Jazz Midterm

Front 1

Most encountered meter in western tradition?

Back 1

2,3,4

Front 2

Seventh,Ninth, and eleventh Harmony's are best described as

Back 2

Extended harmonys

Front 3

Spirituals contain two distinctly African musical traits: Call-and-Response and?

Back 3

Syncopation

Front 4

"Strangers in the night" by Sinatra, is a good example of?

Back 4

Blues

Front 5

Jazz Players spontaneously making up their music is?

Back 5

Improvization

Front 6

Jazz singers sing pitches between pitches regularly found on keyboards. What are these pitches called?

Back 6

Microtones

Front 7

In the blues, a instrumental filling the gap left over from the end of a singers part is called a?

Back 7

Break/Fill-In

Front 8

Polymeter can be described as?

Back 8

All playing varying rhythms simultaneously

Front 9

What meter is "Usquare Dance" in?

Back 9

7/4

Front 10

A forerunner of ragtime, this popular dance originated in blackface ministries, characterized by its short-long-short rhythm. What is the name of this dance?

Back 10

Cakewalk

Front 11

Name Scott Joplin's first hit.

Back 11

Maple Leaf Rag

Front 12

In what city is Congo Square located?

Back 12

New Orleans

Front 13

What was the name of King Olivers band in Chicago that gave Louis Armstrong his first big break?

Back 13

Creole Jazz Band

Front 14

Louis' recordings with the hot-5's and hot-7's took place between which years?

Back 14

1925-1929

Front 15

Louis' solo in "West End Blues" is remarkable why?

Back 15

Rare instance of a 20s Jazz member starting solo

Because it contains metric modulation

Its unprecedented technical virtuosity

Front 16

What musical did Louis Armstrong make a cameo in from the 60s?

Back 16

Hello Dolly

Front 17

Armstrong made headlines when he attacked the president over civil rights, who was this president?

Back 17

Dwight E. Eisenhower

Front 18

How did Louis create his vibrato?

Back 18

By vibrating his fingers on the valves of his trumpet/cornet

Front 19

Which band did Bix Beiderbecke NOT play with?

Back 19

King Oliver

Front 20

Where was Bix Beiderbecke born?

Back 20

Davenport, Iowa

Front 21

Where was Bessie Smith born?

Back 21

Chattanooga, TN

Front 22

In what year did the first collection of spirituals appear?

Back 22

1867

Front 23

Who was Benny Goodman's charismatic drummer?

Back 23

Gene Krupa

Front 24

What highschool did Goodman's pianist Jess Stacy attended?

Back 24

Cape Central High School

Front 25

Call-and-response directly lead to?

Back 25

Trading Fours

Front 26

Supply two of Louis Armstrong's nicknames.

Back 26

Pops

Dipper

Front 27

What role did the Karnoffsky family play in Louis Armstrong's life?

Back 27

They bought him his first cornet and also gave him his first musical job; playing the cornet to announce their arrival to collect scrap

Front 28

Why was Louis's second wife Lilian Hardin so crucial to his career?

Back 28

She was also his manger, dubbing him as the "Worlds best trumpet player" she ignited his career.

Front 29

What famous american was at Bessie Smiths first recording session?

Back 29

Thomas Edison

Front 30

How did Bessie Smith die?

Back 30

Car accident

Front 31

The ray was associated with Benny Goodman. What was it?

Back 31

A glare he was notorious for giving his band members whenever they made a mistake

Front 32

In January 1938 Benny Goodman made history by presenting jazz in what revered classical music location?

Back 32

Carnegie Hall

Front 33

Explain how Goodman's later career represents a musical crossover.

Back 33

He went from being a world famous jazz musician to a very successful classical musician, crossing over from one style to another.

Front 34

Peg Meyer's Melody Kings were a jazz band located were?

Back 34

Cape Girardeau/southern Illinois?

Front 35

What is the term that describes "B" in the traditional AABA 32-bar song form?

Back 35

Bridge

Front 36

Describe Syncopation?

Back 36

Rebellion against the established beat; the placement of accented beats between basic beats.

Front 37

Expalin how the verse/words of a blues stanza are organized?

Back 37

Each line has 5 accented syllables, the first line is repeated in order to give the musician time to improvise a third line.

Front 38

Give Roman numerals for the three basic chords that underpin the blues.

Back 38

I-IV-V

Front 39

What is Dissonance? What effect does it have?

Back 39

The lack of harmony between musical notes.

It helps music progress, giving it its flow and direction.

Front 40

What term synanmous with "chords" is used in jazz?

Back 40

Changes/Blowing changes

Front 41

Using solfege syllables(d,r,m ect.) Show how the blues scale can be viewed as a fusion of the traditional major and minor scales

Back 41

Major: D,R,M,F,S,L,T,D

Minor:D,R,maw,F,S,law,taw,D

Blues: D,R,maw/M,F,S,L,law/L,taw/T,D

Front 42

Song writers frequently depart from the traditional 32 Bar format in popular songs. "All or Nothing at All" by Frank Sinatra is an example of this, how was the standard format varied in this instance?

Back 42

It was a 64-Bar song

Front 43

Popular song from is represented by AABA what features, occurring at the beginning and end, are left out by this representation?

Back 43

Intro and Outro(coda)

Front 44

Of the two chords in western music: Major and minor, which sounds happy and which sounds sad?

Back 44

Major: Happy

Minor:Sad

Front 45

Describe the contesting roles of the left and right hand in ragtime music

Back 45

Left: on the beat

Right: highly syncopated

Front 46

Describe the two contesting functions of a jazz band in a new Orleans funeral

Back 46

The band originally plays sad song before the burial, in honor of the depart and to illustrate the loss. After the burial the band proceeds and eventually breaks into happy music to celebrate the departed going to a better place.

Front 47

Identify the earlier, mellower member of the trumpet family that 20s jazzers perfered.

Back 47

Cornet

Front 48

Describe how Bix Beiderbecke's sound and style differed from Louis Armstrong

Back 48

Bix musical style was flawless, he didn't take risk with the pitches of any note. Louis on the other hand constantly took risk with his performance, swinging notes how he saw fit

Sound wise Louis' music vibrated externally created by Louis' fingers while Bix instead created his vibrato internally. Bix also played high, while Louis preferred to play the middle range.

Front 49

Why did arrangements come into style during the swing era?

Back 49

Bands had become so large they became a easy way to organize the large amounts of various players.

Front 50

What instrument took the place of the tuba during the swing era?

Back 50

The stringed bass

Front 51

What instrument took the place of the banjo?

Back 51

The guitar

Front 52

Identify the three sections comprising a big band.

Back 52

Bass, Rhythm, Reeds