Jaundice

Front 1

Pre-hepatic causes? (4)

Back 1

I.e. those that cause increased haemolysis:

1. G6PD def. - increased haemolysis due to infection and iatrogenic causes

2. Sickle cell anaemia

3. Spherocytosis

4. Malaria

Front 2

Hepatic causes? (8)

Back 2

1. Viral hepatitis - A,B,C, CMV, EBV

2. Alcoholic liver disease

3. Cirrhosis

4. Gilberts syndrome - glucoronyl transferase deficiency

5. Crigler najjar - absent glucoronyl transferase or decreased (kernicterus newborn)

6. Liver metastatic cancer

7. Budd chiari - hepatic vein ovstruction

8. Wilsons disease - copper metabolism

Front 3

Post hepatic causes? (7)

Back 3

1. Gall stones in the bile duct

2. Pancreatic cancer

3. Liver flukes - parasites in the bile duct

4. Biliary atresia

5. Primary biliary cirrhosis

6. Choledochal cysts

7. Cholangiocarcinoma

Front 4

Investigations:
Increased unconj. bili (all other fields normal)

Back 4

Suggests prehepatic cause i.e. increased haemolysis

Front 5

Investigations:
Increased ALT, AST, Increased unconj, decreased conj. bili

Back 5

Hepatic jaundice

Front 6

Increased conj. bili, dark urine, pale stools

Back 6

Post hepatic