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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aggadah
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Jewish "lore"
that part of the oral Torah which contains expositions of biblical texts, theologies, philosophies, and stories related to Jewish life |
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Ashkenazim
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Those Jews who come from Europe
especially eastern Europe |
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Bar (Bat) Mitzvah
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"son (daughter) of the commandment"
boys: his attainment of adulthood at age 13 and his obligation to keep the Jewish law. He's called up in the synagogue to read from the Torah girls: similar to boys but she's 12 (no bat mitzvah for orthodox jews) |
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Kosher
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means "fit"
used primarily in relation to food which Jews are permitted to eat |
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Conservative Jews
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halfway between Orthodox and assimilated
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Gemara
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commentary by later rabbis on issues raised in the Mishnah
part of the Talmud Palestinian and Babylonian |
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Halachah
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that part of the oral Torah which is law
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Hanukkah
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the festivals of lights which celebrates the Jewish victory over the Hellenization program of Antiochus IV
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Kasidim
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members of a mystical Jewish movement that emerged in eastern Europe in the 18th century which focuses on the love of and a personal relationship with God
-Group of ultra orthodox jews' -mystical rabbis -long forelocks |
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Kippah
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Hebrew word for the circular head covering worn by many Jewish males
yarmulka |
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Messiah
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means "anointed one"
the anticipated Savior of the Jews earthly |
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Mezuzah
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literally "doorpost"
ritually a small parchment containing the first 2 paragraphs of the Shema which is usually placed in a small box or container and affixed to the doorpost |
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Midrash
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literally "search" for meaning
indicates the portion of the oral traditions not incorporated into the Germana and later the recorded separately written form of the Aggadah |
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Mikveh
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Ritual bath
used by priests or orthodox women (women after their period) |
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Minyan
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10 males (orthodox) or males and females (conservative or reformed) required for certain prayers
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Mishnah
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the written compilation of what had been oral halacha (law)
discussions of the early rabbis it was set down in written form about 200CE |
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Mitnagdim
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opponents of the Hasidim who placed emphasis on learning the tradition rather than emotion
group of Ultra-Orthodox |
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Moses
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the Hebrew prophet who led the Israelites out of Egypt and delivered the Law during their years of wandering in the wilderness
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Orthodox Jews
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groups that live strictly by all the Jewish commandments
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Orthodoxy
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adherence to correct beliefs and doctrines
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Orthopraxy
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adherence to correct actions or practices
more important in Judaism than orthodoxy |
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Passover
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Spring festival celebrating the salvation of the people of Israel when the angel of death passed over Israel's firstborn in Egypt, as well as Israel's ultimate deliverance from bondage
feast of tabernacles |
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Pogrom
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organized riots which resulted in the murder of Jews and the pillaging of their homes and possessions
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Purim
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Spring festival celebrating the deliverance of the Jews in the days of Queen Esther
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Rabbi
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means "my master"
an authorized teacher |
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Reformed Jews
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consider most of the Jewish laws irrelevant to the modern world
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Rosh Hashanah
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Festival celebrating the new year
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Sabbath
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the holy day of rest and reflections observed each Saturday
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Seder
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the order of the ritual of the Passover meal
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Sephardim
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Jews who have come from Spain or Arab lands
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Shema
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literally "hear"
name for Israel's fundamental confession of faith found in Deut. 6:4 |
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Shofar
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the ram's horn sounded 100x on Rosh Hashanah and again to end Yom Kippur
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Succoth
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the Feast of Tabernacles
commemorating divine protection of Israel during her wanderings in the wilderness |
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Synagogue
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a Jewish house of worship
often having facilities for religious instruction |
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Tallit
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Prayer Shawl
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Talmud
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the Mishnah plus the Gemara
the foundational writings of Orthodox Jewish life |
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Tanak
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the made-up name for the Jewish Bible (the Christian Old Testament) based on its 3 parts--Torah, Nevi'im, and Ketuvim
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Tefillin
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2 leather boxes which are worn on the arm and on the forehead at weekday morning prayers
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Torah
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the Pentateuch
the first 5 books of the Tanak |
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Yom Kippur
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the Day of Atonement
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