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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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108. 1st aortic arch derivative?
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a. Part of MAXillary artery (branch of external carotid)
b. 1st is MAXimal. |
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109. 2nd aortic arch derivative?
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a. Stapedial artery and hyoid artery.
b. Second = Stapedial. |
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110. 3rd aortic arch derivative?
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a. Common Carotid artery and proximal part of internal carotid artery.
b. C is 3rd letter of alphabet. |
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111. 4th aortic arch derivative?
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a. On left, aortic arch.
b. On right, proximal part of right subclavian artery. c. 4th arch (4 limbs)= systemic. |
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112. 6th aortic arch derivative?
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a. Proximal part of pulmonary arteries and (on left only) ductus arteriosus).
b. 6th arch = pulmonary and the pulmonary-to-systemic shunt (ductus arteriosus). |
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120. Muscles derived from the first branchial arch?
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a. Muscles of Mastication (temporalis, Masseter, lateral and medial pterygoids).
b. Mylohyoid c. anterior belly of digastric d. tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini. e. anterior 2/3 of tongue.` |
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148. Thyroid development?
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a. Thyroid diverticulum arises from floor of primitive pharynx, descends into neck.
b. Connect to tongue by thyroglossal duct, which normally disappears. |
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149. If the thyroglossal duct remains what does it normally persist as?
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a. Pyramidal lobe of thyroid.
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150. What is the normal remnant of the thyroglossal duct?
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a. Foramen cecum.
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151. Most common ectopic thyroid tissue site?
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a. Tongue.
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152. Cleft lip due to?
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a. Failure of fusion of maxillary and medial nasal processes (formation of nasal palate)
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153. Cleft palate due to?
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a. Failure of fusion of the lateral palatine processes, the nasal septum, and/or the median palatine process.
b. (formation of secondary palate). |
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154. Note: Cleft lip and palate have 2 distinct etiologies but often occur together.
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154. Note: Cleft lip and palate have 2 distinct etiologies but often occur together.
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159. Gastroschisis?
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a. Extrusion of abdominal contents through abdominal folds.
b. Not covered by peritoneum. |
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160. Omphalocele?
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a. Persistence of herniation of abdominal contents into umbilical cord, covered by peritoneum.
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161. Duodenal atresia (and genetic susceptibility)?
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a. Failure to recanalized (trisomy 21).
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166. Congenital pyloric stenosis?
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a. Hypertrophy of the pylorus causes obstruction.
b. Palpable “olive” mass in epigastric region!!! c. Non-bilious projectile vomiting at ~2 wks of age. d. Often in first born males (1/600 live births). |
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167. Pancreas embryology?
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a. Derived from foregut.
b. Dorsal and ventral pancreatic buds contribute to pancreatic head, uncinate process (lower half of head), and main pancreatic duct. c. Dorsal pancreatic bud becomes everything else (body, tail, isthmus, accessory pancreatic duct). |
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168. Annular pancreas?
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a. Ventral pancreatic bud abnormally encircles 2nd part of duodenum; forms a ring of pancreatic tissue that may cause duodenal narrowing.
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169. Pancreas divisum?
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a. Ventral and dorsal parts fail to fuse at 8 wks.
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170. From what does the spleen arise?
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a. From Dorsal mesentery (hence is mesodermal) but is supplied by artery of foregut (celiac).
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172. Mesonephros?
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a. Functions as interim kidney for 1st trimester; later contributes to male genital system.
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173. Metanephros?
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a. Permanent kidneys.
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176. Ureteric bud gives rise to?
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a. Ureter
b. Pelvises c. Through branching- calyces and collecting ducts. d. Fully canalized by 10th wk. |
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178. Most common site of obstruction (hydronephrosis) in foetus)?
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a. Uteropelvic junction w/kidney (last to canalize).
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179. Potter’s syndrome?
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a. Bilateral renal agenesis.
b. Causes oligohydramnios which leads to: 1. Limb deformities 2. Facial deformities 3. Pulmonary hypoplasia. c. Caused by malformation of ureteric bud. d. “Babies who can’t ‘Pee’ in utero develop ‘Potters”. |
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180. Horseshoe kidney?
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a. Inferior poles fuse.
b. As they ascend from pelvis, they become trapped under Inferior mesenteric Artery and remain low in abdomen. c. Function is normal. |
