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120 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
how many cell layers thick is simple squamous epithelial tissue
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one
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what is the cell shape of simple squamous epithelial tissue
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round fried egg shaped
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simple squamous epithelial tissue is important in what two processes
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osmosis and diffusion
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two main locations of simple squamous epithelial tissue
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alveoli of the lungs and lining of blood vessels
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describe appearance of simple cuboidal epithelial tissues
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little cube shapes with a large centrally located nucleus
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location of simple cuboidal epithelial tissues
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line the ducts of glands
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location of ciliated simple columnar epithelial tissues
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female fallopian tube and help the egg move into the uterus
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location of nonciliated simple columnar epithelial tissues
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small intestine
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nonciliated simple columnar epithelial tissues will always contain_________ cells that produce_________
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goblet
mucus |
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Name the simple tissues...one cell layer thick
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simple squamous
simple cuboidal simple columnar -ciliated and -nonciliated pseudostratified |
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stratified squamous cells make up the outer layers of skin called the
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epidermis
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the protein keratin is a
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waterproofing substance
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where is keratin produced by the
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sratified squamous cells
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nonkeratinized stratified squamous cells are located where and why
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the mucous membranes of the lining of mouth, nose, GI tract, and vagina
we want those areas to be moist |
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a group of cells that produce a specific substance
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glands
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2 different classification of glands
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endocrine and exocrine
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facts about endocrine glands
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they make hormones and do NOT have ducts
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exocrine glands have ducts
true or false |
true
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salivary and pancreas glands are what kind of glands
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exocrine
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mode of secretion for salivary and pancreas glands
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merocrine
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3 different groups of exocrine glands
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merocrine
apocrine holocrine |
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epithelial cells make up tissues that line _________
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free surfaces or tubes in the body
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epithelial cells make up the glands in our body
t or f |
true
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merocrine glands secrete their product by
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sending it to the golgi apparatus which packages it in a vesicle and then ships it out
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describe apocrine glands secretion process
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accumulates the substance in the corner of cell and then breaks off into the duct
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a holocrine secreting gland...
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accumulates the substance in the cytoplasm and eventually the whole cell explodes
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the most varied and abundant tissue in the body
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connective
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the only avascular connective tissue
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cartilage
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connective tissues have lots of __________
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matrix
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connective tissue is typically never found on ___________
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free surfaces
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what gives connective tissue it's characteristics
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matrix
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connective tissues tends to be highly___________
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vascular
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the only avascular connective tissue is_____________
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cartilage
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4 groups or catagories of connective tissues
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liquid
soft dense support |
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liquid connective tissues contain_________
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blood
lymph |
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soft connective tissues contain...
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areolar
adipose reticular elastic these have a jelly like matrix |
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dense connective tissue contain...
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dense regular
dense irregular these have a little firmer matrix than soft |
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support connective tissue contain...
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cartilage
bone |
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two components of matrix
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ground substance and fibers
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ground substance can be anything from...
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liquid, gelatinous, to hard
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three types of fibers
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collagen, elastic, reticular
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characteristics of collagen fibers
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always lay themselves in parallel bundles, very strong yet slightly flexible, very improtant in cartilage and bone tissue
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characteristics of elastic fibers
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finer fibers and highly branched, inportant for stretching capabilities that allow return to original shape
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characteristics of reticular fibers
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found in the walls/framework of soft tissue organs
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name of the framework of soft tissue organs
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stroma
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ground substance of liquid CT
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water
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ground substance of soft and dense CT
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hyaluronic acid
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ground substance of cartilage CT
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chondroitin sulfate
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ground substance of bone CT
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calcium phosphate salts
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chondro means...
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cartilage
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a blast cell is....
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immature
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All CT contain __________ cells
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immature
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immature soft and dense CT cells
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FIBROblast
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immature cartilage CT cells
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CHONDROblast
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immature bone CT cells
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OSTEOblast
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soft and dense=fibro
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fibro=soft and dense
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cartilage=chondro
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chondro=cartilage
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bone=osteo
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osteo=chondro
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Main function of blast cells
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make and lay down matrix
except the clacium phosphate salts |
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what is the typical dividing cell of connective tissues
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the blast cells
fibroblast-soft and dense chondroblast-cartilage osteoblast-bone |
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in general when you hear the word blast you have to put it with...
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an immature cell that is still typically capable of dividing and whose main job is to make and lay down the matrix
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the name of a immature cell ends in
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blast
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the name of a mature cell ends in
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cyte
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the only tissues that tend to mature their cells are...
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cartilage
bone adipose |
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blast cells make and lay down matrix and cyte cells do what
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maintain the existing matrix
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areolar CT facts
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most abundant of all CT,
found in the most places of the body, most important location is the papillary region of the dermis of the skin. It is somewhat stretchy. |
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most important location for areolar CT
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papillary region of dermis
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adipose CT facts
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primary location is hypodermis also known as subq layer, our storage layer, insulates and protects us
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primary location for adipose CT
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hypodermis or subq layer
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reticular CT facts
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located in walls of soft tissue organs (stroma)
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location of reticular CT
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stroma...the walls of soft tissue organs
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elastic CT facts
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it's elastic function of being able to return to its original shape...lungs, artery walls, uterus
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location of elastic CT
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lungs, artery walls, uterus
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Dense regular CT facts
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makes up our tendons and ligaments
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tendons connect bone to...
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muscle
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ligaments connect bone to...
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bone
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dense irregular CT facts
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very strong, can stretch (must have elastic fibers), most important location in the body is the lower layer of the dermis...the reticular region
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most important location for dense irregular CT...
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lower layer of dermis otherwise know as the reticular layer
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immature cartilage cells are called
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chondroblasts
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mature cartilage cells
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chondrocytes
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ground substance between cells in cartilage is called
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chondroitin sulfate
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3 types of cartilage
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hyaline
fibrocartilage elastic |
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hyaline cartilage facts
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most abundant of all 3 cartilage types, located in nose, between ribs to protect heart, articulating surface of long bones, growth plates of bones until fully grown and made into bone
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most fetal skeleton bone is _______ cartilage model that later turns into bone
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hyaline
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fibrocartilage facts
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makes up the disks between vertebrae in back and provides sock absorbtion, pubic symphsis joint has a piece of fibrocartilage in it
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elastic cartilage facts
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Very different from elastic soft CT, makes up the pinna of ear and does not really heal because cartilage is AVASCULAR
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flat thin sheets of tissue that cover or line body surfaces
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membranes
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our largest membrane is....
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our skin
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what lines body cavities that open to the outside
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mucous membranes
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mucous membranes line...
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respiratory tract
GI tract vagina |
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what lines body cavities that do not open to the outside
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serous membranes
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how many layers are serous membranes
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two...always
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first layer of serous membrane
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visceral
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the visceral layer lines or attaches to...
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the outside of the organ
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the second serous membrane layer
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parietal
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the parietal layer lines...
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the cavity that the organ is in
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what is between the 2 serous membrane layers
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a little fluid to reduce friction
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true or false
every single organ in the body has a viseral layer attached to it and a parietal membrane attached to the cavity it is in |
true
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synovial membranes lines our
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joint cavities
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meninges are a layer of
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three membranes that surround the spinal cord and brain...think menigitis
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integumentary system is made up of
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skin and associated structures (hair, nails, glands)
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functions of skin
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protection, thermal regulation (by adipose sub q layer insulating, and sweating allowing convection, and radiation), water barrier, vitamin D pathway begins in the skin, and sensation (very important for homeostasis regulation)
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most important function of the skin
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protection
number one that keeps of healthy and free of germs |
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5 layers of skin from outermost to innermost
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stratum corneum
stratum lucidum stratum granulosum stratum spinosum stratum basale Can Little Girls Skate Backward |
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what are the stratified squamous cells that make up the epidermis sometimes called
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keratinocytes
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what are the very special cells that dispurse themselves primarily amongst the basale layer
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melan
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cells that make melanin
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melanocytes
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location of melanocytes
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primarily in the basale layer
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True or false
everyone has the same amount of melanocytes...the pigment of one's skin is dependant upon the amount of melanin produced |
True
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which layer of stratified squamous epithelial tissue is only found in thick skin
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stratum lucidum
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Name the top three layers of stratified squamous epithelial tissue that are dead or dying due to a lack of nutrients
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stratum corneum
stratum lucidum stratum granulosum |
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Name the layer of stratified squamous epithelial tissue where mitosis is actively carried on
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stratum basale
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when there is no melanin produced the disease is called
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albinoism
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little patches of melanocytes that don't work
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vitiligo
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two sections of the dermis
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papillary-upper
reticular-lower |
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facts of the papillary region of the dermis...the upper layer
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made of areolar CT
sensory nerves are meisner corpuscles=light touch |
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facts of the reticular region of the dermis...the bottom layer
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made of dense irregular CT
sensory nerves are pacinion corpuscles=deep pressure |
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hypodermis or sub q layer is composed mainly of
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adipose tissue
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functions of hypodermis layer or sub q layer
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insulation, protection, thermoregulation
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the sub q layer attaches the skin to the...
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underlying structures
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