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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Screening of Type II DM
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1.Elevated fasting plasma glucose levels(126mg/dl or greater) measured on two separate occasions
2. random glucose 200mg/dl or greater in a symptomatic pt. 3.75g oral glucose tolerance test - 2hour value greater than or equal to 200mg/dl. |
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Pros and cons of oral glucose tolerance test
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time-consuming, less convenient,more costly than fasting bl. glucose measurements. not routinely indicated for screening type 2 DM; however, it is used for screening gestational DM.
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Patients with liver disease are at risk for secondary
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hemosiderosis (no MVI with iron)
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new onset atrial fibrillation and tremor after tx. of thyroid dz,
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Radioactive idine(I131)
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How to confirm 21-hydroxylase def.
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ACTH stimulation test
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Endometritis
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fever, uterine tenderness, foul-smelling lochia
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PID tx.
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Ceftriaxone(for N.gonorrhoea) + Azithromycin(for C. trachomatis)
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Endometritis tx.
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Clindamycin(for anaerobe) + Gentamicin(for aerobe)
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Pap screening
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all women three years after initiation of sexual intercourse but no later than 21 years.
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Mild preeclampsia
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HTN >140/90
Proteinuria > 300mg(0.3g)/24h after the 20th week of gestation |
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Severe preeclampsia
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HTN > 160/110
Proteinuria >5g/24h Oliguria, elevated liver enzyme, thrombocytopenia, and possibly pulmonary edema |
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Chronic HTN in pregnancy
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HTN that is not pregnancy induced such as essential HTN.
It is diagnosed when HTN exists prior to pregnancy or when it appears before the 20th week of gestation. |
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Chronic HTN with superimposed preeclampsia
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Chr. HTN in pregnancy + proteinuria(appears during the course of pregnancy)
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unilateral flank mass in a child greater than 3 years of age is most likely?
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Wilm's tumor( which arises from the metanephros.)
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unilateral flank mass in a child less than 3 years old is highly suspicious for?
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Neuroblastoma( which is a malignancy of the neural crest cells)
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VSD vs. ASD
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VSD usually closes spontaneously.
ASD does not close spontaneously and requires surgery. It is the only congenital heart disorder which does not develop endocarditis. |
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'tet' spell
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hypoxic episodes that are characterized by paroxysms of deep, rapid breathing, and are caused by an increased pulmonary vascular resistance in TOF pts.
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WAS
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X-linked recessive
a young boy with eczema, thrombocytopenia, and recurrent infections with encapsulated germs. |
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Puberty
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Male: Gonadarche -> pubarche -> adrenarche
Woman: Thelarche -> pubarche -> menarche *Premature adrenarche and thelarche often have no clinical significance. On the other hand, pubarche requires a through evaluation, as it may be due to a CNS disorder in 50% of cases. |
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RTA
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low bicarbonate, high chloride, normal anion gap MA
Type I: (distal) acidotic, hypokalemia, elevated urinary pH -> often genetic dz., nephrolithiasis Type II:(proximal) decreased bicarbonate reabsorption, Fanconi syndrome Type IV: (Na-K exchange) hyperkalemic, hyperchloremic acidosis |
