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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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prokaryote
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single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus
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bacillus
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rod shaped prokaryotes
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coccus
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spherical prokaryotes
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spirillum
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spiral and cork-screw shaped prokaryotes
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flagellum
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whiplike structures used for movement
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photoautotroph
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prokaryotes that carry out photosynthesis in a manner similar to green plants
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chemoautotrophs
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prokaryotes that obtain energy directly from inorganic molecules
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photoheterotrophs
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prokaryotes combine the autotrophic and heterotrophic styles of life
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binary fission
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reproduction; doubles is size, then divides
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conjunction
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hollow bridge forms between two cells
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endospore
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formed when a bacterium produces a thinck internal wall that encloses its DNA
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nitrogen fixation
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the process of converting nitrogen into a form plants can use
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pathogen
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disease-causing agents
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anti-biotic
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compounds that block the growth and reproduction of bacteria
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sterilization
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destroys bacteria by subjecting them either to great heat or to chemical action
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virus
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particale of nucleic acid, protein, and in some cases lipids that can reproduce only by infecting living cells
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capsid
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a virus's outer protein coat
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bacteriophage
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viruses that infect bacteria
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lytic infection
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process in which the host cell is lysed and destroyed
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lysogenic infection
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a host cell makes copies of the virus indefinitely
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retrovirus
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some viruses that contain RNA as the genetic information
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prions
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short for "protein infectious particles"
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