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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is news?(10)
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:news must be factual, yet not all facts are news
:some can opinion :can only be important to some people :news today, not news tomorrow :two factors important to news is interest and importance :news doesnt have to a report of a recent event :informs or entertains :news can be about events that are about to happen |
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Hard News
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has signifigance and is important to a large group of people. they are of timely events that have just happened or are about to.
EX: GOVERNEMENT, POLITICS, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, FINANCIAL MARKETS |
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Soft News
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usually less important because it entertains, although it may still inform. It includes human interest stories and appeals more to the emotions that intellect.
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Ten Elements of News
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1. Immediacy/ timeliess: most essential element of news.
2. Proximity/ nearness: readers are more interested in events that are geographically close. 3. Consequence/impact: refers to importance or impact. stories that affect every body will be more interesting that one that affects a small group. 4. Prominence: NAMES MAKE NEWS! News can be important because of the people involved's wealth, social position, acheivements. EX: PARIS HILTON 5. Drama: mystery, suspense, comedy 6. Oddity/ unusualness: the weiders, the better 7. Conflict: stories containing drama or oddity EX: BATTLES, FIGHTS, CONTESTS, WAR, SPORTS, CRIME 8. Sex: romance, marriage divorces that are interesting 9. Emotions/Instincts: relates to human desires for food, shelter, and clothing. Universal interest in children and animals. Brings out emotions like fear, jealousy, sympathy, love, and generousity 10. Progress: signifigant change for the betterment of humanity. EX:ADVANCES IN DISEASE, PROBLEMS, FIGHTING COUNTRIES |
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1st Ammendment
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Freedom of Speech was also applied to the press
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Tinker vs Des Moines School
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(1969)
Issue: Whether a student had the right to wear a black arm band to school in protest against the Vietnam War. Outcome: Supreme Court declares that freedom of speech doesn't stop at school gates and administrators can only restrict free expression when it materially disrupts class work or involves substantial disorder or invasion of the rights of others. |
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Prior Restraint
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gives administration a chance to review the copy before publication. They may remove anything libelous or controversial.
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Hazelwood vs Kuhlmeier
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(1988)
Issue:Principal removed 2 pages from a newspaper before publication and didnt tell students. The principal had an issue with 2 articles. One of 3 unnamed pregnant girls and discussed forms of birth controls and one of how divorce affects the children. Outcome: Editors sued in federal court and won, but the school appealed to the supreme court and won. |
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What can the school administrators restrict:
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materials that are...
:biased or prejudiced :vulgar or profane :teenage sexual activity :drug or alcohol use |
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Libel
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a false printed statement that attacks a person's reputation or good name
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How to prove libel(5)
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:Publication
:Identification :Defamation, occurs when false information ridicules or disgraces a person so that they lose respect or suffer finanicial loss. EX: RAPIST, HOOKER :Negligence, printing statements when you're not sure of the validity of it and being careless :Actual Malice, intentionally lying with full knowledge that the information is false. |
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Nut Graph
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States problems clearly and forecasts solution. (focus paragraph)
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Direct Quote
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uses a person's exact words
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Partial Quote
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selects key words from a speaker and inserts them into a reporters sentence
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Indirect Quote
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approximate paraphrase no quotation marks
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Interpretation
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focuses on what the speaker meant, not what they said
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How to avoid libel
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:truth
:priviledge, how you got the information :fair comment/criticism :actual malice test :stauted limitations, expiration date of when you can accuse someone of libel :consent |
