Jamie Geo Test 2

Front 1

Volcanoes that erupt basaltic lavas:

Back 1

produce large shield volcanoes

Front 2

Volcanoes that erupt andesitic lavas:

Back 2

may erupt explosively

Front 3

A volcanic mudflow called lahar is:

Back 3

formed when hot ash melts snow on a volcano

Front 4

Smooth, very fluid, ropey lava flows are called:

Back 4

Pahoehoe

Front 5

Pyroclastic material greater than 2 mm and smaller than 64 mm is called:

Back 5

cinder

Front 6

Nuee Ardentee is another term for:

Back 6

pyroclastic flow

Front 7

Volcanoes in Hawaii are:

Back 7

shield volcanoes

Front 8

Basaltic pillow lavas are typical for:

Back 8

mid-ocean ridges

Front 9

Andesitic volcanoes are likely to form at:

Back 9

convergent subduction boundary

Front 10

What is tephra?

Back 10

all types of volcanic debris explosively ejected from a volcano

Front 11

Which type of volcanoes is cone shaped?

Back 11

composite

Front 12

Where do shield volcanoes occur?

Back 12

above hot spots located below the lithospheric plates

Front 13

Which of the following gases is emitted during volcanic activity?

Back 13

a. water vapor
b. carbon dioxide
c. sulfur dioxide
d. hydrogen sulfide
e. all of the above
Ans:e

Front 14

Possible methods of predicting volcanic eruptions include?

Back 14

a. topographic monitoring of tilting or swelling of the volcano
b. monitoring seismic activity
c. geophysical observations of thermal and magnetic properties
d. monitoring of gas emissions
e. all of the above

Front 15

Tropical cyclones:

Back 15

originate only in warm waters

Front 16

Wind speed in a hurricane

Back 16

can exceed 200 mph

Front 17

A hurricane watch

Back 17

designates a part of the coast as likely to be hit (50% or more) within 36 hours

Front 18

The point of landfall of a hurricane

Back 18

is averaging within about 119 miles of its predicted landfall

Front 19

Category 5 in the hurricane Saffir Simpson damage potential scale is defined by:

Back 19

wind speed more than 155 mph

Front 20

Tides characterized by one high and one low tide each day are called:

Back 20

diurnal tides

Front 21

Microtidal coasts have tidal range:

Back 21

less than 2 meters

Front 22

A tide with a greatest amplitude between the high water and low water occurring when the moon and the sun are on the same side of the earth is called:

Back 22

spring tide

Front 23

Gravitational attraction is:

Back 23

inversely proportional to the square of distances between bodies of matter

Front 24

Distance between two successive wave peaks is called:

Back 24

wave length

Front 25

Which of the following does not affect the size of waves?

Back 25

wave shape

Front 26

What is wave period (P)?

Back 26

the time in seconds for succesive waves to pass a reference point

Front 27

Flat backshore areas on beaches formed by deposition of sediment as waves rush up are called:

Back 27

berms

Front 28

If all existing glacial ice melt

Back 28

a. the Cancer Corridor would be under water
b. sea level would rise about 150 feet
c. Sacramento would become a harbor town
d. all of the above

Front 29

E 10 lines are defined by:

Back 29

a line where the erosion is expected to erode to in 10 years

Front 30

The global water cycle involves which of the following processes?

Back 30

a. Water evaporates from the ocean into the atmosphere.
b. Water precipitates from the atmosphere onto land.
c. Water flows into the oceans.
d. a and b above
e. all of the above

Front 31

Consumptive use of water in the United States is:

Back 31

about 400 million m3/day

Front 32

What is the name of the bond that holds two water molecules together?

Back 32

hydrogen

Front 33

Solid ice is:

Back 33

less dense than liquid water

Front 34

In order to melt 1 g of ice at temperature O0 C

Back 34

we need to add 79.7 calories

Front 35

A typical amount of dissolved substances in average river water is:

Back 35

120 ppm

Front 36

Which of the listed ions is NOT a major ion in drinking water:

Back 36

selenium

Front 37

A measure how readily fluids can flow through a sediment or a rock is called:

Back 37

permeability

Front 38

The top of the zone of saturation is called:

Back 38

water table

Front 39

An aquifer which upper surface is called water table is:

Back 39

unconfined

Front 40

An aquifer in which water is under additional hydrostatic pressure and which is always fully saturated is referred to as being:

Back 40

confined

Front 41

The hypothetical surface that measures the height to which hydrostatic pressure in a confined aquifer would raise the water in a well is the:

Back 41

potentiometric surface

Front 42

Loosing stream is also called:

Back 42

influent

Front 43

Delta aquifer in a lower Ogden Valley is:

Back 43

a confined aquifer composed of deltaic deposits of the Weber River

Front 44

Which of the substances is a nutrient released typically by human activity?

Back 44

phosphorus

Front 45

A high BOD level indicates:

Back 45

a high level of decaying organic matter

Front 46

Which of the following is not a toxic substance?

Back 46

rock salt

Front 47

Which of the following is not a point source of pollution?

Back 47

urban runoff

Front 48

What percentage of the 175,000 waste disposal sites in the USA might be producing contaminant plumes?

Back 48

75%

Front 49

What percentage of hazardous wastes in the USA is burned?

Back 49

20%

Front 50

How many underground storage tanks exist in the USA?

Back 50

3,000,000

Front 51

Enforceable concentration of a contaminant allowed in drinking water is called:

Back 51

Maximum Contaminant Level

Front 52

Unenforceable health goals determined for pollutants in water are called:

Back 52

Maximum Contaminant Level Goal

Front 53

The governmental organization responsible for setting safety standards is:(introduced CERCLA)

Back 53

Environmental Protection Agency

Front 54

Which of the acts established "Superfund" to clean up hazardous waste disposal sites?

Back 54

1980 CERCLA Act

Front 55

Which of the acts established the control of nonpoint sources of water pollution?

Back 55

1987 Water Quality Act

Front 56

The "Cancer Corridor" is located in:

Back 56

Louisiana

Front 57

A good criterion for recognizing saltwater intrusion in an aquifer is the amount of:

Back 57

chloride

Front 58

Which of the following is not a method of groundwater treatment?

Back 58

saltwater intrusion

Front 59

Most solid waste (our trash can) is composed of:

Back 59

paper

Front 60

Recycling aluminum saves .......... of the energy required to make a new one from ores.

Back 60

95%

Front 61

Paper comprises ................... of landfill volume.

Back 61

40%

Front 62

Which of the following is not a method of solid waste disposal?

Back 62

vapor extraction

Front 63

A potentially explosive gas that is generated in landfills is:

Back 63

methane

Front 64

Landfills tend to:

Back 64

a. leak
b. create explosive gasses
c. pollute groundwater
d. all of the above

Front 65

Which of the landfill types use soil processes to reduce contaminants in the leachate before they reach groundwater or surface water?

Back 65

the natural attenuation landfills

Front 66

Where are the best sites for landfills?

Back 66

in arid regions

Front 67

How can hazardous waste pollutants from a solid waste disposal site enter
the environment?

Back 67

a. Heavy metals are retained in the soil.
b. Paper, plastics, and other undesireable waste may be transported
off site by wind.
c. Gasses can volitalize and enter the atmosphere.
d. Soluble substances can pass through fill and soil to the groundwater
system.
e. all of the above

Front 68

Operators of landfills must ensure that monitoring of the landfill continues for ...... years after closure.

Back 68

30

Front 69

What is the basic idea of a secure landfill?

Back 69

a. collect and treat the leachate
b. confine the waste to a particular location
c. control the leachate
d. detect possible leaks
e. all of the above
Ans:e

Front 70

What is a problem with deep well disposal?

Back 70

It can cause earthquakes.

Front 71

Low level radioactive wastes should be isolated from the environment for about:

Back 71

5000 years

Front 72

Which of the isotopes are not produced by nuclear reactors?

Back 72

calcium 40

Front 73

How many half lives are required for radioactive isotopes before the material is no longer considered a health hazard?

Back 73

10

Front 74

The United States, with about 5% of the total world's population, uses about what percentage of the world's total, annual energy production?

Back 74

25%

Front 75

Which one supplies the largest percentage of U.S. annual energy consumption?

Back 75

petroleum

Front 76

A large power plant produces typically about:

Back 76

1000 megawatts

Front 77

Which of the rocks has the largest carbon content?

Back 77

anthracite

Front 78

Which of the listed gases is the most common natural hydrocarbon gas?

Back 78

methane

Front 79

Fission of 1 kg of uranium oxide releases the same amount of energy as the burning of

Back 79

10 20 tons of coal

Front 80

Which of the uranium isotopes is the most common?

Back 80

U 238

Front 81

The natural concentration of uranium in the earth's crust is:

Back 81

2 ppm

Front 82

Which is NOT a major uranium bearing deposit

Back 82

placer deposits in river or delta deposits

Front 83

Which two produce energy from a hydrogen fusion reaction?

Back 83

oxygen, neutrons