Jeef First Aid Neuro Part 1-9

Front 1

212. Lesions from ALS?

Back 1

a. Both UMN and LMN deficits w/NO SENSORY deficit.
b. Both upper and lower motor neurons signs.

Front 2

213. Lesion from complete occlusion of anterior spinal artery?

Back 2

a. Spares dorsal columns and tract of Lissauer.
b. Hits everything else anterior and lateral.

Front 3

214. Tabes Dorsalis (Tertiary syphilis)?

Back 3

a. Degeneration of dorsal roots and dorsal columns
b. Impaired proprioception, locomotor ataxia.

Front 4

215. What symptoms is Tabes Dorsalis associated w/?

Back 4

a. Charcot’s joints
b. Shooting (lightning) pain.
c. Argyll Robertson pupils (reactive to accomodation but not to light) (prostitutes)
d. Absence of DTRs.

Front 5

216. Argyll Robertson pupils?

Back 5

a. Also known as prostitute pupils bc they accommodate but do not react :P.

Front 6

217. Syringomyelia?

Back 6

a. Crossing fibres of spinothalamic tract damaged.
b. Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation.
c. Very small circle lesion.

Front 7

218. Pathogenesis of Syringomyelia?

Back 7

a. Enlargement of the central canal of spinal cord.
b. Crossing fibres of spinothalamic tract are damaged.
c. Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation in upper extremities w/preservation of touch sensation.

Front 8

219. What other condition does Syringomyelia often present with?

Back 8

a. Arnold-Chiari malformation.

“Syrinx” (greek)= Tube, as in syringe.

Front 9

220. Most common vertebral levels of Syringomyelia?

Back 9

a. C8-T1.

Front 10

223. Vitamin B12 neuropathy and Friedreich’s ataxia lesion?

Back 10

a. Demyelination of dorsal columns, lateral corticospinal tracts, and spinocerebellar tracts.
b. Causes:
1. Ataxic gait
2. Hyperreflexia
3. Impaired position and vibration sense

Front 11

224. Brown-Sequard syndrome?

Back 11

a. Hemisection of spinal cord
b. Findings:
1. Ipsilateral UMN signs (corticospinal tract) below lesion.
2. Ipsilateral loss of tactile, vibration, proprioception sense (dorsal column) below lesion.
3. Contralateral pain and temperature loss (spinothalamic tract) below lesion.
4. Ipsilateral loss of all sensation at level of lesion.
5. LMN signs (e.g. flaccid paralysis) at level of lesion.

Front 12

225. Horner’s syndrome- PAM is Horny?

Back 12

1. Ptosis
2. Anhidrosis (absence of sweating) and flushing on affected side)
3. Miosis (pupil constriction
b. Associated w/lesions of spinal cord above T1 (e.g. Pancoast’s tumour, Brown-Sequard syndrome [cord hemisection], late-stage syringomyelia).

Front 13

226. Pathway of 3-neuron oculosympathetic pathway?

Back 13

i. Projects from hypothalamus to intermediolateral column of spinal cord, then to the superior cervical (sympathetic) ganglion, and finally to the pupil, the smooth muscle of the eyelids, and the sweat glands of the forehead and face.
ii. Interruption results in Horner’s.

Front 14

227. Lesion to Broca’s area?

Back 14

a. Motor (nonfluent/expressive) aphasia w/good comprehension.
b. Inferior frontal gyrus

Front 15

228. Lesion to Wernicke’s area?

Back 15

a. Sensory (fluent/receptive) aphasia w/poor comprehension.
b. Superior temporal gyrus.

Front 16

229. Lesion to Arcuate fasciculus?

Back 16

a. Conduction aphasia; poor repetition w/good comprehension.
b. Fluent speech.

Front 17

230. Bilateral lesions to Amygdala?

Back 17

a. Kluver-Bucy syndrome
b. Hyperorality, hypersexuality, disinhibited behaviour.

Front 18

231. Frontal lobe lesion?

Back 18

a. Personality changes and deficits in concentration, orientation, and judgement; may have re-emergence of primitive reflexes.

Front 19

232. Right parietal lobe lesion?

Back 19

a. Spatial neglect syndrome (agnosia of contralateral side(.

Front 20

233. Lesion to Reticular activating system?

Back 20

a. Reduced levels of arousal and wakefulness (e.g. coma)