Joint Movements, Carpal Tunnel, Writers Cramp, Arm, Leg

Front 1

The basic classifications of Joint Movements are:

Back 1

passive and active

Front 2

Passive joint movements (PJM) are done while the client remains relaxed. T/F

Back 2

True

Front 3

The practitioner moves the body through a range of motion (ROM) during which classification of joint movement?

Back 3

Passive Joint Movements

Front 4

With AJM the limb should be moved to the fullest extent possible within the patient’s comfort level. T/F

Back 4

False - PJM

Front 5

In _____________________, the client actively participates by contracting the muscles involved in the movement.

Back 5

active joint movements (AJM)

Front 6

In active range-of-motion movements, the client moves the part without intervention of the practitioner. T/F

Back 6

True

Front 7

Active joint movements which involve the practitioner are subdivided into two categories:

Back 7

1. active assistive joint movements
2. active resistive joint movements

Front 8

______________________are a therapeutic technique to restore mobility in a limb that has been injured. They are used when a client is not able to move a part or move it through a complete range of motion

Back 8

Active assistive joint movements

Front 9

Most joint movements are applied to synovial joints. T/F

Back 9

True

Front 10

what are synovial joints

Back 10

As with most other joints, synovial joints achieve movement at the point of contact of the articulating bones.

Front 11

beneficial effects on the soft tissues and joints (5)

Back 11

1. Tendons and ligaments are flexed, stretched, and warmed to become more pliable.
2. Lymphatic and venous blood circulation is stimulated due to the movement of the muscles and their influence on the blood vessels and lymph vessels.
3. The movements warm and lubricate the articulating surfaces within the joint capsule
4. Movements affect the proprioceptors and mechanoreceptors in the tissues surrounding the joint and in the associated muscles by manipulating the articulation through its full range of motion and introducing the part to the possibility of new pain-free range of motion.
5. The movements provide a stretch to the fascia and associated muscles.

Front 12

All joints have normal barriers that restrict their range of motion. These natural barriers can be classified as...

Back 12

anatomical
physiological
pathological.

Front 13

Anatomical barriers limit movements due to physical structures of the joint. T/F

Back 13

True

Front 14

______________ limit movements due to physical structures of the joint

Back 14

Anatomical barriers

Front 15

pathological barrier to a joint movement is encountered at the anatomical barrier, but usually before it is reached. T/F

Back 15

False - Physiological barrier

Front 16

In healthy tissue the ____________ ____________is usually due to soft tissues, either muscles or ligaments, limiting the range of motion.

Back 16

physiological barrier

Front 17

An anatomical barrier is similar to a physiological barrier, but it occurs either before the normal end of the range of motion is achieved or it accompanied by pain or discomfort that restricts the movement. T/F

Back 17

pathological, physiological

Front 18

As a practitioner moves a joint towards it ____________ _____________, the quality of movement changes.

Back 18

physiological barrier

Front 19

The change in quality of movement from the first sense of restriction to the extent of the physiological or anatomical barrier is called the ________ _________.

Back 19

end feel

Front 20

The end feel that results in bone-bone contact, such as the extension of the elbow, is termed ...

Back 20

hard end feel

Front 21

Usually the practitioner will feel a gradual tightening and springiness in the last few inches of the range of motion due to soft tissue approaching the extent of it elasticity. This springiness is termed ...

Back 21

soft end feel.

Front 22

It is important to remember joint movements should never ______ _________or cause pain.

Back 22

do harm

Front 23

Many soft tissue modalities in their various forms rely on joint movements. Some of these techniques include PNF, MET, and PR. what does each one stand for?

Back 23

(proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation)
(muscle energy technique)
(positional release).

Front 24

10. Passive joint movement primarily affect __________________ while resistive joint movements affect the __________________ and _____________________________

Back 24

joints and the surrounding structures along with blood and lymph vessels in the area.

joint, surrounding structures, and the muscles associated with that area

Front 25

passive joint movements are used therapeutically to improve...

Back 25

joint mobility and range of motion.

Front 26

the massage procedure joint movement is primarily...

Back 26

moving the joints or articulations of the body

Front 27

the four different ways in which joint movement is performed are:

Back 27

passive joint movement
resistive joint movement
assistive joint movement
joint stretching

Front 28

if the muscles are feeble, the client should first complete joint movement before any resistive movements are begun by the massage therapist. then proceed to their limit and apply resistance. T/F

Back 28

True

Front 29

joint stretching is a powerful means of stimulating the __________ of a joint.

Back 29

nutrition of a joint

Front 30

joint stretching is a powerful means of stimulating the __________________

Back 30

nutrition of a join

Front 31

IN general, the fingers ________________ to resist flexion while the heel of the hand ________________ to resist extension

Back 31

pull
pushes

Front 32

Joint stretching is a powerful means of ______________________ the nutrition of a joint.

Back 32

stimulating

Front 33

What are the 8 principle joint movements according to kellogg

Back 33

flexion
extension
circumduction
rotation
pronation
supination
abduction
adduction

Front 34

In cases of great feebleness, movements may be ____________________ rather than resistive

Back 34

the client should first complete joint movement before any resistive movement ?? pg 36 West

Front 35

What should the degree of resistance be in joint movements

Back 35

the pulling force should not be continuous, but should be intermittent, each pull lasting to the count of 3 to 5 seconds.

Front 36

list the 3 physiological effects of joint movement

Back 36

1. increases nutrition to the general area and to the underlying bone itself
2. increases growth of cartilage, ligaments, and joint structures.
3. increases nutrition to the joint itself, leads to hypermeia: due to the increase blood flow (vasodilation) and lymph.
4. keeps articulating surfaces working properly

Front 37

what are the direct physiological effects of joint movement?

Back 37

1. increase nutrition to the joint itself leads to hyperemia: due to the increase blood flow(vasodilation) and lymph
2. keeps articulating surfaces working properly

Front 38

list the therapeutic applications of joint movement

Back 38

1. chronic joint disease (osteoarthritis)
2. rheumatism, hyperaesthesia, rheumatic gout
3. chronic synovitis, deratively on inflammed joints
4. fractures and sprains
5. stiffening or ankylosis (most common condition to seek help from a LMT).
6. prolonged bedrest (any convalescent)
7. everybody (this is benericial to everybody)

Front 39

the areas of the body in which joint movement can be performed are:

Back 39

shoulder - 6
hip - 6
elbow - 2
knee - 2
forearm - 2
wrist - 5
ankle - 5
fingers - 5
toes - 5

Front 40

when executing any joint movement, the joint being acted upon should always be_______.

Back 40

steadied