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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vertical integration
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A company that controls several related aspects of the media business. AOL-Time Warner
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Horizontal integration
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A company that owns media of the same type. Think monopoly
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Convergence
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Melding of communications technologies such as print, computers, and electronic mediums
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Push/Pull
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• Pull media are those media you as the consumer choose to interact with. You control the messages you draw in. You choose to read the newspaper and pick out the stories you want to read
• Push media,however, are those thrust upon you. Messages that are uninvited. Advertisements between television programs come to mind. Or airport radio muzak streamed in over the public system |
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Hot/Cool
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• Hot media engage the consumer as they receive the message. For example Books, Magazines, Newspapers. Hot media require a high degree of thinking.
• Cool media, however, are more passive. Radio (maybe), Television, Movies |
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Informative/Entertainment
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• Entertainment media offers a diversion, frivolity, fun. Examples are Records, Movies, Books.
• Informative media, however, gives the consumer useful information or facts |
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Ethnography
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looking at peoples using product in their natural habitat.
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Conglomeration
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A company that owns media companies and businesses unrelated to media. Sony
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Cross-Media ownership
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Company that owns many types of media businesses. Tribune Co., Gannett
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Clustering
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a company will buy papers by region and accumulate large readership
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Synergy
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finding an opportunity to hype products
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24-hour news cycle
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• More reliance on speculation
• More reliance on pundits • Less verification • Tendency to run with story before fully reported • Reliance on polls |
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Hypercommercialism
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Not simply the excessive use of commercials, but also the blurring of promotional practices with media content
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Church & State
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firewall between news and business side, there is a clean separation between the two
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Rating
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The % of the total people the station reaches. 11,000 people listen to station out of total population of 110,000 people. = 10 percent
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Share
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The % of people listening to the radio that tuned into that station. 5,000 tuned in out of 10,000 listeners. 50 percent
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Narrowcasting
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to aim a program or programming at a specific, limited audience or sales market.
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Playlist
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a list of the recordings to be played on the radio during a particular program or time period, often including their sequence, duration,
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Payola
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Bribery of an influential person in exchange for the promotion of a product or service, such that of disc jockeys for the promotion of records
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Artist & Repertoire
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talent scout in music industry
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Telecom Act of 1996
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• In larger markets (45 or more commercial stations) one company can own 8 stations, no more than 5 of one kind.
• In medium markets (30-44 commercial stations) one company can own 7 stations, no more than 4 of one kind. • In small markets (15-29 commercial stations) one company can own 6 stations, no more than 4 of one kind. • Cross-ownership of television and radio • Cross-ownership of newspapers and broadcast stations (individual basis) • Cross-ownership of broadcast and cable. • Previously, were limited to 12 stations total nationwide • After, could own an unlimited number that reached no more than 35 percent of households nationwide |
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Fairness Doctrine
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broadcasting has to have more than one opinion, show both sides in articles.
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Radio Act of 1927, Public convenience, necessity
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Public convenience, interest or necessity requires. 3-year stints
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Cume
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Estimated number people listening for 5 min. of any given 15 minute period
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Network
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a group of transmitting stations linked by wire or microwave relay so that the same program can be broadcast or telecast by all
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Demographic
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- a single vital or social statistic of a human population, as the number of births or deaths
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Message pluralism
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diversity in voices
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Powerful effects theory
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Mass media injects ideas and opinions in our mind. No questions asked.
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Selective perception
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We all are selective in how we process the messages we receive
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Minimal Effects theory
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Mass media has some effect but it is minimal.
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Selective recall
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We each retrieve information from our memory banks differently.
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Two-step flow
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media will directly affect the leaders and the leaders with affect the people
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Cumulative Effects theory
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Powerful media effects are not immediate, rather over time they become powerful in their accumulation. Think TV ads.
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Selective exposure
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We each are exposed to different combinations of media, most of our choosing.
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Agenda Setting
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Media sets the agenda of what’s important in the public discourse
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Narcotizing Dysfunction
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The amount of information so large and overwhelming, people withdraw from public involvement
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Intergenerational Eavesdropping
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Blurs the line of adult conversation and youth.
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Parasocial Interaction
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Creates the experience that the person speaking through the medium is speaking directly to you.
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Stereotyping
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A short hand that sometimes becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy
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Segmenting (TV)
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nitched programming. Certain shows git in certain time slots because of the people watching it.
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Propaganda
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• information, ideas or rumors deliberately spread widely to help or harm a person, movement, institution, nation.
• The particular doctrines or principles propagated by an organization or movement |
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Journalism
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The gathering, reporting, verifying, analyzing and dissemination of information relevant to society
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News Frames
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• Angle of the Story
• Placement of information • Sources Used • Quotes Used and Placement |
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Master Narrative
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Running theme of an issue or subject. Series of news frames can create the master narrative
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Ethnocentrism
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the belief in the inherent superiority of one's own ethnic group or culture
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Altruistic democracy
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social values in the news
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Trends in Newspapers
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• Readership Decline
• Push for Profits |
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Neo-liberalism
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The de-emphasis or rejection of government intervention in an economy that complements or pushes private initiative. Instead it focuses on achieving progress and even social justice through free-market methodsderegulation and fewer restrictions on business operations and economic development. “Trickle Down Economics”
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Objectivity
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A process rather than a goal
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Management by objective
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executive editor in new room manages news room by setting bonus, gets money off of the objective
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Social Capital
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• The aggregate of the actual or potential resources which are linked to possession of a durable network of more or less institutionalized relationships of mutual acquaintance and recognition.”
• The collective value of all “social networks” and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other |
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Ethnic media’s role
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• Helps unite a diaspora of people
• Offers perspectives not available in Mainstream media • Helps create a sense of community • Raises dialogue around issues affecting a particular community •Offers a sense of belonging |
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Tocqueville
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French politician, traveler, and historian. After touring the United States (1831-1832), he wrote Democracy in America (1835), a widely influential study of American institutions
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Cohort analysis
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categorized by generation-baby boomers, generation x
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Psychographics
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the use of demographics to determine the attitudes and tastes of a particular segment of a population, as in marketing studies.
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Geodemographics
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zip codes
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Cost Per Thousand(CPM)
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how much it cost to read a thousand people in advertising
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Galvanic Skin Checks
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hook people up to machines and check physiological response to a product
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Prototype research
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come up with prototype then give to people and watch reaction
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Spiral of Silence
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everybody is saying the same thing- discouraging voices
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Ancillary rights (movies)
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•Video/DVD (8%)
•Pay TV (17 %) •Network/Cable •Airlines •Foreign Distribution •Soundtracks/Songs •Toys/Clothing •Books •College campuses and Military bases |
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Mainstreaming
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To incorporate into a prevailing group.
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