Joints Powerpoint

Front 1

What are sites called where two or more bones meet?

Back 1

Joints or Articulations

Front 2

Our ________ give our skeleton mobility and hold it together.

Back 2

joints

Front 3

In fibrous joints the bones are joined together by _______ tissue and lack a _______ cavity.
(structurally classified)

Back 3

fibrous; joint

Front 4

In cartilaginous joints the bones are joined together by ________ and they lack a ________ cavity.
(structurally classifed)

Back 4

cartilage; joint

Front 5

In ________ joints, the articulating bones are separated by a fluid-containing joint cavity.
(structurally classified)

Back 5

synovial

Front 6

_________ are immovable joints.
(functionally classified)

Back 6

synarthroses

Front 7

_________ are slightly movable joints.
(functionally classified)

Back 7

amphiarthroses

Front 8

_________ are freely movable joints.
(functionally classified)

Back 8

diarthroses

Front 9

How are bones held together at sutures?

Back 9

they are held together with very short connective tissue fibers

Front 10

Where do sutures occur?

Back 10

between bones of the skull

Front 11

In _________, the bones are connected by a ligament, which is a cord or band of fibrous tissue.

Back 11

syndesmoses

Front 12

Why are the joints of the skull considered synarthrotic?

Back 12

because they are immovable

Front 13

What are two ways joints are classified?

Back 13

Structurally
Functionally

Front 14

What are the three structural classification of joints?

Back 14

fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial

Front 15

Epiphyseal plates are united by ___________.

Back 15

Synchondroses

Front 16

What is synchondroses?

Back 16

involves a bar or plate of hyaline cartilage uniting the bones

Front 17

Synovial Joints contain five distinguishing features.
2 out of 5

Back 17

The joint(synovial) cavity is a space that is filled with synovial fluid.

Front 18

What is symphyses?

Back 18

amphiarthrotic joints composed of fibrocartilage that is compressible and resilient yet strong

Front 19

Synovial Joints contain five distinguishing features.
1 out of 5

Back 19

Articular cartilage covers the ends of the articulating bones.

Front 20

Synovial Joints contain five distinguishing features.
3 out of 5

Back 20

The two-layered articular capsule encloses the joint cavity.

Front 21

Synovial Joints contain five distinguishing features.
4 out of 5

Back 21

Synovial fluid is a viscous, slippery fluid that fills all free space within the joint cavity.

Front 22

Synovial Joints contain five distinguishing features.
5 out of 5

Back 22

Reinforcing ligaments cross synovial joints to strengthen the joint.

Front 23

________ and _______ sheaths are bags of lubricant that reduce friction at synovial joints.

Back 23

Bursae; tendon

Front 24

The shapes of the articular surfaces of bones found at a synovial joint determine the movements that occur at the joint.
True or False

Back 24

True
Shape determines how it moves, but does not really play a role in stabilizing the joint.

Front 25

Ligaments help stabilize the joint.
True or False

Back 25

True
It does this by preventing excessive or unwanted movements.

Front 26

The greater the number of ligaments at the joint the greater the stability.
True or False

Back 26

True

Front 27

What is the most important factor stabilizing joint?

Back 27

The muscle tone keeps tendons that cross joints tight. .

Front 28

What are the three types of movements that occur at synovial joints?

Back 28

Gliding
Angular
Rotation

Front 29

________ movements increase or decrease the angle between two bones.

Back 29

Angular

Front 30

Flexion
(7 types of angular movements at synovial joints)
1 out of 7

Back 30

decreases the angle of the joint and brings the articulating bones closer together

Front 31

Extension
(7 angular movements that occur at synovial joints)
2 out of 7

Back 31

increases the angle between the articulating bones

Front 32

Dorsiflexion
(7 angular movements that occur at synovial joints)
3 out of 7

Back 32

decreases the angle between the top of the foot(dorsal surface) and the anterior surface of the tibia

Front 33

Plantar Flexion
(7 angular movements that occur at synovial joints)
4 out of 7

Back 33

decreases the angle between the sole of the foot(plantar surface) and the posterior side of the tibia

Front 34

Abduction
(7 angular movements that occur at synovial joints)
5 out of 7

Back 34

is the movement of a limb(or fingers) away from the midline body (or the hand)
(bring fingers apart)

Front 35

Adduction
(7 angular movements that occur at synovial joints)
6 out of 7

Back 35

the movement of a limb (or fingers) toward the midline of the body (or the hand)
(bring fingers together)

Front 36

Circumduction
(7 angular movements that occur at synovial joints)
7 out of 7

Back 36

moving of a limb so that it describes a cone in the air

Front 37

In _______ movements one flat, or nearly flat, bone surface glides or slips over another.

Back 37

gliding

Front 38

_______ is the turning of a bone along its own long axis.

Back 38

Rotation

Front 39

Pointing the toes is an example of _________.

Back 39

plantar flexion

Front 40

Neck Flexion

Back 40

looking towards the ground
(leaning head foward)

Front 41

Neck Extension

Back 41

looking straight ahead
(keeping head straight)

Front 42

Neck hyperextension

Back 42

looking up
(leaning head back)

Front 43

What is a strain?

Back 43

a pulled muscle

Front 44

What is a sprain?

Back 44

a pulled ligament

Front 45

What is supination?

Back 45

rotating the forearm laterally so that the palm faces anteriorly or superiorly

Front 46

What is pronation?

Back 46

rotation the arm medially so that the palm faces posteriorly or inferiorly

Front 47

What is inversion?
(pertains just to feet)

Back 47

turns the sole of the foot so that it faces medially

Front 48

What is eversion?

Back 48

turns the sole of the foot so that it faces laterally

Front 49

6 types of Synovial Joints

Back 49

Plane Joints
Hinge Joints
Pivot Joints
Condyloid or Ellipsoid Joints
Saddle Joints
Ball and Socket Joints

Front 50

Plane Joints

Back 50

have a flat articular surface and allow gliding and transitional movements

Front 51

Hinge Joints

Back 51

consist of a cylindrical projection that nests in trough-shaped structures, and allow movement along a single plane

Front 52

Condyloid or Ellipsoid Joints

Back 52

consist of an oval articular surface that nests in a complementary depression and permit all angular movements

Front 53

Saddle Joints

Back 53

consist of each articular surface bearing complementary concave and convex areas, and allow more freedom of movement than condyloid joints

Front 54

Ball and Socket Joints

Back 54

consist of a spherical or hemispherical structure that articulates with a cuplike structure.

Front 55

__________ are the most freely moving joints and allow ________ movements.

Back 55

Ball and Socket Joints ; multiaxial

Front 56

Example of Hinge Joint

Back 56

Elbow
Knee

Front 57

Example of pivot joint

Back 57

atlantoaxial joint

Front 58

Example of condyloid joint

Back 58

radiocarpal joint

Front 59

Example of Ball and Socket Joint

Back 59

shoulder and hips

Front 60

Which of the synovial joints are considered biaxial joints?

Back 60

Condyloid
Saddle

Front 61

What is bursitis?

Back 61

-an inflammation of the bursa
-usually caused by a blow or friction

Front 62

What is arthritis?

Back 62

-decribes many inflammatory or degenerative diseases that damage the joints

Front 63

What dsease results in pain, stiffness, and swelling of the joint?

Back 63

arthritis