Joints Of The Shoulder Complex

Front 1

Movement of the pectoral girdle involves?

Back 1

SC, AC, and GH joints. Mobility of the scapula is essential for free movement of the uper limb.

Front 2

What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?

Back 2

A saddle type of synovial joint but functions as a ball-and-socket joint.

Front 3

What is the SC joint divided into?

Back 3

Two compartments by an articular disc

Front 4

The articular disc of the SC joint is attached to?

Back 4

The anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments and the interclavicular ligament.

Front 5

Joint Capsule of the Sternoclavicular joint

Back 5

Joint capsule surrounds the SC joint. A synovial membrane lines the internal surface of the fibrous layer of the joint capsule, extending to the edges of the articular surfaces.

Front 6

Is the SC weak?

Back 6

Weak bony arrangement, but strong by ligament. The strength of the SC joint depends on ligaments and its articular disc.

Front 7

Anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments

Back 7

Reinforce the joint capsule anteriorly and posteriorly.

Front 8

Interclavicular ligament

Back 8

Strengthens the capsule superiorly. It extends from the sternal end of one clavicle to the sternal end of the other clavicle. In between, it is also attached to the superior border of the manbrium.

Front 9

Costoclavicular ligament

Back 9

Anchors the inferior surfaces of the sternal end of the clavicle to the first rib and its costal cartilage, limiting elevation of the pectoral girdle.

Front 10

Movement of the Sternoclavicular joint?

Back 10

Is extremely strong and mobile to allow movements of the pectoral girdle and upper limb. During full elevation of the the limb, the clavicle is raised to approximately a 60 degree angle. Rotation of the clavicle around its longitudinal axis. The SC joint can also be moved anteriorly or posteriorly (protraction and retraction) over a range of up to 25-30 degrees.

Front 11

Blood supply of the sternoclavicular joint?

Back 11

Internal thoracic and suprascapular arteries.

Front 12

Nerve supply of the sternoclavicular joint?

Back 12

Medial supraclavicular and nerve to the subclavius

Front 13

What kind of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?

Back 13

Is a plane type of synovial joint

Front 14

Articulation of the Acromioclavicular joint?

Back 14

Acromial end of the clavicle articulates with the acromion of the scapula. The articular surfaces, covered with firbrocartilage, are separated by an incomplete wedge-shaped articular disc.

Front 15

Joint capsule of the Acromioclavicular joint?

Back 15

Sleeve-like, relatively loose fibrous layer of the joint capsule is attached to the margins of the articular surfaces. A synovial membrane lines the fibrous layer. Relatively weak, the joint capsule is strengthened superiorly by the fibers of the trapezius

Front 16

Acromioclavicular ligament

Back 16

A fibrous band extending from the acromion to the clavicle that strengthens the AC joint superiorly. However, the integrity of the joint is maintained by extrinsic ligaments, distant from the joint itself.

Front 17

Coracoclavicular ligament

Back 17

Is a strong pair of bands that unite the coracoid process of the scapula to the clavicle, anchoring the clavicle to the corcoid process.

Front 18

The coraoclavicular ligaments consists of two ligaments?

Back 18

Conoid ligament
Trapezoid ligament
Which are often separated by a bursa.

Front 19

Movements of the Acromioclavicular joint?

Back 19

The acromion of the scapula rotates on the acromial end of the clavicle These movements are associated with motion at the physiological scapulothoracic joint.

Front 20

Blood supply of the Acromioclavicular joint?

Back 20

The AC joint is suppplied by the suprascapular and thoracoacromial arteries

Front 21

Glenohumeral Joint

Back 21

A ball and socket type of synovial joint that permits a wide range of movement; however, its mobility makes the joint relatively unstable.

Front 22

How does the humeral head articulate with the glenoid cavity?

Back 22

The glenoid cavity of the scapula which is deepened slightly but effectively by the ring-like, fibrocartilaginous glenoid labrum. Both articular surfaces are covered with hyaline cartilage.

Front 23

What holds the humeral head of the humerus into the glenoid cavity?

Back 23

Musculotendinous rotator cuff, or SITS, muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis).

Front 24

What is the joint capsule made of?

Back 24

Loose fibrous layer with a synovial membrane lining

Front 25

Characteristics of Joint Capsule

Back 25

Is lax and lays in folds in adduction and is taut in abduction. Superior part of the joint capsule encloses the proximal attachment of the long head of the biceps (tendon)

Front 26

Jonit capsule's two openings?

Back 26

Between the tubercles of the humerus for the tendon of L.H. of biceps. Opening anteriorly for communication between subscapular bursa and synovial cavity.

Front 27

Glenohumeral ligament

Back 27

3 fibours bands on the internal surface of the capsule

Front 28

Coracohumeral ligament

Back 28

Coracoid process of the scapula to the anterior aspect of the greater tubercle.

Front 29

Transverse ligament

Back 29

Runs from the greater to lesser tubercle and holds the long head of the biceps tendon in place.

Front 30

Coraoacrominal arch

Back 30

Protective arch formed by the coracoacromial ligament over the head of the humerus.

Front 31

Movements of the glenohumeral joint

Back 31

Moves in all 3 axes
1. Flexion and extension
2. Adduction and abdution
3. Lateral and medial rotation
Has more freedom of movement than any other joint.

Front 32

Muscles Moving the Glenohumeral joint?

Back 32

Axioappendicualr, which may act indirectly on the joint(trap).
Scapulohumeral muscles, which act directly on the glenohumeral joint(pect minor and major)

Front 33

Blood supply of the GHJ?

Back 33

Anterior/posterior circumflex arteris
Branch of suprascapular artery

Front 34

Innervation of GJH

Back 34

Suprascapular nerve, axillary nerve, lateral pectoral nerve

Front 35

Flexion, prime movers

Flexion, synergists

Back 35

Pectoralis major (clavicular head); deltoid (anterior part)

Coracobrachialis

Front 36

Extension, prime mover

Extension, synergists

Back 36

Deltoid (posterior part)

Teres major

Front 37

Abduction, prime movers

Abduction, synergists

Back 37

Deltoid (as a whole, but especailly central part)

Supraspinatus

Front 38

Adduction, prime movers

Adduction, synergists

Back 38

Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi

Subscapularis; infraspinatus; teres minor.

Front 39

Medial rotaion, prime movers

Medial rotaion, synergists

Back 39

Subscapularis

Pectoralis major; deltoid (anterior), latissimus dorsi

Front 40

Lateral rotation, prime movers

Lateral rotation, synergists

Back 40

Infraspinatus

Teres minor; deltoid (posterior)

Front 41

SC and AC joints enable movement at?

Back 41

The SC and AC joints enable the movement at the physiological scapulothoracic joint, where approximately 1 degree of movement occurs for every 3 degrees of arm movement (scapulohumeral rhythm)

Front 42

What does the clavicle form and what is its purpose?

Back 42

A strut that holds the scapula, and hence the GHJ, away from the thoraz so it can move freely.

Front 43

What is the only joint the articulates with the upper limb and axial skeleton?

Back 43

Sternoclavicular joint

Front 44

What is the articular disc's function? Is the dislocation or fracture more common in the clavicle?

Back 44

Shock absorber of forces transmitted along the clavicle from upper limb. The dislocation is rare and the fracture is common.

Front 45

What does the sternal end of the clavicle articulate with?

Back 45

Manubrium and the 1st costal cartilage. The articular surfaces are covered with fibrocartilage.

Front 46

Nerve supply to ACromioclavicular joint?

Back 46

Lateral pectoral and axillary

Front 47

How much of the glenoid cavity accepts the humeral head?

Back 47

A little more than a third, whihc held in the cavity by SITS.

Front 48

Two bursae's in GHJ?

Back 48

Subacrominal bursa Subscapular bursa

Front 49

What is bursae?

Back 49

(sac-like cavities) containing capillary films of synovial fluid (secreted by the synovial membrane)are situated near the glenohumeral joint. Located where tendons tend to rub against bone, ligaments, or other tendons and where skin moves over bony prominence.

Front 50

The SC and AC joints enable movement at the phsiological scapulothoracic joint, where

Back 50

1 degree of movement occurs for every 3 degrees of arm movement.
Two-thirds of the movement at the scapulothoracic joint results from motion at the SC joint, and one third is from motion at the AC joint.

Front 51

The strength and integrity of the SC and AC joints result from?

Back 51

Intrinsic and extrinsic ligaments

Front 52

The integrity of the GHJ is maintained by?

Back 52

Tonic and active contraction of the muscles acting across it, SITS.