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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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John McLaughlin |
Virtuoso Guitar -Bandleader-composer -Hard, cutting, and metallic -The Mahavishnu Orchestra |
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John Coltrane |
Tenor and Soprano Sax -Bandleader-composer -One of the more influential sax players -Put chords together that sounded off next to each other |
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Dexter Gordon |
Tenor Sax -First bebop tenor saxophonist -Very logical and melodic solos |
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Stan Getz |
Tenor Sax -Popularized the Bossa Nova |
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Sonny Rollins |
Tenor Sax -Known for originality -Drew listens in and told a story with solos -Tone was hard, rough, dry, "brittle" |
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Miles Davis |
Trumpet
-"Birth of the Cool" -Defined 3 generations of jazz |
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Dizzy Gillespie |
Trumpet -The Dizzy Gillespie big band turned into the Modern Jazz Quartet |
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Clifford Brown |
Trumpet -Exceptionally melodic improvisor -Pretty tone and unprecedented playing speed and agility -Hard bop |
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Freddie Hubbard |
Trumpet -Most imitated -"free jazz" and "jazz-rock" -Refused to stray from the beat -Tone is clear and well focused |
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Bill Evans |
Piano -Popularized the jazz use of harmonies based on modes -Adapted chords of French composers -Known for rhythmic practices in which he often avoided accenting the more obvious beat |
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Bud Powell |
Piano -Most influential bebop pianist |
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Thelonious Monk |
Piano -First bebop composer and pianist -Style included jagged melodic contours, clashing tones, and creative use of silence |
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Lennie Tristano |
Piano -Composer and bandleader -Invented a modern jazz alternative to the bebop style of Bud Powell |
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Chick Corea |
Piano -Composer-Bandleaders -Major force in acoustic and jazz-rock fusion style |
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Herbie Hancock |
Piano -Composer-bandleader -Leader of jazz-rock fusion bands -Use of electronically synthesized sounds in a funk style |
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Cecil Taylor |
Piano -Composer-bandleader -Style is a major alternative to the dominant modern jazz styles -Emphasizes complex musical textures rather than musical lines -Devised the most unorthodox style of piano improvisation -Nonswinging, densely textured sound |
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Horace Silver |
Piano -Leading pianist-composer-bandleaders in hard bop -Music swing with an appealing crispness and bounce- quintet |
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Stan Kenton |
Piano -Progressive Jazz- moving and inspirational -Big bands with a large number of brass instruments -Taught and inspired his musicians to write and compose |
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Dave Brubeck |
Piano -Experimented with unusual meters -Performed songs with odd meters (3, 5, 7 beats) to the measure |
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Gerry Mulligan |
Bariton Sax -Quartet didn't have a piano -Primary composer- arranger on the Birth of the Cool recordings -Soft, dry tone, simpler - "West Coast Jazz" |
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Charlie Parker |
Alto Sax -Contributed most to the development of bebop "inventor of bebop" -One of the 1st modern jazz musicians |
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Ornette Coleman |
Alto Sax -Best-known free jazz musician -Improvised without following present chord progression -Influenced Avant-Garde musicians |
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Cannonball Adderley |
Alto Sax -Hard bop bandleader-composer - Top improvisor -Important figure in funky jazz |
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Lee Konitz |
Alto Sax -Cool jazz- leading alto sax |
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The Classic Miles Davis Quintet |
Piano- Red Garland, Wynton Kelly Bass- Paul Chambers Drums- "Philly" Joe Jones, Jimmy Cobb Tenor Sax- John Coltrane |
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Modal Jazz |
Jazz improvisation based on a mode (or scale) rather than on chord changes |
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Smooth Jazz |
Intentionally less challenging to hear, more melodic melodies and improvisations |
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Free Jazz |
(Associated with Ornette Colman and Cecil Taylor) The music contains improvised solos which are free of preset chord progressions and sometimes also free of preset meter |
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Progressive Jazz |
Stan Kenton's music |
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West Coast Jazz |
(Dave Brubeck, Paul Desmond, Gerry Mulligan, and Chet Baker) Cool jazz by California-based, white musicians |
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Acid Jazz |
Creation of a DJ and adds electronics |
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Overdub |
A new recording placed on top of an earlier source |
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Sampling |
In acid jazz, lifting an entire part from an earlier recording to form the basis of a new creation |
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Turntablist |
A disc jockey who usually operates two turntables simultaneously, mixing and altering the source material to form new sounds |
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Mixer |
Dj who blends various recordings and adds scratching sounds |
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Looping |
A recording technique- a short musical phrase is repeated |
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Hard bop vs. bebop |
-More drummer activity -tone colors are darker, weightier, and rougher -Chord progression in the accompaniment are less frequently identical to bop tunes -Less of the start-and-stop quality -Hard-driving feeling, emphasis on consistent swinging -Piano comping has more variety in rhythms and chord voicing |
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Jazz-Rock (Rock has) |
-Shorter phrase lengths -Less frequent chord changes -Less complexity of melody and harmony -Less use of improve - More repetition of melodic phrases and of brief chord progressions -Simple, repetitive drumming patterns -More pronounced repetition of bass figures |
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Bebop divers from swing (Performance) |
-Small combo -Faster tempo -Clarinet was rare -Display of instrumental virtuosity was a higher priority -Rhythm guitar was rare -Less emphasis on arrangements |
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Bebop divers from swing (Stylistic) |
-Melodies and harmonies are more complex -Accompaniment rhythms more varied -Comping -Timekeeping on the suspended cymbal -Phrases left suspended or unresolved -More agitated -More complex improvisation -Surprise was more highly valued |
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Birth of the Cool |
-Miles Davis Nonet -Gerry Mulligan was the primary composer-arranger -Unusual instruments were the french horn and tuba -No tenor sax or guitar |
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The Miles Davis Trumpet Style |
-Toying with pitch and tone quality at the beginning and end of notes -Harmon mute -Unusually skillful timing and dramatic construction of melodic figures -Comparing rhythmic concepts -An acute sensitivity in paraphrasing -Simplicity -Handling of tone quality and pitch range |
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Miles Davis and Fusion |
-Miles Davis Quintet was one the first established groups to mix rock and funk with jazz -Electric piano, electric organ, electric bass, electric guitar -More soprano Sax -Two or more drummers |
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Miles Davis (hard bop) |
-Created an original and substantial trumpet style -High-quality performances -"Birth of the Cool" -"Cool Jazz" -Pioneered "Modal Jazz" -Pioneered "jazz-rock fusion" |
