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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acts of the Apostles
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written by the same author of Luke; succession narrative; 40 days after Easter; witness and evidence; Pentecost and the events; Matthias the 12th apostle instead of waiting for Paul; tongues of fire; Jerusalem Council; Missionary Journeys; an apology (a form of literature in which the author defends and explains his particular worldview and behavior) instead of a letter
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Succession Narrative
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the fact that Acts was a continuation of Luke and the fact that the structures of the two novels are similar. it has something to do with Charles Tolbert. Maybe he came up with the theory. Basically Luke talks about Jesus life and Acts talks about the apostles' lives. Because the structures are so similar, the reader can see how the apostles are following Jesus step by step
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Paul
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Formerly Saul who was converted to Christianity on the Road to Damascus; most influential apostle and missionary of the mid-first-century church and author of 7 or 9 N.T. letters; follower of Jesus that was previously a Pharisee; created a set of ethics referred to as the Pauline Ethics
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Apostle
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sent by Jesus; disciple follows but apostle is sent by Christ to spread the good news; Acts: describes an apostle by one who had accompanied Jesus during his earthly ministry and saw the resurrection
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Pentecost
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50th day after Passover; occasion of outpouring of the Holy Spirit on early Christians assembled in Jerusalem regarded as the spiritual baptism of the church; Holy Spirit descends upon 120 disciples and fills them with Holy Spirit
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Glossolalia
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a religious phenomenon in which a person is inspired to speak in a language not his own; Acts: Holy Spirit fills disciples and they begin to speak different languages at Pentecost
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Holy Spirit
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the presence of God active in human life; (Paul) tells believers not to "stifle inspiration" b/c the Holy Spirit motivates believers to prophesy; prophets are inspired by this; believers distinguish b/w the good and the bad; (Pentecost) descends upon 120 disciples and empowers them to speak in tongues; fulfills Joel's prophesy as a sign of the last days
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Epistle
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a formal communication intended to be read publicly; Paul wrote his letters this way
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Gentiles
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a non-Jewish person; Paul includes people in church; arrested for bringing a Gentile with the temple; compromise to allow Gentiles into the temple: no meat offered to idols, no meat with blood left in it, and stay away from immorality
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Hellenistic Jews
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Jews living outside Palestine who adopted the Greek language and Greek customs and ideas; the chief was Stephen; 7 Greek-speaking disciples to represent them; Stephen first martyr and are severely persecuted b/c they aren't "real" jews; Saul executes Stephen; expelled from the holy city; Jews scatter after Stephen's death
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Damascus Road
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the road which Saul was following to go and persecute Christians and bring them back into the city so they could suffer; on his way, God blinded Saul and converted him into being a Christian and eventually into an apostle; later changed his name to Paul
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Jerusalem Council
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Gentile Policy: Pharisees vs. Peter, Paul, and James; finally came to a compromise with no meat offered to idols, no meat with blood left in it (resembled life), and stay away from immorality
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Pauline mysticism
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Paul's dualism b/w Jesus' objective and subjective reality; it's an important component of his worldview; powerful sense of union with an unseen spiritual reality; the belief of an evil present age and a new age to come; the thought about how Christ will come again but also is within an individual believer
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Justification by Faith
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R. Bultmann's idea brought up around 1929; Paul's thought that the Law cannot assure him of God's love and acceptance; a person needs to replace the Law with Faith b/c only Faith can assure you God's acceptance; Paul states that his experience of divine mercy convinced with he's been justified by God; Jesus' sacrifice paid for everyone the Law's penalty for human sin which effectively cancels the Law's authority
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Being in Christ
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Albert Schweitzer; Christ mysticism
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Covenantal nomism
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E.P. Sanders from the Qumran; merciful; keep law b/c you are in covenant; it is belief that one is brought into the Abrahamic covenant through birth and one stays in the covenant through works; rather than Paul's faith instead of Law
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Sanders Revolution
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started by E.P. Sanders that was followed by up by Luther: Reformation of criticism of Paul: Reformation: Law and Judaism, Obey the law, impossible unless through Faith
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new Perspective on Paul
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Paul's problem was being lawless and immoral; however, his ethics referred to the theology of God is God and you are not and also being apocalyptic about to keep statuses the same b/c Jesus is coming soon
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Romans
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56-58CE in Corinth; audience the house churches in Rome; calm and reasoned presentation of Paul's doctrine of salvation through faith bridge gap between God and humanity; reconcile imperfection and change from sinful to righteous; Paul hasn't visited or founded this church; support for his Spanish mission
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Galatians
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about 56CE to the churches of Galatia; composed in ephesus or Corinth; Paul angrily condemns the churches b/c of their identity; he says they don't have one and that they are misrepresenting Christ and they need to fix it; the Galatians practice syncretism of Roman cult worshiping and selected Torah requirements; Paul emphasizes faith rather than the law; says Mosaic Torah is to teach people they are lawbreakers; everyone is equal and all heirs of Abraham
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Original Sin
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concept that the entire human race has inherited form the first man a tendency to sin; some believe that humans are born corrupt; found in Romans; Paul writes that about God's reconciliation to humanity
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Doxology
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the formal expression of praise ascribing glory to God; Paul declares his confidence that nothing can separate the believer form God's love
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Hymn to Christ
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pg.369
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Pauline Ethics
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Moral code; Ethos, Ethics, Reason, right and wrong; 2 major premises 1.) love: keeps laws and 2.) community: individual rights and community responsibility; ethics contained a theology of God is God and people are people and an apocalyptic sense, the age to come and to maintain social statuses
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Pastoral Epistles
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1 & 2 Timothy and Titus; letters from Paul (or Pauline disciples) to 2 his fellow ministers; not credited to Paul b/c of the lack of Paul's characteristic ideas and the flat prose style and different vocab then other Pauline letter; letter contain combat false teachings urging the church to reject any deviations form the apostolic heritage
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Catholic Epistles
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general/widespread; 7 epistles; James, 1&2 Peter, 1,2&3 John and Jude; addressed to the church as a whole
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Hebrews
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many believe that Paul wrote the book but there is no Pauline language style or mention of Paul; it's not a letter but a word of exhortation; not to the Hebrews but to a Greek audience in general; only way in made it into NT is b/c many believed Paul wrote; 3 sections: 1) Jesus superior to all 2) Torah foreshadows Jesus' priestly role 3) call to faithful endurance
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Superiority of Jesus
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Hebrews shows Jesus' hierarchy over other religious figures; Jesus, prophets, Moses (law giver), angels, and then priests were highest but this exemplifies the incorrect thought; compares Jesus to priest: Jesus sinless, is own body as sacrifice, one and for all, and heaven; the priest sinful, sacrifices sheep/lamb, repeatedly, and holy of holies
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Sanctuary
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a holy place dedicated to the worship of a god and often believed to confer personal security to those who take refuge in it; Yahweh's Temple on Mount Zion in Jerusalem
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Expiation
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the act of making atonement for sin; usually by offering a sacrifice to appease divine wrath; priests normally do action; in Hebrews, Jesus is both priest and sacrifice; his offering fulfills the reality of the Torah's required sacrifices
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Animal Sacrifice
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Paul talks about the meat that use to be sold in markets or cooked and served for food; he warns them to respect others beliefs b/c it can be misinterpreted as the Christians are eating meat giving to idols and that violates religious purity; compromise from Council: no meat offered to idols, no meat with blood in it, and stay away from immorality
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James the Just
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a
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Diatribe
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the rhetorical style found in Jame. basically means that the author asks a question then proposes to answer it. James 2 is the example he gave in class
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Paraenesis
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the genre found in James. means that the book is not really theological and it uses short, choppy sentences and stream of consciousness style
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Epitome
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found in the Book of James; the literary structure. In an epitome everything mentioned in the body will be introduced in the first chapter
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Typology
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biblical interpretation in which the narratives and teachings of the Hebrew Bible are viewed as prophetic types or patterns for what Jesus was later to say and do; Melchizedek foreshadows Jesus' priesthood
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The Apocalypse
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to reveal/unveiling (dream); follows specific guidelines to be classified as Apocalypse; can be taken in 3 forms 1) prophetic which predicts and informs 2) transcendent which is timeless and 3) historic which is present/past and encourages ppl of its time
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Alpha and Omega
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the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet; Genesis represents the alpha and Revelations represents the Omega b/c of the apocalyptic message and the end of time
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Apocalyptic writing
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must meet 10 requirements: 1)universal (all ppl) 2) Cosmic dualism (Heaven/earth) 3) Ethical dualism (good/evil) 4) Chronological Dualism (present/end) 5) Predestination (everything planned) 6) Exclusivism (not compromised with the world) 7) Limited Theology (with God or not, no half way) 8) Portrait of violent God 9) Eschatological Preoccupation 10) Symbols and coded language
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Patmos
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small Aegean island off the coast of western Asia Minor where John was exiled, on the island John believed to write the book of Revelation; sent there by Domitian which could explain some of the symbolism
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Domitian
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Emperor of Rome; came to thrown after brother Titus died; crushed Jewish Revolt; demolished Jewish temple; severe persecution of the Christians; many believed he was the reincarnation of Nero to persecute the Christians
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Nero
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Roman emperor (54-68); persecution of Paul; burned the city of Rome and blamed the Christians and severely persecuted them; many thought he was the anti-Christ with the number 666 or 616; when he died many believed he would come back with an army to punish everyone while others believed he was reincarnated into Domitian
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Emperor Cult
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Domitian's time; he accepted himself into divine honors and allowed himself to be worshiped like a god; unlike Domitian, other heads of govts demanded they be worshiped or they would be persecuted b/c that showed their loyalty toward their gov't; as a result, Jewish and Gentile Christians were persecuted heavily b/c of their identity set by Romans
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letters to the Seven Churches
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found in Revelations; in 95CE, 7 churches included Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, Thyatria, Sardis, Philadelphia, and Laodicea; described as the 7 lamps to the world's darkness; Jesus tells John to write as Jesus identifies himself as the speaker will He tells the church of its spiritual condition followed by its weakness then a prophetic call for repentance, a promise of Parousia, exhortation to maintain integrity and final pledge to reward the victorious
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The Lamb
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Jesus Christ; harmless and vulnerable presents the lamb as appealing to show that Christ is the correct path; the lamb's sacrificial death guarantess the ultimate victory over the dragon who wages war on the Christians; the Lamb also delivers his followers that were persecuted; symbolic of Christ and the price he paid for us
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The Beast
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carrying the Whore of Babylon; 10 horns and 7 heads which is reversed from dragon to show the relationship; carries the number 666; blasphemous; represents the tyrannical government of Rome; carries a head with a mortal wound that has healed; another beast appears too that is classified as a false prophet
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666
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the number of the anti-Christ; the number of the beast; blasphemous; mortal wound on one head that healed; also seen as 616; human #/name; Caesar Nero(n)
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Persecution of Christians
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in Nero's time, he rolled many Christians in tar and feathers and burned them on stakes for lighting at his parties; in Gaul, interrogations, mutilations and other tortures made some Christians believe in divine retaliation that resulted in Jesus' second coming
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Millennium
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a 1000 year epoch, particularly the period of Christ's universal reign during which Satan will be chained and the martyrs will be resurrected to rule with Christ; eventually Satan will be released
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The Wedding of the Lamb
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The marriage b/w the Lamb and the Holy City of the New Jerusalem; New Jerusalem is rendered in terms of gold and precious stones; Ezekiel's visionof restored Jerusalem Temple; marks that God's will is finally done on earth as it is in Heaven
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