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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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209. 2 types of Gram negative, Oxidase positive, Comma shaped bacteria?
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a. Campylobacter jejuni (Grows in 42C)
b. Vibrio cholera (Grows in alkaline media) – makes sense- intestine. |
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210. Lactose fermenting enteric bacteria?
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a. Grow pink colonies on MacConkeys.
b. Include Citrobacter, Klebsiella, E. Coli, Enterobacter, and Serratia. c. “Lactose is KEE” d. “test w/MacConKEE’s agar”. |
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211. What does E. coli produce breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose.
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a. β-galactosidase.
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212. Penicillin and gram-negative bugs?
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a. Gram-negative bacilli are resistant to penicillin G but may be susceptible to penicillin derivatives such as ampicillin.
b. The gram-negative outer membrane layer inhibits entry of PCN G and vancomycin. |
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213. Neisseria (gonorrhoea and meningococci) similarities?
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a. Both ferment glucose and produce IgA protease.
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214. Gonococci vs. Meningococci?
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a. Gonococci- No polysaccharide capsule (Meningococci does)
b. Gonococci -No Maltose fermentation (Meningococci does) c. Gonococci -No vaccine-due to rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins. (Meningococci does save for Type B) |
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215. Gonococci causes?
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a. Gonorrhoea
b. Septic arthritis c. Neonatal conjunctivitis d. PID e. Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome. |
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216. Meningococci causes?
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a. Meningococcemia and meningitis.
b. Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome. |
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217. Prophylaxis for close contacts of people w/meningococcal meningitis?
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a. Rifampin.
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218. Haemophilus influenzae causes?
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a. Epiglottitis “Cherry red” in children.
b. Meningitis c. Otitis Media d. Pneumoni |
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219. Haemophilus influenzae characteristics?
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a. Small G- (Coccobacillary) rod.
b. Most invasive disease caused by capsular type B. c. Produces IgA protease. |
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220. Culture of Haemophilus influenzae?
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a. Chocolate agar.
b. Requires factors V (NAD+) and X (hematin) for growth. c. Can also be grown w/S. aureus, which provides factor V. d. “When child has ‘flu’ mum goes to five (V) and dime (X) store to buy some chocolate”. i. Does not cause flu obviously. |
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221. Treatment of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis?
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a. Ceftriaxone.
b. Rifampin prophylaxis in close contacts. |
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222. Haemophilus influenzae vaccine?
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a. Contains type B capsular polysaccharide conjugated to diptheria toxoid or other protein.
b. Given between 2-18 months of age. |
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223. Legionella pneumophila causes (2 diseases)?
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a. Legionnaires’ disease- Severe pneumonia and fever.
b. Pontiac fever – mild flu-like syndrome. |
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224. Legionella pneumophila characteristics and culture?
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a. G- rod. Gram stains poorly. Use SILVER STAIN.
b. Grow on charcoal yeast extract culture w/iron and cysteine. c. Detected clinically by presence of antigen in urine d. Aerosol transmission form water source habitat. e. NO person-to-person transmission. |
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225. Tx of Legionella pneumophila?
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a. Erythromycin
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226. Legionella mnemonic?
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a. Think of French Legionnaire (soldier) with his SILVER helmet, sitting around a campfire (charcoal) with his Iron dagger- his is still a Sissy (cysteine).
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227. What is Pseudomonas associated with?
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a. Wound and burn infections.
b. Pneumonia- (esp. in Cystic fibrosis pts) c. Sepsis (black lesion on skin) d. External otitis (Swimmer’s ear) e. UTI f. Drug use and Diabetic Osteomyelitis. g. Hot tub folliculitis. h. Malignant otitis externa in diabetics. |
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228. Pseudomonas aeruginosa features?
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a. Aerobic, G- rod.
b. Non-lactose fermenter (white) c. Oxidase positive. d. Produces pyocyanin (blue-green) pigment and has grapelike odor. e. Water source. |
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229. Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence?
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a. Produces endotoxin (fever, shock)
b. Exotoxin A (inactivates EF-2) |
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230. Pseudomonas aeruginosa treatment?
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a. Aminoglycoside plus extended-spectrum penicillin (eg piperacillin, ticarcillin)
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231. Pseudomonas aeruginosa mnemonic?
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a. AERuginosa- AERobic
b. Think water connection and blue-green pigment. c. Think pseudomonas in burn victims. |
