 9th day of Av when Babylonians sacked the temple. Later, romans destroyed it
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What is Purim
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Feast of Esther; nearest thing to a carnival; celebrates deliverance from the hitler-like Haman
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What is Hanuka
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Festival of Lights. Means dedication. Celebrates the rebellion against Antioches & Greeks and restoring the temple to worship in 165 BC
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Who were the Maccabees?
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Jewish rebels led by Judah Maccabee who in the Maccabean war swept the Greeks from Judea
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In the beginning, what was the function of the synagogue
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Popular law school / study hall
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What is the main function of the synagogue today?
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Reading the Torah week by week
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What is the Sh'ma? What is the Smone Esrai?
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The Creed & the Service
Literally: The Hear & the Eighteen |
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Is what language is Jewish prayer performed
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Hebrew
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What one scripture does every Jew in the world know by heart?
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Deuteronomy 6:4 "Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is one."
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What does the word Kosher mean?
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Fit. Proper/suitable
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What is a "mezuza." Where is it placed?
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Scriptures affixed in doorways. Means doorpost. Contains Shem Yisrael
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Jewish law on slaughter of animals demands that slaughter be _____
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A single instantaneous severance of the carotid artery in the neck
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Circumcision: what is a "bris?" What is a "mohel?"
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The event celebrating the circumcision. Means "covenant." 8 days after birth. Mohel = circumciser
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What and when is a "bar mitzva?" What about "bat mitzva?"
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"Son of the commandment" Age 13, boy receives Aliha; considered graduation as practitioner of Judaism. Bat Mitzva is for girls age 12
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What is Kaddish, and when is it said?
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Formal mourning / burial immediately upon death. Community prayer
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How long is Shiva, and what is done? How long is a "shloshim?"
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7 - days, seated on low stools, receiving a continuous stream of condolence calls.
Shloshim is 30 days -- Jews resume normal activities, avoid places of entertainment, and continue to observe certain forms & prayers |
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What do Jews call the "Old Testament"
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Hebrew Bible
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What is the Talmud? What is the Mishna? What is the Gemara?
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Talmud is made up of the Mishna and Gemara. Mishna is a report of legal decisions from a line of judges. Gemara means the "completion," made up of commentary / analysis of Mishna
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What is the term for th Talmud's parables, sermons, and allegories?
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The Hagada
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The core of Jewish common law is ______
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precedent
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What kind of damages does "an eye for an eye" refer to?
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Monetary
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Who was Maimonides? Who was Rambam? Why is he important?
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He reconciled encyclopedias worth of knowledge into the Mishna Tora. He was a Spanish Jew
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What is the Shulkhan Aruch? Who produced this work?
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Means "The Ready Table." Produced by Joseph Caro
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What is Yiddishkeit? What is a Ghetto?
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In Germany, the inevitable blend of speech & dress.
Community of Jews |
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Who are Hassidim and what is the Cabala they practice?
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Started by Baal Shem Tov, 1700 Poland.
Cabala is "strange, efflorescence of magic, mystery, and poetry in Jewish Lore. |
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Who are the Orthodox Jews?
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Netura Karta? Or a mashup of Hassidic, neo-hassidic, Mizrach, Sefards, etc.
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Who are the Reform Jews? When did their movement start and where?
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w/ enlightenment, Jews in Germany reformed / westernized Jewry into a more convenient / attractive beleif
Germany, early 19th century |
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Who are the Conservative Jews? When did their movement start and where?
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In between reform & orthodoxy.
Branched off of reform early in its growth |
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What is assimilation?
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intermarrying & disappearing of the Jews
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How do Israelis say "it will be okay?"
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Yihyeh Beseder
(It will be in order) |