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105 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does the celiac artery supply?
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stomach to prox duodenum, liver, panc, GB
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What does the SMA supply?
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distal duodenum to 2/3 prox transervse colon
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What does the IMA supply?
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distal 1/3 transverse colon to upper rectum
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Which organs are retroperitoneal?
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adrenals, kidney, pancrease, aorta, IVC, rectum, descending, ascending colon, duodenum 2-4th parts
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What are the branches of the celiac a.?
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common hepatic, l. gastric, splenic
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Where does the R gastroepiploic come from?
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off the gastroduodenal a. off the common hepatic
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Where does the R gastric artery come from?
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the common hepatic
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Where does the L gastric artery come from?
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the splenic artery
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What anastomosing do you see with portal HTN?
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esophageal varicies, caput medusa, external hemorroids
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Which ligament is the portal triad in?
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hepatoduodenal
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Which part of the GI tract has the highest frequency of basal electrical rhythm?
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the duodenum
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When do you see hypertrophy of the brunner's glands?
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PUD
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Do the liver sinusoids have BM?
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no, fenestrated endothelium without a BM
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What type of CA happens above the pectinate line?
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adenoCA
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What type of CA happens below the pectinate line?
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squamous cell CA
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Which hemorrhoids are painful?
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external
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What is the path of blood above the pectinate line?
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IMA-superior rectal-IMV-Portal
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What is the path of blood below the pectinate line?
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internal pudendal-infer rectal a-infer rectal v-internal iliac vein-IVC
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What is in the femoral sheath?
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femoral vein, artery, and canal, no nerve
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Is the femoral nerve part of the femoral sheath?
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no
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What is the most later component of the femoral triangle?
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the nerve
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Where does the external spermatic fascia come from?
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external oblique aponeurosis
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Where does the cremaster and fascia come from?
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internal oblique
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Where does the internal spermatic fascia come from?
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transversalis fascia
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What do parietal cells secrete?
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IF, gastic acid
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What do chief cells secrete?
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pepsinogen
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What do mucosal cells secrete?
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bicarb
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What is the function of IF?
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binds to vit B12 for uptake by terminal ilium
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What inc gastric acid secretion?
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inc histamine, Ach, gastrin
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What dec gastric acid secretion?
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somatostatin, GIP, PGE, secretin
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What inc Bicarb secretion?
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secretin
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What inc pepsin secretion?
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vagal stim, local acid
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Which hormone causes cholelithiasis pain?
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CCK--GB contraction
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What cleaves trypsinogen?
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enterokinase on duodenal BB
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What abs glucose and galactose?
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SGLT1
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How is fructose taken up?
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GLUT4
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How are sugars put into blood?
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GLUT2
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Which dz has a bird beak on barium swallow?
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achalasia
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What does achalasia inc your risk of ?
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squamous cell esophageal CA
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What CA is assoc. with Barrett's esophagus?
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ADENOCA
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What are the risk factors for esophageal CA?
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Alcohol, Barettes, Cigarettes, Diverticuli, Esophageal web, Esophagitis, Familial
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What type of esophageal CA is most prevalent WW? US?
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squamous WW, squamous=Adeno US
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Who does congenital pyloric stenosis affect?
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first born males 1/600
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What is the treatment of congenital pyloric stenosis?
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surgery
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What are the Ab against in celiac sprue?
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gliadin
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Where is the bowel affected in celiac sprue?
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prox small bowel only
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What are the findings in celiac sprue?
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blunting of villi, lymphocytes in LP
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What is assoc. with dermatitis herpetiformis?
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celiac sprue
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What CA is associated with celiac sprue?
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T cell lymphoma
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Who does Whipple Dz affect?
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older men
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What is Whipple Dz?
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infection iwth T. Whippeli
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What are the sx of Whipple Dz?
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steatorrhea, wt loss, weakness, arthralgias, cardiac and neurologic abnl
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What cause Type A chronic gastritis?
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autoAb to parietal cells
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What does Type A chronic gastritis lead to?
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pernious anemia and achlorhydria
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What cause Type B chronic gastritis?
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h. pylori
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Where is Type A chronic gastritis?
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body
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Where is Type B chronic gastritis?
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antrum
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What are some casues of acute gastritis?
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NSAID, stress, burns, head injury, suicide attempt, smoking, alcohol
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What kind of stomach cancer is prevalent?
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adenoCA
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What is gastric CA assoc. with?
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nitrosamines, achlorhydria, chronic gastritis, type A blood
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What is linitis plastica?
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Diffusely infiltrative gastric CA, thickenen, rigid appearance
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What are Krukenberg's tumor?
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bilat mets to ovaries, abundant mucus, signet cells
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What is Virchow's node?
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met to supraclavicular node from stomach
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What extraintestinal manifestations are assoc. with UC?
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pyoderma gangrenosum, primary sclerosing cholangitis
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What can cause toxic megacolon?
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UC
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Which IBD has colorectal CA as a complication?
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UC
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What is on the DDx for appendicitis?
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diverticulitis, ectopic pregnancy
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Where is the most common site of diverticulum?
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sigmoid colon
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What leads to Meckle's Diverticulum?
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persistence of vitelline duct
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What can cause halitosis, dysphagia, obstruction?
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Zenker's Diverticulum
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Where do most volvulus occur?
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sigmoid colon
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Which polyp is most likely benign?
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villous
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Where are most polyps?
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rectosigmoid
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What do colonic polyps look like?
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saw-tooth
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What tumor marker is used for colorectal CA?
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CEA
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What has an apple core appearance on barium xray?
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colorectal CA
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What causes colorectal CA?
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chromosomal instability, microsatellite instability
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What mutations is assoc. with Familial adenomatous polyposis?
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APC on chromo 5
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Where does FAP affect?
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pancolitis, including rectum
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What is Gardner's sundrome?
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CRC with osseous and soft tissue tumors, rtinal hyperplasia
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What is turcot's sundrome?
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CRC with brain involvment
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What is HNPCC assoc. with?
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DNA repair genes, affects prox colon
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What is Peutz-Jeghers?
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benign polyposis syndrome, no inc risk of CRC
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What does a pt have with hamartomatous polyps of the colon and sm intestine, hyperpigmentaed mouth, lips,hands, genitalia?
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Peutz-Jeghers
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What does ALT/AST indicate?
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viral hep, acoholic hep, myocardial infarction
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What GGT?
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various liver dz
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What is alk phos?
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obstructive liver dz, bone dz
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What is amylase?
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acute pancreatitis, mumps
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What is lipase for?
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acute pancreatitis
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What is Budd-Chiari syndrome assoc. with?
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pregnancy, polycythemia vera, HCC
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What is budd-Chiari syndrome?
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occlusion of IVC or hepatic veins leading to congestive liver dz
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What is Wilson's Dz?
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inadequate hepatic copper excretion
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What organs are affected by Wilson's Dz?
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liver, brain, cornea, kidney, jts
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What is used to treat Wilson's Dz?
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penicillamine
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What are seen in the eyes of pt with Wilson's Dz?
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Kayser-Fleischer rings, copper deposites in the cornea
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Which HLA was assoc. with hemochromatosis?
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HLA A3
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What does a pt with bronze diabetes have?
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hemochromatosis
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What does a pt have with a black liver?
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Dubin-Johnson syndrome
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What is Charcot's Triad of Cholangitis?
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jaundice, fever, RUQ pain
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What does Primary sclerosing cholangitis show in ErCP?
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beading
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When do you see inc serum mitochondrial Ab?
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primary biliary cirrhosis
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What is primary biliary cirrhosis assoc with?
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scleraderma
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When do you see epatoencephalopathy, faty liver changes, hypoglycemia, coma?
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reye syndrome
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When do you see dense core bodies?
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carcinoid
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What does a pt have when she has wheezing, right-sided heart lesion, D, flushing?
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carcinoid
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