Joints

Front 1

Joint

Back 1

where 2 bones join together for purpose of union or movement

Front 2

Synarthrosis

Back 2

immovable - Fibrous

Front 3

Amphiarthrosis

Back 3

slightly movable - Cartilaginous

Front 4

Diarthrosis

Back 4

movable

Front 5

Fibrous

Back 5

Synarthrosis - immovable
no synovial cavity

connected by collagenous connective tissue

Front 6

Sutures

Back 6

Synarthroses
Example: Cranial Bones

Front 7

Syndesmoses

Back 7

Dense connective tissue between articulating bones
Examples: radius/ulna, sacrum/ilium, Fibula/tibia

Front 8

Gomphoses

Back 8

Articulation between roots of teeth and the sockets
Examples: Teeth and maxilla/mandible

Front 9

Cartilaginous Joints

Back 9

Very limited repair
connected by cartilage
no synovial cavity

Front 10

Synchondroses

Back 10

Cartilaginous
Synarthrosis - immovable
Joints connected by hyaline cartilage

Front 11

Symphyses

Back 11

Cartilaginous - Amphiarthrosis
bones connected by flat disc of fibrocartilage
Example: Pubic symphysis, intevertebral joints

Front 12

Synovial Joints

Back 12

Diarthrosis - movable
has synovial cavity between bones which are united by a surrounding articular capsule

Front 13

Synovial Joint Structure

Back 13

Joint Capsule
Articular cartilage
Synovial joint cavity
Synovial membrane
Synovial fluid

Front 14

Gliding (Planar) Joints

Back 14

articular surfaces are usually flat and allow primarily side-to-side and back and forth (gliding) movements.
EXAMPLE: Metacarpals, Carpals/Wrist

Front 15

Hinge Joints

Back 15

These joints act like a door hinge, allowing flexion and extension in just one plane.(Mainly flexion and extension).
EXAMPLE:Elbow between the humerus and ulna

Front 16

Saddle Joint

Back 16

Saddle joints, which resemble a saddle, permit the same movements as the condyloid joints.EXAMPLE:thumb between the carpal&metacarpal

Front 17

Ball & Socket Joint

Back 17

These allow a wide range of movement.
EXAMPLE: Shoulder and Hip

Front 18

Pivot Joint

Back 18

This is where one bone rotates about another.
EXAMPLE: elbow between the radius and the ulna

Front 19

Condyloid Joint

Back 19

where two bones fit together with an odd shape (e.g. an ellipse), and one bone is concave, the other convex. Some classifications make a distinction between condyloid and ellipsoid joints.
EXAMPLE: Wrist

Front 20

Structures within Synovial Joint

Back 20

Meniscus - pad of fibrocartilage
Bursa – small fluid filled sac
Labrum - cartilage
Tendon Sheath - wrap around tendons
Muscle

Front 21

Meniscus

Back 21

They help two bones of different shape to fit tightly and help direct the flow of synovial fluid to areas of greater friction.

Front 22

Bursa

Back 22

are sac-like structures that reduce friction in some joints.
EXAMPLE: knee

Front 23

Tendon Sheath

Back 23

tube-like bursae that wrap around tendons to reduce friction.

Front 24

Labrum

Back 24

a ring of fibrocartilage around the edge of the articular (joint) surface of a bone

Front 25

Bursitis

Back 25

is inflammation of a bursa
Caused by excessive friction, trauma, infection, or rheumatoid arthritis

Front 26

Synovial Membrane

Back 26

soft tissue that lines the non-cartilaginous surfaces within joints with cavities

Front 27

Synovial Fluid

Back 27

thick, stringy fluid found in the cavities
Purpose: lubrication and nutrition

Front 28

Joint Capsule

Back 28

an envelope surrounding a synovial joint

Front 29

Articular Cartilage

Back 29

covers surface of articulating bones
Purpose: reduce friction and absorb shock