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120 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
how many cell layers thick is simple squamous epithelial tissue
one
what is the cell shape of simple squamous epithelial tissue
round fried egg shaped
simple squamous epithelial tissue is important in what two processes
osmosis and diffusion
two main locations of simple squamous epithelial tissue
alveoli of the lungs and lining of blood vessels
describe appearance of simple cuboidal epithelial tissues
little cube shapes with a large centrally located nucleus
location of simple cuboidal epithelial tissues
line the ducts of glands
location of ciliated simple columnar epithelial tissues
female fallopian tube and help the egg move into the uterus
location of nonciliated simple columnar epithelial tissues
small intestine
nonciliated simple columnar epithelial tissues will always contain_________ cells that produce_________
goblet
mucus
Name the simple tissues...one cell layer thick
simple squamous
simple cuboidal
simple columnar
-ciliated and
-nonciliated
pseudostratified
stratified squamous cells make up the outer layers of skin called the
epidermis
the protein keratin is a
waterproofing substance
where is keratin produced by the
sratified squamous cells
nonkeratinized stratified squamous cells are located where and why
the mucous membranes of the lining of mouth, nose, GI tract, and vagina

we want those areas to be moist
a group of cells that produce a specific substance
glands
2 different classification of glands
endocrine and exocrine
facts about endocrine glands
they make hormones and do NOT have ducts
exocrine glands have ducts
true or false
true
salivary and pancreas glands are what kind of glands
exocrine
mode of secretion for salivary and pancreas glands
merocrine
3 different groups of exocrine glands
merocrine
apocrine
holocrine
epithelial cells make up tissues that line _________
free surfaces or tubes in the body
epithelial cells make up the glands in our body
t or f
true
merocrine glands secrete their product by
sending it to the golgi apparatus which packages it in a vesicle and then ships it out
describe apocrine glands secretion process
accumulates the substance in the corner of cell and then breaks off into the duct
a holocrine secreting gland...
accumulates the substance in the cytoplasm and eventually the whole cell explodes
the most varied and abundant tissue in the body
connective
the only avascular connective tissue
cartilage
connective tissues have lots of __________
matrix
connective tissue is typically never found on ___________
free surfaces
what gives connective tissue it's characteristics
matrix
connective tissues tends to be highly___________
vascular
the only avascular connective tissue is_____________
cartilage
4 groups or catagories of connective tissues
liquid
soft
dense
support
liquid connective tissues contain_________
blood
lymph
soft connective tissues contain...
areolar
adipose
reticular
elastic

these have a jelly like matrix
dense connective tissue contain...
dense regular
dense irregular

these have a little firmer matrix than soft
support connective tissue contain...
cartilage
bone
two components of matrix
ground substance and fibers
ground substance can be anything from...
liquid, gelatinous, to hard
three types of fibers
collagen, elastic, reticular
characteristics of collagen fibers
always lay themselves in parallel bundles, very strong yet slightly flexible, very improtant in cartilage and bone tissue
characteristics of elastic fibers
finer fibers and highly branched, inportant for stretching capabilities that allow return to original shape
characteristics of reticular fibers
found in the walls/framework of soft tissue organs
name of the framework of soft tissue organs
stroma
ground substance of liquid CT
water
ground substance of soft and dense CT
hyaluronic acid
ground substance of cartilage CT
chondroitin sulfate
ground substance of bone CT
calcium phosphate salts
chondro means...
cartilage
a blast cell is....
immature
All CT contain __________ cells
immature
immature soft and dense CT cells
FIBROblast
immature cartilage CT cells
CHONDROblast
immature bone CT cells
OSTEOblast
soft and dense=fibro
fibro=soft and dense
cartilage=chondro
chondro=cartilage
bone=osteo
osteo=chondro
Main function of blast cells
make and lay down matrix
except the
clacium phosphate salts
what is the typical dividing cell of connective tissues
the blast cells

fibroblast-soft and dense
chondroblast-cartilage
osteoblast-bone
in general when you hear the word blast you have to put it with...
an immature cell that is still typically capable of dividing and whose main job is to make and lay down the matrix
the name of a immature cell ends in
blast
the name of a mature cell ends in
cyte
the only tissues that tend to mature their cells are...
cartilage
bone
adipose
blast cells make and lay down matrix and cyte cells do what
maintain the existing matrix
areolar CT facts
most abundant of all CT,
found in the most places of the body, most important location is the papillary region of the dermis of the skin. It is somewhat stretchy.
most important location for areolar CT
papillary region of dermis
adipose CT facts
primary location is hypodermis also known as subq layer, our storage layer, insulates and protects us
primary location for adipose CT
hypodermis or subq layer
reticular CT facts
located in walls of soft tissue organs (stroma)
location of reticular CT
stroma...the walls of soft tissue organs
elastic CT facts
it's elastic function of being able to return to its original shape...lungs, artery walls, uterus
location of elastic CT
lungs, artery walls, uterus
Dense regular CT facts
makes up our tendons and ligaments
tendons connect bone to...
muscle
ligaments connect bone to...
bone
dense irregular CT facts
very strong, can stretch (must have elastic fibers), most important location in the body is the lower layer of the dermis...the reticular region
most important location for dense irregular CT...
lower layer of dermis otherwise know as the reticular layer
immature cartilage cells are called
chondroblasts
mature cartilage cells
chondrocytes
ground substance between cells in cartilage is called
chondroitin sulfate
3 types of cartilage
hyaline
fibrocartilage
elastic
hyaline cartilage facts
most abundant of all 3 cartilage types, located in nose, between ribs to protect heart, articulating surface of long bones, growth plates of bones until fully grown and made into bone
most fetal skeleton bone is _______ cartilage model that later turns into bone
hyaline
fibrocartilage facts
makes up the disks between vertebrae in back and provides sock absorbtion, pubic symphsis joint has a piece of fibrocartilage in it
elastic cartilage facts
Very different from elastic soft CT, makes up the pinna of ear and does not really heal because cartilage is AVASCULAR
flat thin sheets of tissue that cover or line body surfaces
membranes
our largest membrane is....
our skin
what lines body cavities that open to the outside
mucous membranes
mucous membranes line...
respiratory tract
GI tract
vagina
what lines body cavities that do not open to the outside
serous membranes
how many layers are serous membranes
two...always
first layer of serous membrane
visceral
the visceral layer lines or attaches to...
the outside of the organ
the second serous membrane layer
parietal
the parietal layer lines...
the cavity that the organ is in
what is between the 2 serous membrane layers
a little fluid to reduce friction
true or false
every single organ in the body has a viseral layer attached to it and a parietal membrane attached to the cavity it is in
true
synovial membranes lines our
joint cavities
meninges are a layer of
three membranes that surround the spinal cord and brain...think menigitis
integumentary system is made up of
skin and associated structures (hair, nails, glands)
functions of skin
protection, thermal regulation (by adipose sub q layer insulating, and sweating allowing convection, and radiation), water barrier, vitamin D pathway begins in the skin, and sensation (very important for homeostasis regulation)
most important function of the skin
protection
number one that keeps of healthy and free of germs
5 layers of skin from outermost to innermost
stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale

Can Little Girls Skate Backward
what are the stratified squamous cells that make up the epidermis sometimes called
keratinocytes
what are the very special cells that dispurse themselves primarily amongst the basale layer
melan
cells that make melanin
melanocytes
location of melanocytes
primarily in the basale layer
True or false

everyone has the same
amount of melanocytes...the pigment of one's skin is dependant upon the amount of melanin produced
True
which layer of stratified squamous epithelial tissue is only found in thick skin
stratum lucidum
Name the top three layers of stratified squamous epithelial tissue that are dead or dying due to a lack of nutrients
stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
Name the layer of stratified squamous epithelial tissue where mitosis is actively carried on
stratum basale
when there is no melanin produced the disease is called
albinoism
little patches of melanocytes that don't work
vitiligo
two sections of the dermis
papillary-upper
reticular-lower
facts of the papillary region of the dermis...the upper layer
made of areolar CT

sensory nerves are meisner corpuscles=light touch
facts of the reticular region of the dermis...the bottom layer
made of dense irregular CT

sensory nerves are pacinion corpuscles=deep pressure
hypodermis or sub q layer is composed mainly of
adipose tissue
functions of hypodermis layer or sub q layer
insulation, protection, thermoregulation
the sub q layer attaches the skin to the...
underlying structures