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58 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
How old is the Jewish people?
3000 years
Who does the Bible say Jews descend from?
Abraham, Isaac, Jacob
Where did Jacob's family prosper and multiply?
Goshen, Egypt
What was the name of the mountain where Moses received God's law?
Horeb or Sinai
What is the Law of Moses called by Jews?
Torah
Who is a Jew (according to Wouk)?
Israelites, descended from the small nation which came out of the Sinai Desert into Canaan w/ a small tradition of liberation from Egypt under a lawgiver/deliverer named Moses.
If a Jew converts to another faith, is he still a Jew.
Yes, through heritage.
What is the nearest thing to an encyclopedia in Judaism?
Babylon Talmud
How many commandments does Judaism (the Law) have?
613
What is the "the core of Judaism?"
Right conduct to other people; what is offensive to you, do not do to others.
What is the only strictly Jewish symbol in the Ten Commandments?
Sabbath
What does the Sabbath achieve?
Recurring sign & reminder of nature / keeps fresh awareness that visions of creation & destiny of Israel exist
Under what conditions do the restrictive laws of the Sabbath vanish?
Emergency, illness, disaster, urgent rescue.
What is the nature of the Jewish calendar?
3 seasons: spring, summer, fall. 12 moon months of 30-29 days. 19 year cycle w/ 7 leap months to keep Passover on spring
What is the spring festival of Judaism called?
Pesakh & Passover
What is a seder?
Retelling of Exodus story by family & guests
What holiday does Seder belong to?
Passover
What is Shavuos or Pentecost?
means 50 days in greek; week in Hebrew
When is Pentecost?
50 days after a measure (omer) of barley is brought to the temple on the 2nd day of passover
What is Sukos or Sukkot?
Autumn feast where people live in huts for 7 days and nights remembering when they lived in the desert
What is a Sukos called in English
The Festival of Tabernacles
When does Sukos occur?
Autumnal equinox or 15th of Tishri
What does a family build on Sukos?
Huts roofed by green boughs, palm branches, or reeds
What are the High Holy Days?
Yom Kippur and Rosh Hashana
What is the Jewish New Year called?
Rosh Hashana
When is Rosh Hashana
1st day of 7th month (Tishri)
What are the Days of Awe
Same as High Holy Days a.k.a. Ten Days of Repentance
What is Yom Kippur
Day of Atonement, "Afflicting one's soul". All day spent in the synagogue
What is Tisha B'Av
The 9th day of Av when Babylonians sacked the temple. Later, romans destroyed it
What is Purim
Feast of Esther; nearest thing to a carnival; celebrates deliverance from the hitler-like Haman
What is Hanuka
Festival of Lights. Means dedication. Celebrates the rebellion against Antioches & Greeks and restoring the temple to worship in 165 BC
Who were the Maccabees?
Jewish rebels led by Judah Maccabee who in the Maccabean war swept the Greeks from Judea
In the beginning, what was the function of the synagogue
Popular law school / study hall
What is the main function of the synagogue today?
Reading the Torah week by week
What is the Sh'ma? What is the Smone Esrai?
The Creed & the Service

Literally: The Hear & the Eighteen
Is what language is Jewish prayer performed
Hebrew
What one scripture does every Jew in the world know by heart?
Deuteronomy 6:4 "Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is one."
What does the word Kosher mean?
Fit. Proper/suitable
What is a "mezuza." Where is it placed?
Scriptures affixed in doorways. Means doorpost. Contains Shem Yisrael
Jewish law on slaughter of animals demands that slaughter be _____
A single instantaneous severance of the carotid artery in the neck
Circumcision: what is a "bris?" What is a "mohel?"
The event celebrating the circumcision. Means "covenant." 8 days after birth. Mohel = circumciser
What and when is a "bar mitzva?" What about "bat mitzva?"
"Son of the commandment" Age 13, boy receives Aliha; considered graduation as practitioner of Judaism. Bat Mitzva is for girls age 12
What is Kaddish, and when is it said?
Formal mourning / burial immediately upon death. Community prayer
How long is Shiva, and what is done? How long is a "shloshim?"
7 - days, seated on low stools, receiving a continuous stream of condolence calls.

Shloshim is 30 days -- Jews resume normal activities, avoid places of entertainment, and continue to observe certain forms & prayers
What do Jews call the "Old Testament"
Hebrew Bible
What is the Talmud? What is the Mishna? What is the Gemara?
Talmud is made up of the Mishna and Gemara. Mishna is a report of legal decisions from a line of judges. Gemara means the "completion," made up of commentary / analysis of Mishna
What is the term for th Talmud's parables, sermons, and allegories?
The Hagada
The core of Jewish common law is ______
precedent
What kind of damages does "an eye for an eye" refer to?
Monetary
Who was Maimonides? Who was Rambam? Why is he important?
He reconciled encyclopedias worth of knowledge into the Mishna Tora. He was a Spanish Jew
What is the Shulkhan Aruch? Who produced this work?
Means "The Ready Table." Produced by Joseph Caro
What is Yiddishkeit? What is a Ghetto?
In Germany, the inevitable blend of speech & dress.

Community of Jews
Who are Hassidim and what is the Cabala they practice?
Started by Baal Shem Tov, 1700 Poland.

Cabala is "strange, efflorescence of magic, mystery, and poetry in Jewish Lore.
Who are the Orthodox Jews?
Netura Karta? Or a mashup of Hassidic, neo-hassidic, Mizrach, Sefards, etc.
Who are the Reform Jews? When did their movement start and where?
w/ enlightenment, Jews in Germany reformed / westernized Jewry into a more convenient / attractive beleif

Germany, early 19th century
Who are the Conservative Jews? When did their movement start and where?
In between reform & orthodoxy.

Branched off of reform early in its growth
What is assimilation?
intermarrying & disappearing of the Jews
How do Israelis say "it will be okay?"
Yihyeh Beseder

(It will be in order)