Joints Of The Upper Extremity

Front 1

Sternoclavicular Joint

Back 1

* Between the sternal end of the clavicle and the clavicular notches of the manubrium of the sternum and the 1st costal cartilage

* Synovial, saddle (But, functions as ball-and-socket)

* Has articular disc of fibrocartilage (shock absorber)

* Supported by the:

Anterior and Posterior Sternoclavicular lig.

Interclavicular lig.

Costoclavicular lig.

Front 2

Acromioclavicular Joint

Back 2

* Synovial, Plane

* Between the acromial end of the clavicle and the acromion of the scapula

* Articular surfaces covered in fibrocartilage, separated by a articular disc of fibrocartilage

* Supported by:

Acromioclavicular Lig.

Coracoclavicular Lig. (Conoid and Trapezoid)

Front 3

Glenohumeral Joint

Back 3

* Synovial, Ball-and-Socket

* Between the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapua

* Articular surfaces covered in hyaline cartilage (Glenoid labrum covered in fibrocartliage)

* Supported by:

Glenohumeral Ligs.

Coraco-acromial Lig.

Coraco-humeral Lig.

Transverse humeral Lig.

Front 4

Elbow Joint

Back 4

* Synovial, Hinge

* Trochlea and Capitulum articulate with the trochlear notch of the ulna and the superior aspect of the head of the radius, respectivley

* Supported by:

Ulnar Collateral Ligament

Radial Collateral Ligament

Front 5

Sternocostal Joints

Back 5

* Between costal cartilages and sternum

*1st costal cartilages and manubrium= cartilaginous, synchondrosis

2nd- 7th costal cartilages and sternum= synovial, plane

Front 6

Costochondral Joints

Back 6

* Between costal cartilages and ribs

*Cartilaginous, synchondrosis

Front 7

Manubriosternal Joint

Back 7

* Between manubrium and body of the sternum

* Cartilaginous, Symphysis

Front 8

Humero-Ulnar and Humero-Radial Joints

Back 8

Synovial, Hinge

Between Humerus and Ul

Front 9

Proximal Radio-Ulnar Joint

Back 9

Synovial, Pivot

Allows movement of head of the radius on the ulna

Supported by:

* Anular ligament

Front 10

Distal Radio-Ulnar Joint

Back 10

Synovial, pivot

Radius moves around relatively fixed distal end of the ulna

Fibrocartilaginous articular disc binds ends of ulna and radius

Supported by:

* Anterior and posterior ligaments

Front 11

Radiocarpal Joint

Back 11

Synovial, Condylar

Distal end of radius and scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum

Front 12

Intercarpal Joints

Back 12

Synovial, Plane

Joints between carpals

Front 13

Carpometacarpal Joints

Back 13

Plane synovial except for CMC joint of thumb (synovial, saddle)

Between the carpals and the metacarpals`

Front 14

Metacarpophalangeal Joints

Back 14

Synovial, condyloid

Between heads of metacarpals and bases of proximal phalanges

Front 15

Interphalangeal Joints

Back 15

Synovial, HInge

Between the head of proximal phalanges and the base of middle phalanges; between the head of middle phalanges and the base of distal phalanges (thumb is an exception)