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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Synarthrosis
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connect bony components using fibrous & cartilaginous CT
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Synarthrosis, Fibrous types
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cranial sutures, gomphoses (teeth), syndesmosis (interosseous membranes)
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Synarthrtosis- Cartilaginous types
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Pubic symphysis, IVDs , areas of bone growth (synchondrosis)
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Diarthrosis
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connect bony surfaces indirectly by means of a joint capsule (aka synovial joint)
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what are the 5 features to a diarthrosis (synovial joint)?
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1. joint capsule (2 layers)
2. joint cavity 3. inner lining of synovial tissue 4. synovial fluid 5. hyaline cartilage on joint surfaces |
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Synovial Joint subcategories
Uniaxial |
motion occurs in one plane around single axis of rotation
ie. hinge joint- fingers pivot joint- median atlantoaxial |
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Synovial joint subcategories-
Biaxial |
motion occurs in 2 planes around 2 axis of rotation (2 degrees of freedom)
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Condyloid joints have?
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1 concave and 1 convex surface that slide over eachother in 2 directions
ie. MCPs , occipital condyles |
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Saddle joints have?
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each joint surface is both concave and in one plane and convex in another
ie. CMP joint of the thumb |
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Triaxial (multiaxial)
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motion is in three planes and around 3 axis of rotation (3 degrees of freedom)
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Plane joints permit?
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gliding in several directions
ie. carpal & tarsal bone joints |
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Ball and socket joints allow?
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F/E Abd/Add, rotation & combos of all
ie. GH joint |
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Active ROM
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amount of motion allowed by active voluntary movement by skeletal muscle contraction
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Passive ROM
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amount of motion allowed by passively moving a joint past its active ROM (involuntary movement)
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End-Feel
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Springiness- allowed by the soft tissues at the end of Passive ROM
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Normal ROM is also refered to as?
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Anatomic ROM or physiological ROM
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Determining factors of Normal ROM include??
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1. joint shape
2. joint capsule/ligaments 3. muscle/tendon 4. surrounding tendon |
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Arhtrokinematics is?
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the motion of one joint surface relative to one adjacent
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three main motions of arthrokinematics
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Roll- like a tire on a road
slide- one surface glides over another spin- rotation of one surface over another; purely rotatory |
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Closed pack position
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joint surfaces are maximally congruent (in contact) & ligaments & capsules are maxiamlly taut
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Loose packed position
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joint surface are free to move relative to eachother; maximum amount of joint play
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