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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What amino acid is represented by the RNA codon UUU?
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Phenylalanine
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How many amino acids make up protein?
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20
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What are nucleotides composed of?
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Ribose sugar, phosphate and a nitrogen base.
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What is Semiconservative replication?
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The process in which the original strands of DNA remain intact and act as templates for the synthesis of duplicate strands of DNA.
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What kind of environmental factors can cause uncomplementary notrogen bases to become paired?
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Hazardous chemicals and radiation.
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What contains nitrogen and can be linked together to form proteins?
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Amino acids
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An _____ is a catalyst that speeds up the rate of _______ reactions.
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An enzyme is a catalyst that speeds up the rate of metabolic reactions.
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Approximately how many genes does each human chromosome contain?
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10 000
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RNA has no thymine, what other nitrogen base works in its place?
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Uracil
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Once the protein molecule has been built and the process of translation is complete, what turns the synthesis off?
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A terminator codon turns synthesis off.
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What can cause changes in DNA? and give some examples.
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Mutagenic agents like cosmic rays, X rays, ultraviolet radiation, and chemicals.
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Why are mutagenic agents particularly dangerous for pregnant women?
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Because a mutation in the baby would be coded into the DNA of every succeeding cell of the body and be repeated billions of times.
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Since we have oncogenes in our normal cells, why dont we all have cancer?
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These cancer causing genes are harmless when they are near their regulator genes and kept under control.
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What form of biological weaponry was developed for World War II by North America and England?
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They researched and tested the deadly anthrax bacteriem, which affects both cattle and humans.
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What does the principle of segregation state?
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in Meiosis, two alleles separate so that each gamete receives only one form of the gene.
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